17.040.20 (Properties of surfaces) 标准查询与下载

ASTM E303-93(1998) 使用英式摆锤式试验仪测量表面摩擦特性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the procedure for measuring surface frictional properties using the British Pendulum Skid Resistance Tester. A method for calibration of the tester is included in the Annex. 1.2 The British Pendulum Tester is a dynamic pendulum impact-type tester used to measure the energy loss when a rubber slider edge is propelled over a test surface. The tester is suited for laboratory as well as field tests on flat surfaces, and for polish value measurements on curved laboratory specimens from accelerated polishing-wheel tests. 1.3 The values measured, BPN = British Pendulum (Tester) Number for flat surfaces and polish values for accelerated polishing-wheel specimens, represent the frictional properties obtained with the apparatus and the procedures stated herein and do not necessarily agree or correlate with other slipperiness measuring equipment. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

Standard Test Method for Measuring Surface Frictional Properties Using the British Pendulum Tester

ASTM F1372-93(2005) 气体分配系统组件用金属表面状态的扫描式电子显微镜(SEM)分析的标准试验方法

The purpose of this test method is to define a procedure for testing components being considered for installation into a high-purity gas distribution system. Application of this test method is expected to yield comparable data among components tested for purposes of qualification for this installation. 1.1 This test method covers the testing of interior surfaces of components such as tubing, fittings, and valves for surface morphology. 1.2 This test method applies to all surfaces of tubing, connectors, regulators, valves, and any metal component, regardless of size. 1.3 Limitations: 1.3.1 This methodology assumes a SEM operator skill level typically achieved over a 12-month period. 1.3.2 This test method shall be limited to the assessment of pits, stringer, tears, grooves, scratches, inclusions, stepped grain boundaries, and other surface anomalies. However, stains and particles that may be produced during specimen preparation should be excluded in the assessment of anomalies. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 6.

Standard Test Method for Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Analysis of Metallic Surface Condition for Gas Distribution System Components

ASTM F1374-92(2005) 气体分配系统组件内表面IC/GC/FTIR的离子/有机可萃取物的标准试验方法

The purpose of this test method is to define a procedure for testing electropolished stainless steel components being considered for installation into a high-purity gas distribution system. Application of this test method is expected to yield comparable data among components tested for the purposes of qualification for this installation. FIG. 1 Ionic/Organic Contribution Data Table Illustration FIG. 2 Ionic/Organic Contribution Data Table Illustration1.1 This test method establishes a procedure for testing components used in ultra-high-purity gas distribution systems for ionic and organic surface residues. 1.2 This test method applies to in-line components containing electronics grade materials in the gaseous form. 1.3 Limitations: 1.3.1 This test method is limited by the sensitivity of the detection instruments and by the available levels of purity in extracting solvents. While the ion and gas chromatographic methods are quantitative, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) method can be used as either a qualitative or a quantitative tool. In addition, the gas chromatography (GC) and FTIR methods are used to detect hydrocarbons and halogenated substances that remain as residues on component internal surfaces. This eliminates those materials with high vapor pressures, which are analyzed per the total hydrocarbons test, from this test method. 1.3.2 This test method is intended for use by operators who understand the use of the apparatus at a level equivalent to twelve months of experience. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standards. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 6.

Standard Test Method for Ionic/Organic Extractables of Internal Surfaces-IC/GC/FTIR for Gas Distribution System Components

ASTM F1374-92(1999) 内部表面的离子/有机萃取物的标准测试方法 - 用于气体分配系统组件的IC/GC/FTIR

1.1 This test method establishes a procedure for testing components used in ultra-high-purity gas distribution systems for ionic and organic surface residues. 1.2 This test method applies to in-line components containing electronics grade materials in the gaseous form. 1.3 Limitations: 1.3.1 This test method is limited by the sensitivity of the detection instruments and by the available levels of purity in extracting solvents. While the ion and gas chromatographic methods are quantitative, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) method can be used as either a qualitative or a quantitative tool. In addition, the gas chromatography (GC) and FTIR methods are used to detect hydrocarbons and halogenated substances that remain as residues on component internal surfaces. This eliminates those materials with high vapor pressures, which are analyzed per the total hydrocarbons test, from this test method. 1.3.2 This test method is intended for use by operators who understand the use of the apparatus at a level equivalent to twelve months of experience. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standards. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 6.

