17.200.20 温度测量仪器仪表 标准查询与下载

KS A 0512-2019 玻璃液体温度计测量温度的方法

Method of temperature measurement by liquid-in-glass thermometers

KS C 1602-2019 热电偶

Thermocouples

ASTM F2362-03(2019) 温度监测设备标准规范

1.1 This specification covers the requirements for equipment intended to provide control input and monitoring of temperatures in general applications. Equipment described in this specification includes temperature indicators, signal conditioners and power supplies, and temperature sensors such as thermocouples and resistance temperature element assemblies. 1.2 Special requirements for Naval shipboard applications are included in the Supplementary Requirements section. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Temperature Monitoring Equipment

ASTM E1129/E1129M-19 热电偶连接器的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers separable single-circuit thermocouple connectors with two round pins. Connectors covered by this specification must be rated for continuous use to at least 300 °F (150 °C), but they may optionally be rated to a higher temperature. 1.2 This specification does not cover multiple-circuit connectors, multi-pin connectors, miniature connectors, or connectors intended primarily for panel mounting. High temperature connectors (for example, those designed for continuous use at temperatures above approximately 500 °F (260 °C)) are not intended to be covered by this specification. 1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in brackets are not conversions to the values they succeed and therefore shall be used independently of the preceding values. The values given in parentheses are conversions of the values they succeed. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 9, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Thermocouple Connectors

ASTM E3186-19 干块温度校准器的使用和试验的标准指南

1.1 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.3 This guide is intended for use with dry-block temperature calibrators without the use of fluids or thermal contactenhancing media over a range of -100 °C to 1700 °C. 1.4 In this guide, the essential features of dry-block calibrators used for the purpose of thermometer calibration in either the direct or comparison mode are described. The direct mode is defined as using the dry-block calibrator as a standalone instrument with the control sensor and the calibrator display serving as the reference while the comparison mode uses an external sensor and ancillary measurement system as the reference. 1.5 Measurement practices to optimize the accuracy of a dry-block calibrator to obtain optimum results are proposed in this guide. 1.6 Tests that can be performed to define uncertainty limits and how they may be used in creating uncertainty budgets are proposed in this guide. 1.7 Dry-block calibrator accessories such as built-in reference thermometers, switch testing circuitry, computer communications, or current loops will not be discussed. 1.8 It is advised that liquid-in-glass thermometers not be used in dry-block calibrators, as using liquid-in-glass thermometers with a metal block may cause damage to the readout of the thermometer. 1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Guide for Use and Testing of Dry-Block Temperature Calibrators

ASTM E644-11(2019) 工业电阻温度计试验的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods cover the principles, apparatus, and procedures for calibration and testing of industrial resistance thermometers. 1.2 These test methods cover the tests for insulation resistance, calibration, immersion error, pressure effects, thermal response time, vibration effect, mechanical shock, selfheating effect, stability, thermoelectric effect, humidity, thermal hysteresis, thermal shock, and end seal integrity. 1.3 These test methods are not necessarily intended for, recommended to be performed on, or appropriate for every type of thermometer. The expected repeatability and reproducibility of the results are tabulated in Appendix X4. 1.4 These test methods, when specified in a procurement document, shall govern the method of testing the resistance thermometer. 1.5 Thermometer performance specifications, acceptance limits, and sampling methods are not covered in these test methods; they should be specified separately in the procurement document. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 5, 6, 8, 16, and 17 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Methods for Testing Industrial Resistance Thermometers

