19.100 (Non-destructive testing) 标准查询与下载

ASTM E498-95(2000) 使用质谱仪检漏仪或残留气体分析仪进行探测模式的泄漏标准实践

1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing and locating the sources of gas leaking at the rate of 4.5 X 10 -14 mol/s (1 X 10 -9 Std cm3/s) or greater. The test may be conducted on any object to be tested that can be evacuated and to the other side of which helium or other tracer gas may be applied. 1.2 Three test methods are described: 1.2.1 Test Method A -For the object under test capable of being evacuated, but having no inherent pumping capability. 1.2.2 Test Method B -For the object under test with integral pumping capability. 1.2.3 Test Method C -For the object under test as in Test Method B, in which the vacuum pumps of the object under test replace those normally used in the leak detector. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific hazard statement can be found in 19.2.

Standard Test Methods for Leaks Using the Mass Spectrometer Leak Detector or Residual Gas Analyzer in the Tracer Probe Mode

ASTM E242-95(2000) 在某些参数改变时射线照相图像外观用标准参考射线照相

1.1 This document describes the appearance of a radiographic image where fundamental components of image quality are changed, that is, variables such as whether a X-ray or gamma ray source was used, the characteristics of the radiographic film and intensifying screens, and the geometrical configuration of the object under investigation as well as its associated radiographic set-up. 1.2 These reference radiographs consist of four composite illustrations and show how such factors as radiation energy, specimen thickness, and film properties affect the radiographic image. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Reference Radiographs for Appearances of Radiographic Images as Certain Parameters Are Changed

ASTM E499-95(2006) 探测器探针方式用质谱仪检漏器检漏的试验方法

Test Method A is frequently used to test large systems and complex piping installations that can be filled with a trace gas. Helium is normally used. The test method is used to locate leaks but cannot be used to quantify except for approximation. Care must be taken to provide sufficient ventilation to prevent increasing the helium background at the test site. Results are limited by the helium background and the percentage of the leaking trace gas captured by the probe. Test Method B is used to increase the concentration of trace gas coming through the leak by capturing it within an enclosure until the signal above the helium background can be detected. By introducing a calibrated leak into the same volume for a recorded time interval, leak rates can be measured.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing and locating the sources of gas leaking at the rate of 4.5 x 10 13 mol/s (1 x 108 Std cm 3/s) or greater. The test may be conducted on any device or component across which a pressure differential of helium or other suitable tracer gas may be created, and on which the effluent side of the leak to be tested is accessible for probing with the mass spectrometer sampling probe.1.2 Two test methods are described:1.2.1 Test Method A - Direct probing, and1.2.2 Test Method B - Accumulation.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Leaks Using the Mass Spectrometer Leak Detector in the Detector Probe Mode

ASTM E996-94(1999) 俄歇电子能谱分析和X射线光电子光谱分析数据报告的标准规程

1.1 Auger and x-ray photoelectron spectra are obtained using a variety of excitation methods, analyzers, signal processing, and digitizing techniques. 1.2 This practice lists the desirable information that shall be reported to fully describe the experimental conditions, specimen conditions, data recording procedures, and data transformation processes. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Reporting Data in Auger Electron Spectroscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

