17.060 (Measurement of volume, mass, density, visc 标准查询与下载

ASTM D5931-96(2002) 用数字密度计对发动机冷冻剂的浓缩和水般的发动机冷冻剂的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density or relative density of engine coolant concentrates and aqueous engine coolants. 1.2 This test method should not be applied to samples so dark in color that the absence of air bubbles in the sample cell cannot be established with certainty. 1.3 The accepted units of measure for density are grams per millilitre or kilograms per cubic metre. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Note 1.

Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density of Engine Coolant Concentrates and Aqueous Engine Coolants by Digital Density Meter

ASTM D4753-95 土壤、岩石及施工材料试验用天平和刻度评定、选择和规定的标准规范

1.1 This specification provides minimum requirements for general-purpose scales, balances, and standard masses used in testing soil, rock, and related construction materials. 1.2 This specification provides guidance for evaluating, selecting, and specifying general purpose scales, balances, and standard masses used in testing soil, rock, and related construction materials. 1.3 The accuracy requirements for balances and scales are specified in terms of the combined effect of all sources of error contributing to overall balance performance. The measurement of specific sources of error and consideration of details pertaining to balance construction have been intentionally avoided. 1.4 This specification does not include requirements for balances and scales that have accuracies greater than those generally required in normal soil, rock, and related construction materials. 1.5 This specification does not apply to nongraduated balances. 1.6 This specification does not address the methods used to verify or quantify specific parameters dealing with balances and scales. For a description of tests used in evaluating balance performance, see NIST Handbook 44. 1.7 This specification is not intended to be used as a specification for the purchase of balances and scales. Note 1-The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), formerly the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), and the International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML) publish standards or practices that specify construction requirements as well as performance specifications for balances. ASTM, OIML, and NIST publish construction standards and tolerances for standard masses. Note 2-The terms "mass" and "determine the mass of" are used in this standard instead of the more commonly used terms "weight" and "weigh" to comply with standard metric practice. In addition, the term "standard mass(es)" is used instead of "weight(s)" when referring to a piece of material of known specified mass used to compare or measure the mass of other masses.

Standard Specification for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Balances and Scales for Use in Soil, Rock, and Construction Materials Testing

ASTM E100-95(2001) ASTM流体比重计的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers glass hydrometers graduated in systems required by the various tests in which their use is required.

Standard Specification for ASTM Hydrometers

ASTM D88-94(2005) 松香中挥发性油的标准试验方法

This test method is useful in characterizing certain petroleum products, as one element in establishing uniformity of shipments and sources of supply. See Guide D 117 for applicability to mineral oils used as electrical insulating oils. The Saybolt Furol viscosity is approximately one tenth the Saybolt Universal viscosity, and is recommended for characterization of petroleum products such as fuel oils and other residual materials having Saybolt Universal viscosities greater than 1000 s. Determination of the Saybolt Furol viscosity of bituminous materials at higher temperatures is covered by Test Method E 102.1.1 This test method covers the empirical procedures for determining the Saybolt Universal or Saybolt Furol viscosities of petroleum products at specified temperatures between 21 and 99176;C (70 and 210176;F). A special procedure for waxy products is indicated. Note 1Test Methods D 445 and D 2170 are preferred for the determination of kinematic viscosity. They require smaller samples and less time, and provide greater accuracy. Kinematic viscosities may be converted to Saybolt viscosities by use of the tables in Practice D 2161. It is recommended that viscosity indexes be calculated from kinematic rather than Saybolt viscosities.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Saybolt Viscosity

ASTM D1217-93(2003)e1 用宾汉比重法测定液体密度和相对密度(比重)的试验方法

Density is a fundamental physical property which can be used in conjunction with other properties to characterize pure hydrocarbons and their mixtures. This test method was originally developed for the determination of the density of the ASTM Knock Test Reference Fuels n-heptane and isooctane, with an accuracy of 0.00003 g/mL. Although it is no longer employed extensively for this purpose, this test method is useful whenever accurate densities of pure hydrocarbons or petroleum fractions with boiling points between 90 and 110°C are required.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the density of pure hydrocarbons or petroleum distillates boiling between 90 and 110176;C that can be handled in a normal fashion as a liquid at the specified test temperatures of 20 and 25176;C.1.2 This test method provides a calculation procedure for the conversion of density to relative density (specific gravity).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Section 7.

Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer

ASTM D1217-93(2007) 采用宾汉比重瓶对液体密度和比重的标准试验方法

Density is a fundamental physical property which can be used in conjunction with other properties to characterize pure hydrocarbons and their mixtures. This test method was originally developed for the determination of the density of the ASTM Knock Test Reference Fuels n-heptane and isooctane, with an accuracy of 0.00003 g/mL. Although it is no longer employed extensively for this purpose, this test method is useful whenever accurate densities of pure hydrocarbons or petroleum fractions with boiling points between 90 and 110°C are required.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the density of pure hydrocarbons or petroleum distillates boiling between 90 and 110°C that can be handled in a normal fashion as a liquid at the specified test temperatures of 20 and 25°C. 1.2 This test method provides a calculation procedure for the conversion of density to relative density (specific gravity). 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Section 7.

Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer

ASTM F1080-93(2008) 用稠度计测定粘液稠度的标准试验方法

This measurement of flow gives results that cannot be predicted with viscosity measurements, due to surface tension and density effects. The measured flow, is related to flow performance of viscous materials sprayed on aircraft surfaces or other large structures.1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determination of the flow of a standard volume of a semisolid or thick liquid under its own weight. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining the Consistency of Viscous Liquids Using a Consistometer

ASTM F1080-93(2002) 用稠度计测定粘液稠度的试验方法

This measurement of flow gives results that cannot be predicted with viscosity measurements, due to surface tension and density effects. The measured flow, is related to flow performance of viscous materials sprayed on aircraft surfaces or other large structures.1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determination of the flow of a standard volume of a semisolid or thick liquid under its own weight.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining the Consistency of Viscous Liquids Using a Consistometer

ASTM F1080-93(2013) 采用稠度计测定粘液稠度的标准试验方法

3.1 This measurement of flow gives results that cannot be predicted with viscosity measurements, due to surface tension and density effects. The measured flow, is related to flow performance of viscous materials sprayed on aircraft surfaces or other large structures. 1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determination of the flow of a standard volume of a semisolid or thick liquid under its own weight. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining the Consistency of Viscous Liquids Using a Consistometer

ASTM D2270-93(1998) 根据40,100和176℃时的运动粘度计算粘度指数的标准规程

1.1 This practice specifies the procedures for calculating the viscosity index of petroleum products, such as lubricating oils, and related materials from their kinematic viscosities at 40 and 100176C. 1.1.1 Procedure A -For petroleum products of viscosity index up to and including 100. 1.1.2 Procedure B -For petroleum products of which the viscosity index is 100 or greater. 1.2 Table 1 given in this practice applies to petroleum products with kinematic viscosities between 2 and 70 mm /s (cSt) at 100176C. Equations are provided for calculating viscosity index for petroleum products having kinematic viscosities above 70 mm /s (cSt) at 100176C. 1.3 The kinematic viscosity values are determined with reference to a value of 1.0038 mm /s (cSt) at 20.00176C for distilled water. The determination of the kinematic viscosity of a petroleum product shall be carried out in accordance with Test Methods D445, IP 71, ISO 3104, or ISO 2909. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

Standard Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index From Kinematic Viscosity at 40 and 100176C

ASTM D2161-93(1999)e2 运动粘度换算成赛波特通用粘度或赛波特重油粘度的标准规程

1.1 This practice covers the conversion tables and equations for converting kinematic viscosity in centistokes (cSt) at any temperature to Saybolt Universal viscosity in Saybolt Universal seconds (SUS) at the same temperature and for converting kinematic viscosity in centistokes at 122 and 210176F to Saybolt Furol viscosity in Saybolt Furol seconds (SFS) at the same temperatures. Kinematic viscosity values are based on water being 1.0038 mm2/s (cSt) at 68176F (20176C). Note 1-A fundamental and preferred method for measuring kinematic viscosity is by use of kinematic viscometers as outlined in Test Method D445, It is recommended that kinematic viscosity be reported in centistokes, instead of Saybolt Universal Seconds (SUS) or Saybolt Furol Seconds (SFS). Thus this method is being retained for the purpose of calculation of kinematic viscosities from SUS and SFS data which appear in past literature. One centistokes equals one millimetre squared per second (mm2/s). 1.2 The SI unit of kinematic viscosity, mm2/s, and temperature in degrees Fahrenheit are the standard in this practice.

Standard Practice for Conversion of Kinematic Viscosity to Saybolt Universal Viscosity or to Saybolt Furol Viscosity

ASTM D1480-93(1997) 使用宾汉(Bingham)双毛细管比重计测定粘性材料的密度和相对密度(比重)的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes two procedures for the measurement of the density of materials which are fluid at the desired test temperature. Its application is restricted to liquids of vapor pressures below 600 mm Hg (80 kPa) and viscosities below 40 000 cSt (mm /s) at the test temperature. The method is designed for use at any temperature between 20 and 100176C. It can be used at higher temperatures; however, in this case the precision section does not apply. Note 1-For the determination of density of materials which are fluid at normal temperatures, see Test Method D941 or where greater precision is desired see Test Method D1217. 1.2 This test method provides a calculation procedure for converting density to specific gravity. 1.3 The values stated in acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements see Notes 1, 2, and 3.

Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Viscous Materials by Bingham Pycnometer

ASTM D1481-93(1997) 用利普金双毛细管比重计测定粘性材料密度和相对密度(比重)的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of oils more viscous than 15 cSt at 20176C (mm /s), and of viscous oils and melted waxes at elevated temperatures, but not at temperatures at which the sample would have a vapor pressure of 100 mm Hg (13 kPa) or above. Note 1-To determine the densities of less viscous liquids at 20 or 25176C use Test Method D941, or Test Method D1217. 1.2 This test method provides a calculation procedure for converting density to relative density (specific gravity). 1.3 The values stated in acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Viscous Materials by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnometer

ASTM E126-92(1998) 用差别扫描热量测定仪测定特殊热量的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes the principles, apparatus, and procedures for the inspection and verification of glass hydrometers of the constant-mass, variable-displacement type. It is intended to apply to ASTM hydrometers as well as to glass hydrometers in general. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units may be approximate. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Hydrometers

ASTM D4486-91(2001) 挥发性和活性液体运动粘度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the measurement of kinematic viscosity of transparent, Newtonian liquids which because of their reactivity, instability, or volatility cannot be used in conventional capillary kinematic viscometers. This test method is applicable up to 2 10-5 N/m2 /sup> (2 atm) pressure and temperature range from -53 to + 135oC (-65 to + 275oF).1.1.1 For the measurement of the kinematic viscosity of other liquids, see Test Method D445.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 7.2 , 7.3 , and 7.4.

Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Volatile and Reactive Liquids

ASTM D1481-91 用利普金双毛细管比重计测定粘性材料密度和相对密度(比重)的标准试验方法

Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Viscous Materials by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnometer

ASTM D4486-91(2006) 挥发性和活性液体运动粘度的标准试验方法

Kinematic viscosity is a physical property which is of importance in the design of systems in which flowing liquids are used or handled.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of kinematic viscosity of transparent, Newtonian liquids which because of their reactivity, instability, or volatility cannot be used in conventional capillary kinematic viscometers. This test method is applicable up to 2 10 5 N/m2 (2 atm) pressure and temperature range from 53 to +135176;C (65 to +275176;F).1.1.1 For the measurement of the kinematic viscosity of other liquids, see Test Method D 445.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, and Annex A1.

Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Volatile and Reactive Liquids

ASTM E1270-88(1997) 等臂天平的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method can be used for testing equal-arm balances of any capacity and sensitivity. The testing procedure should enable the user to characterize his instrument sufficiently to determine whether or not it is suitable for the purpose for which it is to be used. 1.2 The characteristics to be examined include: 1.2.1 Sensitivity at all loads, 1.2.2 Lever arm ratio, 1.2.3 Damping ratio (for instruments without accessory dampers), 1.2.4 Period of oscillation, 1.2.5 Precision, and 1.2.6 Linearity and calibration of accessory devices that provide on-scale indication of weight. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Equal Arm Balances

ASTM E898-88(2000) 直读实验室秤盘和天平的最大载荷试验的标准试验方法

1.1 This method covers the determination of characteristics of top-loading, direct-reading laboratory scales and balances. Laboratory scales of the top-loading type may have capacities from a few grams up to several kilograms. Resolution may be from 1/1000 of capacity to 1/1 000 000 or more. This method can be used for any of these instruments and will serve to measure the most important characteristics that are of interest to the user. The characteristics to be measured include the following:1.1.1 warm-up,1.1.2 off center errors,1.1.3 repeatability, reproducibility, and precision,1.1.4 accuracy and linearity,1.1.5 hysteresis,1.1.6 settling time,1.1.7 temperature effects,1.1.8 vernier or micrometer calibration, and1.1.9 resistance to external disturbances.1.2 The types of scales that can be tested by this method are of stabilized pan design wherein the sample pan does not tilt out of a horizontal plane when the sample is placed anywhere on the pan surface. The pan is located generally above the measuring mechanism with no vertical obstruction, except for draft shields. Readings of weight may be obtained from an optical scale, from a digital display, or from a mechanical dial. Weighing mechanisms may be of the deflecting type, using gravity or a spring as the transducer, or may be a force-balance system wherein an electromagnetic, pneumatic, hydraulic, or other force is used to counterbalance the weight of the sample. Other force-measuring devices may be tested by this method as long as a sample placed on a receiving platform produces an indication that is substantially a linear function of the weight of the sample.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Method of Testing Top-Loading, Direct-Reading Laboratory Scales and Balances

ASTM D445-88 室内用塑料曝露于氙弧光的标准实施规程

Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)