ASTM E2046-19 用热分析法测定反应诱导时间的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes the measurement of reaction induction time (RIT) of chemical materials that undergo exothermic reactions with an induction period. The techniques and apparatus described may be used for solids, liquids, or slurries of chemical substances. The temperature range covered by this test method is typically from ambient to 400 °C. This range may be extended depending upon the apparatus used. 1.2 The RIT is a relative index value, not an absolute thermodynamic property. As an index value, the RIT value may change depending upon experimental conditions. A comparison of RIT values may be made only for materials tested under similar conditions of apparatus, specimen size, and so forth. Furthermore, the RIT value may not predict behavior of large quantities of material. 1.3 The RIT shall not be used by itself to establish a safe operating temperature. It may be used in conjunction with other test methods (for example, Test Methods E487 and E537, and Guide E1981) as part of a hazard analysis of a particular operation. 1.4 This test method may be used for RIT values greater than 15 min (as relative imprecision increases at shorter periods). 1.5 This test method is used to study catalytic, autocatalytic, and accelerating reactions. These reactions depend upon time as well as temperature. Such reactions are often studied by fixing one experimental parameter (that is, time or temperature) and then measuring the other parameter (that is, temperature or time). This test method measures time to reaction onset detection under isothermal conditions. It is related to Test Method E487 that measures detected reaction onset temperature under constant time conditions 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this test method. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Reaction Induction Time by Thermal Analysis

ASTM E1684/E1684M-19 微型热电偶连接器的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers separable single-circuit miniature thermocouple connectors with two flat pins. Connectors covered by this specification must be rated for continuous use to at least 300 °F (150 °C), but they may optionally be rated to a higher temperature. 1.2 This specification does not cover multiple-circuit connectors, multi-pin connectors, standard size connectors, or connectors intended primarily for panel mounting. Hightemperature connectors (for example, those designed for continuous use at temperatures significantly above approximately 500 °F [260 °C]) are not intended to be covered by this specification. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in brackets are not conversions to the values they succeed and therefore shall be used independently of the preceding values. The values given in parentheses are conversions of the values they succeed. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.4 The plug and jack may be ordered separately but many of the connector characteristics (see Table 1) are qualified as a mated pair. The requirements in this standard are applicable for the connector pair supplied by the same manufacturer. 1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the Test Methods portion, Section 9, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Miniature Thermocouple Connectors

EN 50413:2019 人体暴露于电场,磁场和电磁场(0Hz-300GHz)中的测量和计算程序的基本标准

This document provides general methods for measurement and calculation of quantities associated with human exposure to electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. It is intended specifically to be used for the assessment of emissions from products and comparison of these with the exposure limits for the general public given in Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC, and those given for workers in Directive 2013/35/EU, as appropriate. It also is intended to be used for assessment of human exposure to electromagnetic fields in the workplace to determine compliance with the requirements of Directive 2013/35/EU. This standard deals with quantities that can be measured or calculated external to the body, notably electric and magnetic field strength or power density, and includes the measurement and calculation of quantities inside the body that form the basis for protection guidelines. In particular the standard provides information on: — definitions and terminology, — characteristics of electromagnetic fields, — measurement of exposure quantities, — instrumentation requirements, — methods of calibration, — measurement techniques and procedures for evaluating exposure, — calculation methods for exposure assessment. Where an applicable electromagnetic field standard specific to a product or technology exists it is expected to be used rather than this document. EN 62311:—, Table 1 gives a list of relevant standards.

Basic standard on measurement and calculation procedures for human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (0 Hz - 300 GHz)

ASTM E220-19 用比较技术校准热电偶的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes the principles, apparatus, and procedure for calibrating thermocouples by comparison with a reference thermometer. Calibrations are covered over temperature ranges appropriate to the individual types of thermocouples within an overall range from approximately −195 °C to 1700 °C (−320 °F to 3100 °F). 1.2 In general, this test method is applicable to unused thermocouples. This test method does not apply to used thermocouples due to their potential material inhomogeneity— the effects of which cannot be identified or quantified by standard calibration techniques. Thermocouples with largediameter thermoelements and sheathed thermocouples may require special care to control thermal conduction losses. 1.3 In this test method, all values of temperature are based on the International Temperature Scale of 1990. See Guide E1594. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By Comparison Techniques

