most efficient method of cell fractionation
problem: heat build up which can denature proteins (proportionate to length of sonication)
precaution: do on ice and sonicate intermittantly
material: ultrasonication bath or rods
best for animal tissue; less suitable for cells
precaution: do on ice to reduce heat build-up and denaturation
material: drills (polytron), pestle/tube (dounce) bead beaters
least effective method
plus: does not denature proteins as much as other methods
material: pestle and mortar, liquid nitrogen
chemical method of lysis
problems: detergent may inhibit subsequent reactions
problems: detergent may disrupts protein interactions
no additional material required, just the chemicals and typical tubes
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