Polyacrylamide is a commonly used matrix for electrophoretic separation of nucleic acids and proteins. Polyacrylamide gels are prepared by free radical dependent co-polymerization of acrylamide and a cross-linker such as N, N-methylene-bis-acrylamide (Bis). The acrylamide to cross-linker ratio determines the pore size of the gel, which in turn determines the size range of molecules that can be separated (e.g. proteins are generally separated using ratios ranging from 29:1 to 37.5:1 whereas the a ratio of 19:1 is commonly used for DNA sequencing gels or separation of peptides).
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