ASTM G179-04(2019) 金属黑色面板和白色面板温度设备的自然风化测试标准规范

1.1 This specification provides specific information for the manufacturing and use of metal black and white panel temperature devices to measure temperatures that estimate highest maximum (black) and lowest maximum (white) temperatures of coated metal specimens during natural weathering tests. 1.1.1 The construction of a black or white panel has a significant effect on the indicated temperature. This standard describes a robust construction from the panels investigated, which has been shown to provide the highest, most consistent temperatures when compared side-by-side with other black panel constructions. 1.2 This specification includes details on design requirements and quantitative measurement techniques, which will lead to the proper selection of materials and use for black and white panel temperature sensors. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use. NOTE 1—There is no equivalent ISO standard describing the selection and use of black panel sensors for natural weathering tests. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Metal Black Panel and White Panel Temperature Devices for Natural Weathering Tests

ASTM D8164-19 石油产品 液体燃料和润滑剂测试用数字接触式温度计标准指南

Standard Guide for Digital Contact Thermometers for Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricant Testing

ASTM D8278-19 测量燃料和润滑剂流动特性的试验方法用数字接触温度计的标准规范

Standard Specification for Digital Contact Thermometers for Test Methods Measuring Flow Properties of Fuels and Lubricants

ASTM E608/E608M-13(2019) 矿物绝缘金属护套贱金属热电偶的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers the requirements for mineralinsulated, metal-sheathed base metal thermocouples for industrial or high-reliability applications. It applies specifically to thermocouples fabricated from sheathed thermocouple material in accordance with Specification E585/E585M. The specification provides for the selection of thermoelements, insulation, sheath material, measuring junction configuration, thermocouple assembly length, and the type of transition or termination. 1.2 This specification also includes provisions for either quality assurance or verification program requirements, or both, as a purchaser’s option. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Base Metal Thermocouples

ASTM E2877-12(2019) 数字式接触式温度计标准指南

1.1 This Guide describes general-purpose, digital contact thermometers (hereafter simply called “digital thermometers”) that provide temperature readings in units of degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit, or both. The different types of temperature sensors for these thermometers are described, and their relative merits are discussed. Nine accuracy classes are introduced for digital thermometers; these classes consider the accuracy of the sensor/measuring-instrument unit. 1.2 The proposed accuracy classes for digital thermometers pertain to the temperature interval of –200 °C to 500 °C, an interval of special interest for many applications in thermometry. All of the temperature sensor types for the digital thermometers discussed are able to measure temperature over at least some range within this interval. Some types are also able to measure beyond this interval. To qualify for an accuracy class, the thermometer must measure correctly to within a specified value (in units of °C) over this interval or over the subinterval in which it is capable of making measurements. Those thermometers that can measure temperature in ranges beyond this interval generally have larger measurement uncertainty in these ranges. 1.3 The digital thermometer sensors discussed are platinum resistance sensors, thermistors, and thermocouples. The range of use for these types of sensors is provided. The measurement uncertainty of a sensor is determined by its tolerance class or grade and whether the sensor has been calibrated. 1.4 This Guide provides a number of recommendations for the manufacture and selection of a digital thermometer. First, it recommends that the thermometer’s sensor conform to applicable ASTM specifications. Also, it recommends minimum standards for documentation on the thermometer and informational markings on the probe and measuring instrument. 1.5 The derived SI units (degrees Celsius) found in this Guide are to be considered standard. However, thermometers displaying degrees Fahrenheit are compliant with this guide as long as all other guidance is followed. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Guide for Digital Contact Thermometers

