17.040.20 (Properties of surfaces) 标准查询与下载

ASTM G81-97a(2002)e1 颚式破碎机刨削磨损试验的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure to determine the relative gouging abrasion resistance of materials. Materials homogeneous in structure and properties are the most appropriate test materials; however, surface-treated and composite materials can also be tested. The test involves a small laboratory jaw crusher that crushes presized hard rock materials, such as a hard morainal gravel, or some other crushable substance. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (See 8.1 on Safety Precautions.)

Standard Test Method for Jaw Crusher Gouging Abrasion Test

ASTM G81-97a(2013) 颚式破碎机刨削磨损试验的标准试验方法

5.1 A number of types of jaw crushers have been used for laboratory abrasion tests, see Refs (1-5)4 and a limited amount of data has been published (6-10). With emphasis on the crusher described in Section 6, this test method ranks materials and also indicates differences in wear life for that type of abrasion defined as gouging abrasion, as is found in crushing equipment and in many mining and earthmoving applications. This test method is considered useful for research and development purposes, but not to specify universal wear ratios, since the wear ranking and severity of wear may change dramatically with a change of the characteristics (chemistry, shape, angularity, etc.) of the crushed material or type of machinery. 1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure to determine the relative gouging abrasion resistance of materials. Materials homogeneous in structure and properties are the most appropriate test materials; however, surface-treated and composite materials can also be tested. The test involves a small laboratory jaw crusher that crushes presized hard rock materials, such as a hard morainal gravel, or some other crushable substance. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (See 8.1 on Safety Precautions.)

Standard Test Method for Jaw Crusher Gouging Abrasion Test

ASTM B244-97(2002) 用涡流仪器测量铝阳极镀层及其它非磁性基底金属绝缘镀层的厚度标准试验方法

The thickness of a coating is often critical to its performance. This eddy-current method is nondestructive and is suitable for measuring the thickness of anodic coatings on aluminum, as well as the thickness of most nonconductive coatings on nonmagnetic basis metals. This test method requires that the conductivity of the substrate be the same in the calibration standard and in the coated article to be measured.1.1 This test method covers the use of eddy-current instruments for the nondestructive measurement of the thickness of a nonconductive coating on a nonmagnetic basis metal. 1.2 This test method is particularly useful for measuring the thickness of an anodic coating on aluminum alloys. Chemical conversion coatings are too thin to be measured by this method.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Anodic Coatings on Aluminum and of Other Nonconductive Coatings on Nonmagnetic Basis Metals with Eddy-Current Instruments

ASTM G81-97a(2007) 颚式破碎机刨削磨损试验的标准试验方法

A number of types of jaw crushers have been used for laboratory abrasion tests, see Refs (1-5)4 and a limited amount of data has been published (6-10). With emphasis on the crusher described in Section 6, this test method ranks materials and also indicates differences in wear life for that type of abrasion defined as gouging abrasion, as is found in crushing equipment and in many mining and earthmoving applications. This test method is considered useful for research and development purposes, but not to specify universal wear ratios, since the wear ranking and severity of wear may change dramatically with a change of the characteristics (chemistry, shape, angularity, etc.) of the crushed material or type of machinery.1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure to determine the relative gouging abrasion resistance of materials. Materials homogeneous in structure and properties are the most appropriate test materials; however, surface-treated and composite materials can also be tested. The test involves a small laboratory jaw crusher that crushes presized hard rock materials, such as a hard morainal gravel, or some other crushable substance.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (See 8.1 on Safety Precautions.)

Standard Test Method for Jaw Crusher Gouging Abrasion Test

ASTM A754/A754M-96(2004) 用X射线荧光测定钢上金属涂层涂层重量(质量)的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) for determining the coating weight (mass) of metallic coatings on steel sheet. The test method is intended to be used for "on-line" measurements of coating on continuous production lines. 1.2 This test method is applicable to the coatings covered by the following ASTM specifications: A591/A591M, A599/A599M, A623, A623M, A653/A653M, A792/A792M, A875/A875M, A879, and A918. It may be applicable to other coatings, providing that the elemental nature of the coating and substrate are compatible with the technical aspects of XRF such as the absorption coefficient of the system, primary radiation, fluorescent radiation, type of detection. 1.3 This test method includes the procedure for developing a single standard determination of coating weight (mass) 1.4 This test method includes procedures for both x-ray tube and isotope coating weight (mass) measuring instruments. 1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded seperately as the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Coating Weight (Mass) of Metallic Coatings on Steel by X-Ray Fluorescence