Standard Test Method for Ionic/Organic Extractables of Internal Surfaces-IC/GC/FTIR for Gas Distribution System Components

ASTM F1375-92(2012) 气体分配系统元部件用金属表面状态的能量分散X射线分光光谱仪 (EDX) 分析的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method establishes a procedure for comparing the elemental composition of normal surfaces with any defects found on the surfaces of metal tubing, fittings, valves, or any metal component. 1.2 This test method applies to all steel surfaces of components such as tubings, connectors, regulators, and valves, regardless of size, style, or type. 1.3 Limitations: 1.3.1 This test method is intended for use by scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer (SEM/EDX) operators with skill level typically achieved over a twelve-month period. 1.3.2 SEM used for this study should conform to those limitations outlined in Test Method F1372 and should have a minimum point-to-point resolution of 30 nm. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 6.

Standard Test Method for Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometer (EDX) Analysis of Metallic Surface Condition for Gas Distribution System Components

ASTM F1375-92(2005) 气体分配系统元部件用金属表面状态的能量分散X射线分光光谱分析试验法

The purpose of this test method is to define a procedure for testing components being considered for installation into a high-purity gas distribution system. Application of this test method is expected to yield comparable data among components tested for purposes of qualification for this installation.1.1 This test method establishes a procedure for comparing the elemental composition of normal surfaces with any defects found on the surfaces of metal tubing, fittings, valves, or any metal component. 1.2 This test method applies to all steel surfaces of components such as tubing, connectors, regulators, and valves, regardless of size, style, or type. 1.3 Limitations: 1.3.1 This test method is intended for use by scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer (SEM/EDX) operators with skill level typically achieved over a twelve-month period. 1.3.2 SEM used for this study should conform to those limitations outlined in Test Method F1372 and should have a minimum point-to-point resolution of 30 nm. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 6.

Standard Test Method for Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometer (EDX) Analysis of Metallic Surface Condition for Gas Distribution System Components

ASTM F1374-92(2012) 气体分配系统部件内表面-IC/GC/FTIR离子/有机可萃取物的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method establishes a procedure for testing components used in ultra-high-purity gas distribution systems for ionic and organic surface residues. 1.2 This test method applies to in-line components containing electronics grade materials in the gaseous form. 1.3 Limitations: 1.3.1 This test method is limited by the sensitivity of the detection instruments and by the available levels of purity in extracting solvents. While the ion and gas chromatographic methods are quantitative, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) method can be used as either a qualitative or a quantitative tool. In addition, the gas chromatography (GC) and FTIR methods are used to detect hydrocarbons and halogenated substances that remain as residues on component internal surfaces. This eliminates those materials with high vapor pressures, which are analyzed per the total hydrocarbons test, from this test method. 1.3.2 This test method is intended for use by operators who understand the use of the apparatus at a level equivalent to twelve months of experience. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standards. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 6.

Standard Test Method for Ionic/Organic Extractables of Internal Surfaces-IC/GC/FTIR for Gas Distribution System Components

ASTM G98-91(1996)e1 材料耐磨损性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers a laboratory test which ranks the galling resistance of material couples. Most galling studies have been conducted on bare metals and alloys; however, non-metallics, coatings, and surface modified alloys may also be evaluated by this test method. 1.2 This test method is not designed for evaluating the galling resistance of material couples sliding under lubricated conditions because galling usually will not occur under lubricated sliding conditions using this test method. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Galling Resistance of Materials

ASTM B504-90(2002) 用库仑法测量金属镀层厚度的试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the thickness of metallic coatings by the coulometric method, also known as the anodic solution or electrochemical stripping method. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Metallic Coatings by the Coulometric Method

ASTM B504-90(2011) 用电量测定法测定金属涂层厚度的标准试验方法

Measurement of the thickness of a coating is essential to assessing its utility and cost. The coulometric method destroys the coating over a very small (about 0.1 cm2) test area. Therefore its use is limited to applications where a bare spot at the test area is acceptable or the test piece may be destroyed.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the thickness of metallic coatings by the coulometric method, also known as the anodic solution or electrochemical stripping method. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Metallic Coatings by the Coulometric Method

ASTM B504-90(2007) 用库仑法测量金属镀层厚度的试验方法

Measurement of the thickness of a coating is essential to assessing its utility and cost. The coulometric method destroys the coating over a very small (about 0.1 cm2) test area. Therefore its use is limited to applications where a bare spot at the test area is acceptable or the test piece may be destroyed.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the thickness of metallic coatings by the coulometric method, also known as the anodic solution or electrochemical stripping method.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Metallic Coatings by the Coulometric Method

ASTM B659-90(2008)e1 金属和无机物镀层厚度的测量方法的标准指南

Most coating specifications specify the thickness of the coating because coating thickness is often an important factor in the performance of the coating in service. The methods included in this guide are suitable for acceptance testing and are to be found in ASTM standards. Each method has its own limitations with respect to the kind of coating and its thickness.1.1 This guide covers the methods for measuring the thickness of many metallic and inorganic coatings including electrodeposited, mechanically deposited, vacuum deposited, anodic oxide, and chemical conversion coatings. 1.2 This guide is limited to tests considered in ASTM standards and does not cover certain tests that are employed for special applications. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Measuring Thickness of Metallic and Inorganic Coatings