ASTM E2820-13(2019) 用于评估基极金属热电偶连接器的热EMF特性的标准测试方法

1.1 This standard describes a thermal emf test method for base-metal thermocouple connectors including Types E, J, K, N, and T. Standard connectors such as found in Specifications E1129/E1129M and E1684/E1684M as well as non-standard connector configurations and connector components can be evaluated using this method. 1.2 The measured emf is reported as an equivalent temperature deviation or error relative to a reference thermocouple of the same type. This method can be used to verify deviations introduced by the connector greater than or equal to 1°C. 1.3 The connector is tested with thermocouple contacts axially aligned with a temperature gradient using a specified thermal boundary condition. The actual temperature difference developed across the connector and corresponding error will depend on the connector design. 1.4 Connector contacts are often fabricated from raw materials having temperature-emf relationships in accordance with Specification E230/E230M. However, verifying Specification E230/E230M tolerances is not within the scope of this method. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Thermal EMF Properties of Base-Metal Thermocouple Connectors

ASTM E574-19 双金属基准金属热电偶线与玻璃纤维或二氧化硅纤维绝缘的标准规范

1.1 This specification sets forth the requirements for duplex, types E, J, K, N and T thermocouple wire, insulated with E-glass, S-glass, amorphous silica fiber or polycrystalline fiber. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Duplex, Base Metal Thermocouple Wire With Glass Fiber or Silica Fiber Insulation

ASTM E235/E235M-19 核或其他高可靠性应用的K型和N型矿物绝缘金属护套热电偶的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers the requirements for simplex, compacted mineral-insulated, metal-sheathed (MIMS), Type K and N thermocouples for nuclear or other high reliability service. Depending on size, these thermocouples are normally suitable for operating temperatures to 1652 °F [900 °C]; special conditions of environment and life expectancy may permit their use at temperatures in excess of 2012 °F [1100 °C]. This specification was prepared to detail requirements for this type of MIMS thermocouple for use in nuclear environments, but they can also be used for laboratory or general commercial applications where the environmental conditions exceed normal service requirements. The intended use of a MIMS thermocouple in a specific nuclear application will require evaluation of the compatibility of the thermocouple, including the effect of the temperature, atmosphere, and integrated neutron flux on the materials and accuracy of the thermoelements in the proposed application by the purchaser. 1.2 This specification does not attempt to include all possible specifications, standards, etc., for materials that may be used as sheathing, insulation, and thermocouple wires for sheathed-type construction. The requirements of this specification include only the austenitic stainless steels and other alloys as allowed by Specification E585/E585M for sheathing, magnesium oxide or aluminum oxide as insulation, and Type K and N thermocouple wires for thermoelements (see Note 1). 1.3 General Design—Nominal sizes of the finished thermocouples shall be 0.0400 in., 0.0625 in., 0.125 in., 0.1875 in., or 0.250 in. [1.000 mm, 1.500 mm, 3.000 mm, 4.500 mm, or 6.000 mm]. Sheath dimensions and tolerances for each nominal size shall be in accordance with Table 1 and Figs. 1 and 2. The measuring junction styles for thermocouples covered by this specification are as follows: 1.3.1 Style G2 (grounded)—The measuring junction is electrically connected to its conductive sheath, and 1.3.2 Style U2 (ungrounded)—The measuring junction is electrically isolated from its conductive sheath and from reference ground. 1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents or conversions; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Type K and Type N Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Thermocouples for Nuclear or for Other High-Reliability Applications

ASTM E2918-18a 热机械分析仪性能验证的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method provides procedures for validating temperature and length change measurements of thermomechanical analyzers (TMA) and analytical methods based upon the measurement of temperature and length change. Performance parameters include temperature repeatability, linearity, and bias; and dimension change repeatability, detection limit, quantitation limit, linearity, and bias. 1.2 Validation of apparatus performance and analytical methods is a necessary requirement for quality initiatives. Results may also be used for legal purposes. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Performance Validation of Thermomechanical Analyzers

ASTM E1363-18 热机械分析仪温度校准的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes the temperature calibration of thermomechanical analyzers from −50 °C to 1500 °C. (See Note 1.) 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use caution when handling mercury and mercurycontaining products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7 and Note 11. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Thermomechanical Analyzers