ASTM A754/A754M-96(2000) 用X射线荧光测定钢上金属涂层涂层重量(质量)的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) for determining the coating weight (mass) of metallic coatings on steel sheet. The test method is intended to be used for "on-line" measurements of coating on continuous production lines. 1.2 This test method is applicable to the coatings covered by the following ASTM specifications: A591/A591M, A599/A599M, A623, A623M, A653/A653M, A792/A792M, A875/A875M, A879, and A918. It may be applicable to other coatings, providing that the elemental nature of the coating and substrate are compatible with the technical aspects of XRF such as the absorption coefficient of the system, primary radiation, fluorescent radiation, type of detection. 1.3 This test method includes the procedure for developing a single standard determination of coating weight (mass) 1.4 This test method includes procedures for both x-ray tube and isotope coating weight (mass) measuring instruments. 1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Coating Weight (Mass) of Metallic Coatings on Steel by X-Ray Fluorescence

ASTM E376-96 用磁场或涡流(电磁的)试验法测量覆层厚度

1.1 This practice covers the use of magnetic- and eddy-current-type thickness instruments (gages) for nondestructive thickness measurement of a coating on a metal substrate. 1.2 More specific uses of these instruments are covered by the following test methods issued by ASTM: Test Methods B 244, B 499, B 530, D 1186, D 1400, and G 12. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are for information only and may be approximate. 1.4 Measurements made in accordance with this test method will be in compliance with the requirements of ISO International Standard 2178 as printed in 1982. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Measuring Coating Thickness by Magnetic-Field or Eddy-Current (Electromagnetic) Test Methods

ASTM B499-96(2002) 用磁性法测量磁性基底金属的非磁性镀层厚度的标准试验方法

The thickness of a coating is often critical to its performance. For most nonferrous coatings on steel, the magnetic method is reliable for measuring coating thickness nondestructively and is suitable for specification acceptance testing and SPC/SQC applications. The test method requires that the magnetic properties of the substrate used during the calibration be the same as that of the test specimen.1.1 This test method covers the use of magnetic instruments for the nondestructive measurement of the thickness of nonmagnetic coatings over ferrous or other magnetic base metals. Note 18212;Autocatalytically deposited nickel-phosphorus alloys containing more than 8 % phosphorus are sufficiently nonmagnetic to be measured by this test method, as long as the measurement is made prior to any heat treatment.1.2 These instruments measure either the magnetic attraction between a magnet and the basis metal, as influenced by the presence of the coating, or the reluctance of a magnetic-flux path passing through the coating and the basis metal.1.3 Measurements made in accordance with this test method will be in compliance with the requirements of ISO International Standard 2178 as printed in 1982.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thicknesses by the Magnetic Method: Nonmagnetic Coatings on Magnetic Basis Metals

ASTM E1845-96 铺地织物中间纵面深度计算的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers the calculation of mean profile depth from a profile of pavement macrotexture. 1.2 The mean profile depth has been shown to be useful in predicting the speed constant (gradient) of wet pavement friction. 1.3 A linear transformation of the mean profile depth can provide an estimate of the mean texture depth measured according to Test Method E 965. 1.4 The values stated in SI (metric) units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound equivalents are rationalized, rather than exact mathematical conversions. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Calculating Pavement Macrotexture Mean Profile Depth

ASTM G75-95 测定材料的泥浆磨蚀性(磨碎数值)和泥浆磨蚀特性曲线(SAR数值)的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers a single laboratory procedure that can be used to develop data from which either the relative abrasivity of any slurry (Miller Number) or the response of different materials to the abrasivity of different slurries (SAR Number), can be determined. 1.2 The test data obtained by this procedure are used to calculate either a number related to the rate of mass loss of duplicate standard-shaped 27% chromium iron wear blocks when run for a period of time in the slurry of interest (Miller Number), or to calculate a number related to the rate of mass loss (converted to volume loss) of duplicate standard-shaped specimens of any material of interest when run for a period of time in any slurry of interest (SAR Number). 1.3 The requirement for a finished flat wearing surface on the test specimen for a SAR Number test may preclude application of the procedure where thin (0.051 to 0.127-mm), hard, wear-resistant coatings will not allow for surface finishing. The 6 hours total duration of the SAR Number Test may not allow establishment of a consistent rate-of-mass-loss of the unfinished surface. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the respionsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Slurry Abrasivity (Miller Number) and Slurry Abrasion Response of Materials (SAR Number)

ASTM E1577-95(2000) 用于表面分析的离子束参数报告的标准指南

1.1 This guide covers the information needed to characterize ion beams used in surface analysis. 1.2 This guide does not cover all information required to perform a sputter depth profile (see referenced documents), specify any properties of the specimen except its surface normal, and discuss the rationale for choosing a particular set of ion beam parameters (1). This guide does assume that the ion flux has a unique direction, that is, is an ion beam, rather than a wide spectrum of velocity vectors more typical of a plasma. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Reporting of Ion Beam Parameters Used in Surface Analysis