ASTM B748-90(2006) 用扫描电子显微镜测量横截面测定金属涂层厚度的方法

This test method is useful for the direct measurement of the thicknesses of metallic coatings and of individual layers of composite coatings, particularly for layers thinner than normally measured with the light microscope. This test method is suitable for acceptance testing. This test method is for the measurement of the thickness of the coating over a very small area and not of the average or minimum thickness per se. Accurate measurements by this test method generally require very careful sample preparation, especially at the greater magnifications. The coating thickness is an important factor in the performance of a coating in service.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of metallic coating thicknesses by examination of a cross section with a scanning electron microsope (SEM).This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Metallic Coatings by Measurement of Cross Section with a Scanning Electron Microscope

ASTM B659-90(2003) 金属和无机物镀层厚度的测量方法

1.1 This guide outlines the methods for measuring the thickness of many metallic and inorganic coatings including electrodeposited, mechanically deposited, vacuum deposited, anodic oxide and chemical conversion coatings.1.2 This guide is limited to tests considered in ASTM standards and does not cover certain tests that are employed for special applications.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Measuring Thickness of Metallic and Inorganic Coatings

ASTM B659-90(2014) 测量金属涂层和无机涂层厚度的标准指南

3.1 Most coating specifications specify the thickness of the coating because coating thickness is often an important factor in the performance of the coating in service. 3.2 The methods included in this guide are suitable for acceptance testing and are to be found in ASTM standards. 3.3 Each method has its own limitations with respect to the kind of coating and its thickness. 1.1 This guide covers the methods for measuring the thickness of many metallic and inorganic coatings including electrodeposited, mechanically deposited, vacuum deposited, anodic oxide, and chemical conversion coatings. 1.2 This guide is limited to tests considered in ASTM standards and does not cover certain tests that are employed for special applications. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Measuring Thickness of Metallic and Inorganic Coatings

ASTM G84-89(2012) 在大气腐蚀测试中表面暴露在潮湿条件下湿润时间的测量的标准操作规程

This practice provides a methodology for measuring the duration of wetness on a sensing element mounted on a surface in a location of interest. Experience has shown that the sensing element reacts to factors that cause wetness in the same manner as the surface on which it is mounted. Surface moisture plays a critical role in the corrosion of metals and the deterioration of nonmetallics. The deposition of moisture on a surface can be caused by atmospheric or climatic phenomena such as direct precipitation of rain or snow, condensation, the deliquescence (or at least the hygroscopic nature) of corrosion products or salt deposits on the surface, and others. A measure of atmospheric or climatic factors responsible for moisture deposition does not necessarily give an accurate indication of the TOW. For example, the surface temperature of an object may be above or below both the ambient and the dew point temperatures. As a result condensation will occur without an ambient meteorological indication that a surface has been subjected to a condensation cycle. Structural design factors and orientation can be responsible for temperature differences and the consequent effect on TOW as discussed in 4.2. As a result, some surfaces may be shielded from rain or snow fall; drainage may be facilitated or prevented from given areas, and so forth. Therefore various components of a structure can be expected to perform differently depending on mass, orientation, air flow patterns, and so forth. A knowledge of TOW at different points on large structures can be useful in the interpretation of corrosion or other testing results. In order to improve comparison of data obtained from test locations separated on a macrogeographical basis, a uniform orientation of sensor elements boldly exposed in the direction of the prevailing wind, at an angle of 30° above the horizontal is recommended. Elevation of the sensor above ground level should be recorded. Although this method does not develop relationships between TOW and levels of ambient relative humidity (RH), long term studies have been carried out to show that the TOW experienced annually by panels exposed under standard conditions is equivalent to the cumulative time the RH is above a given threshold value. This time value varies with location and with other factors. Probability curves have been developed for top and bottom surfaces of a standard panel at one location which show the probable times that a surface will be wet as a percentage of the cumulative time the relative humidity is at specific levels. If needed, it should be possible to develop similar relationships to deal with other exposure conditions.1.1 This practice covers a technique for monitoring time-of-wetness (TOW) on surfaces exposed to cyclic atmospheric conditions which produce depositions of moisture. 1.2 The practice is also applicable for detecting and monitoring condensation within a wall or roof assembly and in test apparatus. 1.3 Exposure site calibration or characterization can be significantly enhanced if TOW is measured for comparison with other sites, particularly if this data is used in conjunction with other site-specific instrumentation techniques. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Measurement of Time-of-Wetness on Surfaces Exposed to Wetting Conditions as in Atmospheric Corrosion Testing

