13.220.40 (Ignitability and burning behaviour of m 标准查询与下载

ASTM D4151-92(2001) 毯子的易燃性标准试验方法

This test method for the determination of the flammability of blankets is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of blankets since this test method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing. This test method may be used to evaluate electric blanket fabric, but tests should be performed on the fabric itself without the resistance heating wires inserted. All fabrics made of natural or regenerated cellulose, as well as many made from other natural or synthetic fibers, are combustible. Some combustible fabrics when used for blankets are potentially dangerous to the user because of the ease of ignition, rapidity, and intensity of burning. The first characteristic can be judged with the aid of the flammability tester.1.1 This test method provides a means to identify blanket fabrics which ignite easily and propagate flame across the surface. 1.2 This test method specifies the procedures described in the "Voluntary Blanket Flammability Standard" which has been used by the blanket industry in the United States since 1972. 1.3 This test method should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Flammability of Blankets

ASTM E1232-91(1996) 化学品可燃性的温度限值的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the minimum temperature at which vapors in equilibrium with a liquid (or solid) chemical will be sufficiently concentrated to form flammable mixtures in air at atmospheric pressure. This test method is written specifically for determination of the temperature limit of flammability of systems using air as the source of oxidant and diluent. It may also be used for other oxidant/diluent combinations, including air plus diluent mixtures; however, no oxidant/diluent combination stronger than air should be used. Also, no unstable chemical capable of explosive decomposition reactions should be tested (see 8.3). 1.2 This test method is designed and written to be run at local ambient pressure and is limited to a maximum initial pressure of 1 atm abs. It may also be used for reduced pressures with the practical lower pressure limit being approximately 13.3 kPa (100 mm Hg). The maximum practical operating temperature of this equipment is approximately 150176C (302176F) (Note A1.2). 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are provided for information only. 1.4 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions, and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety precautions are given in Section 8.

Standard Test Method for Temperature Limit of Flammability of Chemicals

ASTM D92-85 碳酸氢钠的标准规格

Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup

ASTM D93-85 石油蜡（包括矿脂）凝固点的标准试验方法

Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Tester

ASTM E918-83(1999) 温度和压力升高时化学药品易燃极限测定的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers the determination of the lower and upper concentration limits of flammability of combustible vapor-oxidant mixtures at temperatures up to 200176C and initial pressures up to as much as 1.38 MPa (200 psia). This practice is limited to mixtures which would have explosion pressures less than 13.79 MPa (2000 psia). 1.2 This practice should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use. 1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Determining Limits of Flammability of Chemicals at Elevated Temperature and Pressure

ASTM G74-82(1996)e1 材料对气流冲击着火敏感度的标准测试方法

1.1 This method describes a technique to determine the relative sensitivity of materials to dynamic pressure impacts by gases such as oxygen, air, or blends of gases containing oxygen.1.2 This method describes the test apparatus and test procedures that may be employed in the evaluation of materials for use in gases under dynamic pressure operating conditions up to gage pressures of 10 000 psi (69 MPa) at ambient temperature.1.3 This method is primarily a test for ranking of materials. This method is not necessarily valid for determination of the sensitivity of the materials in an "as-used" configuration since the material sensitivity may be altered because of changes in material configuration, usage, and environment. This method can be employed to provide batch-to-batch acceptance data. Acceptability of any material may be based on its performance at a particular test pressure, or test pressure may be varied to determine the reaction threshold of a material, as specified by the user.1.4 The criteria used for the acceptance, retest, and rejection of materials for any given application shall be determined by the user and are not fixed by this method.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautions see Section 7.

Standard Test Method for Ignition Sensitivity of Materials to Gaseous Fluid Impact

ASTM G72-82(1996)e1 在高压富氧环境中液体和固体自燃点的标准测试方法

1.1 This method covers the determination of the temperature at which liquids and solids will spontaneously ignite. These materials must ignite without application of spark or flame in a high-pressure oxygen-enriched environment.1.2 This method is intended for use at pressures of 2.1 to 20.7 MPa (300 to 3000 psi). The pressure used in the description of the method is 10.3 MPa (1500 psi). The method, as described, is for liquids or solids with ignition temperature in the range from 60 to 425176;C (140 to 800176;F).1.3 This method is for high-pressure pure oxygen. The method may be used in atmospheres from 0.5 % to 100 % oxygen.1.4 An apparatus suitable for these requirements is described. This method could be applied to higher pressures and materials of higher ignition temperature. If more severe requirements or other oxidizers than those described are desired, care must be taken in selecting an alternative safe apparatus capable of withstanding the conditions.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Autogenous Ignition Temperature of Liquids and Solids in a High-Pressure Oxygen-Enriched Environment