ASTM G99-95a(2000)e1 用针盘仪进行磨损试验的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes a laboratory procedure for determining the wear of materials during sliding using a pin-on-disk apparatus. Materials are tested in pairs under nominally non-abrasive conditions. The principal areas of experimental attention in using this type of apparatus to measure wear are described. The coefficient of friction may also be determined. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Wear Testing with a Pin-on-Disk Apparatus

ASTM E797-95(2001) 用人工超声脉冲回波接触法测量厚度的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice provides guidelines for measuring the thickness of materials using the contact pulse-echo method at temperatures not to exceed 200oF (93oC).1.2 This practice is applicable to any material in which ultrasonic waves will propagate at a constant velocity throughout the part, and from which back reflections can be obtained and resolved.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Measuring Thickness by Manual Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Contact Method

ASTM E303-93(2013) 采用英国摆锤冲击试验机测量表面摩擦性能的标准试验方法

4.1 This test method provides a measure of a frictional property, microtexture, of surfaces, either in the field or in the laboratory. 4.2 This test method may be used to determine the relative effects of various polishing processes on materials or material combinations. 4.3 The values measured in accordance with this method do not necessarily agree or directly correlate with those obtained utilizing other methods of determining friction properties or skid resistance.Note 1—BPN and polish values from similar types of surfaces will not be numerically equal, primarily because of the differences in slide length and surface shape. Theoretical correction of the polish values to obtain numerical equality, either by mathematical manipulation or by use of special measuring scales is not recommended. 1.1 This test method covers the procedure for measuring surface frictional properties using the British Pendulum Skid Resistance Tester.2 A method for calibration of the tester is included in the Annex. 1.2 The British Pendulum Tester is a dynamic pendulum impact-type tester used to measure the energy loss when a rubber slider edge is propelled over a test surface. The tester is suited for laboratory as well as field tests on flat surfaces, and for polish value measurements on curved laboratory specimens from accelerated polishing-wheel tests. 1.3 The values measured, BPN8201;=8201;British Pendulum (Tester) Number for flat surfaces and polish values for accelerated polishing-wheel specimens, represent the frictional properties obtained with the apparatus and the procedures stated herein and do not necessarily agree or correlate with other slipperiness measuring equipment. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measuring Surface Frictional Properties Using the British Pendulum Tester

ASTM E1182-93(1998) 用径向切割法测量表层厚度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the radial sectioning technique 2,3,4 for measurement of the thickness of thin surface layers, made by a wide variety of processes, on metals, alloys, carbides, and oxides. 1.2 This test method is applicable to measurement of a wide variety of surface layer types where the interface between the layer and substrate is discernible by natural color or reflectivity differences or by means of color or reflectivity differences due to etching or staining. 1.3 This test method does not pertain to layer thickness measurements made by analysis of compositional variations. 1.4 This test method deals only with the recommended test method and nothing in it should be construed as defining or establishing limits of acceptability for any coating method. 1.5 The measurement values stated are in the metric system, as defined in Standard E380. 1.6 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 7.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Surface Layer Thickness by Radial Sectioning

ASTM F1438-93(1999) 用于气体分配系统部件扫描隧道显微镜测定表面粗糙度的标准测试方法

1.1 The purpose of this test method is to define a method for analyzing the surface texture of the above-mentioned components using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). STM is a noncontact method of surface profiling that can measure three-dimensional surface features in the nanometer size range, which can then be used to represent the surface texture or to provide figures of merit. Application of this test method, where surface texture is used as a selection criterion, is expected to yield comparable data among different components tested. 1.2 Limitations: 1.2.1 This test method is limited to characterization of stainless steel surfaces that are smoother than Ra = 0.25 [mu]m, as determined by a contact-stylus profilometer and defined by ANSI B46.1. The magnifications and height scales used in this test method were chosen with this smoothness in mind. 1.2.2 Intentional etching or conductive coating of the surface are considered modifications of the gas-wetted surface and are not covered by this test method. 1.2.3 This test method does not cover steels that have an oxide layer too thick to permit tunneling under the test conditions outlined in 11.3. 1.3 This technique is written with the assumption that the STM operator understands the use of the instrument, its governing principles, and any artifacts that can arise. Discussion of these points is beyond the scope of this test method. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Surface Roughness by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy for Gas Distribution System Components