ASTM G84-89(2005) 在大气腐蚀测试中表面暴露在潮湿条件下湿润时间的测量

1.1 This practice covers a technique for monitoring time-of-wetness (TOW) on surfaces exposed to cyclic atmospheric conditions which produce depositions of moisture.1.2 The practice is also applicable for detecting and monitoring condensation within a wall or roof assembly and in test apparatus.1.3 Exposure site calibration or characterization can be significantly enhanced if TOW is measured for comparison with other sites, particularly if this data is used in conjunction with other site-specific instrumentation techniques.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Measurement of Time-of-Wetness on Surfaces Exposed to Wetting Conditions as in Atmospheric Corrosion Testing

ASTM G84-89(1999)e1 在大气腐蚀测试中暴露于润湿条件的表面上的湿度时间的测量标准实践

1.1 This practice covers a technique for monitoring time-of-wetness (TOW) on surfaces exposed to cyclic atmospheric conditions which produce depositions of moisture. 1.2 The practice is also applicable for detecting and monitoring condensation within a wall or roof assembly and in test apparatus. 1.3 Exposure site calibration or characterization can be significantly enhanced if TOW is measured for comparison with other sites, particularly if this data is used in conjunction with other site-specific instrumentation techniques. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Measurement of Time-of-Wetness on Surfaces Exposed to Wetting Conditions as in Atmospheric Corrosion Testing

ASTM B588-88(2006) 用双束干涉显微技术测量透明涂层或不透明涂层厚度的试验方法

The thickness of a coating is often critical to its performance. For some coating-substrate combinations, the interference microscope method is a reliable method for measuring coating thickness. This test method is suitable for specification acceptance.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the thickness of transparent metal oxide and metallic coatings by utilizing a double-beam interference microscope.1.2 The test method requires that the specimen surface or surfaces be sufficiently mirrorlike to form recognizable fringes.1.3 This test method can be used nondestructively to measure 1 to 10 m thick transparent coatings, such as anodic coatings on aluminum. The test method is used destructively for 0.1 to 10 m thick opaque coatings by stripping a portion of the coating and measuring the step height between the coating and the exposed substrate. The stripping method can also be used to measure 0.2 to 10 m thick anodic coatings on aluminum.1.4 The test method is usable as a reference method for the measurement of the thickness of the anodic film on aluminum or of metallic coatings when the technique includes complete stripping of a portion of the coating without attack of the substrate. For anodic films on aluminum, the thickness must be greater than 0.4 m; the uncertainty can be as great as 0.2 m. For metallic coatings, the thickness must be greater than 0.25 m; the uncertainty can be as great as 0.1 m.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Transparent or Opaque Coatings by Double-Beam Interference Microscope Technique

ASTM C664-87(2005) 扩散层厚度的的标准试验方法

A diffusion coating is one produced by causing an element or elements to react with or diffuse into, or both, the surface of a metallic substrate, thus chemically altering the substrate adjacent to the surface. To appreciate the significance of coating thickness measurements one must understand the contributions to a particular coating of solid-solution zones in the substrate and reaction products such as intermetallic compounds. 1.1 These test methods cover two procedures for measuring the thickness of diffusion coatings.1.2 Test Method A is the determination of the dimensional-change thickness, defined as the difference in the thickness of the part before and after coating. (The terms micrometer thickness and part growth are considered synonymous with dimensional change thickness.)1.3 Test Method B is the determination of total coating thickness, defined as the distance between the observably unaffected substrate and the exterior surface of the coating. This includes the total of all included phases, zones and layers. (The term case depth is considered to be synonymous with total coating thickness.) The total coating thickness is determined by cross-sectioning the coating, preparing a metallurgical mount and microscopically measuring the coating thickness.1.4 The total coating thickness as determined microscopically from a cross-section will usually be greater than, or equal to, the dimensional change thickness determined by part growth. When the coating is produced primarily by reaction with the substrate, the substrate-coating interface recedes as the substrate is consumed in the reaction. In such cases the difference between the total coating thickness and the dimensional change thickness is the thickness of the substrate consumed.1.5 Diffusion coatings are usually formed at elevated temperatures for service at elevated temperatures. This means that diffusion coatings are dynamic systems which are continually undergoing changes while in an elevated-temperature environment. It is necessary to know that certain phases are growing at the expense of others and to know the previous history of a coating to understand the significance of coating thickness data.1.6 Values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Inch-pound units are provided for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Thickness of Diffusion Coating