ASTM F1438-93(2012) 使用气体分配系统组件中扫描隧道显微镜测定表面粗糙度的标准试验方法

1.1 The purpose of this test method is to define a method for analyzing the surface texture of the above-mentioned components using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). STM is a noncontact method of surface profiling that can measure three-dimensional surface features in the nanometer size range, which can then be used to represent the surface texture or to provide figures of merit. Application of this test method, where surface texture is used as a selection criterion, is expected to yield comparable data among different components tested. 1.2 Limitations: 1.2.1 This test method is limited to characterization of stainless steel surfaces that are smoother than R a8201;=8201;0.25 祄, as determined by a contact-stylus profilometer and defined by ANSI B46.1. The magnifications and height scales used in this test method were chosen with this smoothness in mind. 1.2.2 Intentional etching or conductive coating of the surface are considered modifications of the gas-wetted surface and are not covered by this test method. 1.2.3 This test method does not cover steels that have an oxide layer too thick to permit tunneling under the test conditions outlined in 11.3. 1.3 This technique is written with the assumption that the STM operator understands the use of the instrument, its governing principles, and any artifacts that can arise. Discussion of these points is beyond the scope of this test method. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Surface Roughness by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy for Gas Distribution System Components

ASTM F1372-93(2012) 气体分配系统组件用金属表面状态的扫描式电子显微镜 (SEM) 分析的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the testing of interior surfaces of components such as tubing, fittings, and valves for surface morphology. 1.2 This test method applies to all surfaces of tubing, connectors, regulators, valves, and any metal component, regardless of size. 1.3 Limitations: 1.3.1 This methodology assumes a SEM operator skill level typically achieved over a 12-month period. 1.3.2 This test method shall be limited to the assessment of pits, stringer, tears, grooves, scratches, inclusions, stepped grain boundaries, and other surface anomalies. However, stains and particles that may be produced during specimen preparation should be excluded in the assessment of anomalies. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 6.

Standard Test Method for Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Analysis of Metallic Surface Condition for Gas Distribution System Components

ASTM F1438-93(2005) 用扫描隧道显微术法测定气体分配系统元件的表面粗糙度的测试方法

The use of STM images and data is for purposes of textural quality assessment and calculation of figures of merit, and for high purity gas system clean room components. This test method defines a standard data presentation format and suggests figures of merit that utilize STMrsquo;ability to analyze three-dimensional surface features. 1.1 The purpose of this test method is to define a method for analyzing the surface texture of the above-mentioned components using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). STM is a noncontact method of surface profiling that can measure three-dimensional surface features in the nanometer size range, which can then be used to represent the surface texture or to provide figures of merit. Application of this test method, where surface texture is used as a selection criterion, is expected to yield comparable data among different components tested. 1.2 Limitations: 1.2.1 This test method is limited to characterization of stainless steel surfaces that are smoother than Ra = 0.25 [mu]m, as determined by a contact-stylus profilometer and defined by ANSI B46.1. The magnifications and height scales used in this test method were chosen with this smoothness in mind. 1.2.2 Intentional etching or conductive coating of the surface are considered modifications of the gas-wetted surface and are not covered by this test method. 1.2.3 This test method does not cover steels that have an oxide layer too thick to permit tunneling under the test conditions outlined in 11.3. 1.3 This technique is written with the assumption that the STM operator understands the use of the instrument, its governing principles, and any artifacts that can arise. Discussion of these points is beyond the scope of this test method. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Surface Roughness by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy for Gas Distribution System Components

ASTM E303-93(2003) 用英国摆锤检验器测定表面摩擦性能的方法

This test method provides a measure of a frictional property, microtexture, of surfaces, either in the field or in the laboratory. This test method may be used to determine the relative effects of various polishing processes on materials or material combinations. The values measured in accordance with this method do not necessarily agree or directly correlate with those obtained utilizing other methods of determining friction properties or skid resistance. Note 18212;BPN and polish values from similar types of surfaces will not be numerically equal, primarily because of the differences in slide length and surface shape. Theoretical correction of the polish values to obtain numerical equality, either by mathematical manipulation or by use of special measuring scales is not recommended.1.1 This test method covers the procedure for measuring surface frictional properties using the British Pendulum Skid Resistance Tester. A method for calibration of the tester is included in the Annex. 1.2 The British Pendulum Tester is a dynamic pendulum impact-type tester used to measure the energy loss when a rubber slider edge is propelled over a test surface. The tester is suited for laboratory as well as field tests on flat surfaces, and for polish value measurements on curved laboratory specimens from accelerated polishing-wheel tests.1.3 The values measured, BPN = British Pendulum (Tester) Number for flat surfaces and polish values for accelerated polishing-wheel specimens, represent the frictional properties obtained with the apparatus and the procedures stated herein and do not necessarily agree or correlate with other slipperiness measuring equipment.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

Standard Test Method for Measuring Surface Frictional Properties Using the British Pendulum Tester