ASTM F1512-94(2011) 溅射目标垫板部件的超声波C扫描粘结评估的标准操作规程

This practice supplements Practice E1001 by indicating specific equipment choices and test arrangements appropriate for evaluating sputtering target bonds. The bond between sputtering target and its supporting backing plate is a critical reliability element in a sputter deposition system. A bond must have high thermal conductivity to provide adequate target cooling during sputtering. The target-backing plate joint must also have strength enough to withstand the shear stresses caused by differential thermal expansion between target and backing plate. Flaws in a bond, for example, voids in the joining material, degrade bond performance. An inadequate bond may fail in service, potentially causing catastrophic separation of the target from the backing plate. Assurance of sound bonds is an important concern among users of sputtering equipment. Ultrasonic testing is accepted as an efficient method for evaluating target bonds, but differences in technique inhibit intercomparison of results from one laboratory to another. This practice is intended to promote uniformity in use so that specifications for bond integrity may be universally applied. The C-span display of ultrasonic test data is a direct method for visually demonstrating bond character. Practice E1001 upon which this practice is modeled, however, does not address C-scan display. Instructions specific to the C-scan display mode are indicated in this practice. In other respects this practice is a section by section commentary on Practice E1001.1.1 This practice describes a method for ultrasonic mapping of the soundness of a bond joining a sputtering target to its supporting backing plate. The results of the examination may be used in predicting the target-backing plate assembly''s suitability for use. Accept/reject standards are not specified; these are subject to agreement between target supplier and user, depending upon the application requirements. 1.2 This standard is intended to be used with Practice E1001. 1.3 The method reveals unbonded areas 0.125 in. (3 mm) in diameter and larger. The technique permits, for example, unambiguous quantitative measurement of the voided area in solder bonds. 1.3.1 This technique may also show regions in which bond integrity is marginally degraded by imperfect adhesion, for example, areas in which oxide inclusion has inhibited the development of full bond strength. Evaluation of indications of degraded bond areas may vary in rigor from purely subjective to semiquantitative. Target supplier and user must agree upon the means used to display and grade partially bonded areas. 1.4 This practice is applicable to assemblies having planar bonds in which the design provides at least one flat plane parallel to the bond that may be used as the entry/exit surface for ultrasonic excitation. 1.5 Only the immersion pulse-echo method is covered. 1.6 Evaluation by this method is intended to be nondestructive. For target assemblies that would be degraded by immersion in demineralized water, for example, for porous target materials, the test should be considered a destructive one. 1.7 This practice is applicable to bonding methods that use a filler material to join the target and backing plate. These include solder, epoxy, and braze bonds. 1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are prov......

Standard Practice for Ultrasonic C-Scan Bond Evaluation of Sputtering Target-Backing Plate Assemblies

ASTM E1165-92(2002) 用针孔成像法测量工业X射线管焦点的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method provides instructions for determining the length and width dimensions of line focal spots in industrial X-ray tubes (see Note 1). This determination is based on the measurement of an image of a focal spot that has been radiographically recorded with a "pinhole" projection/imaging technique. Note 18212;Line focal spots are associated with vacuum X-ray tubes whose maximum voltage rating does not generally exceed 500 kV.1.2 This test method may not yield meaningful results on focal spots whose nominal size is less than 0.3 mm (0.011 in.). (See Note 2.) Note 28212;The X-ray tube manufacturer may be contacted for nominal focal spot dimensions.1.3 This test method may also be used to determine the presence or extent of focal spot damage or deterioration that may have occurred due to tube age, tube overloading, and the like. This would entail the production of a focal spot radiograph (with the pinhole method) and an evaluation of the resultant image for pitting, cracking, and the like.1.4 Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Inch-pound units are provided for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Focal Spots of Industrial X-Ray Tubes by Pinhole Imaging

ASTM E1114-92(1997)e1 测定铱-192钴-60硒-75工业射线源尺寸的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the focal size of an iridium-192 radiographic source. The determination is based upon measurement of the image of the iridium metal source in a projection radiograph of the source assembly and comparison to the measurement of the image of a reference sample in the same radiograph. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining the Focal Size of Iridium-192 Industrial Radiographic Sources

ASTM E803-91(2013) 测定中子射线照相束L/D比率的标准试验方法

4.1 The quality of a neutron radiographic image is dependent upon many factors. The L/D ratio is one of those factors and constitutes a numerical definition of the geometry of the neutron beam. The L/D ratio required for a specific neutron radiographic examination is dependent upon the thickness of the specimen and the physical characteristics of the particular element of interest. Use of this test method allows the radiographer and the user to determine and periodically check the effective collimation ratio. 1.1 This test method defines an empirical technique for the measurement of the effective collimation ratio, L/D, of neutron radiography beams. The technique is based upon analysis of a neutron radiographic image and is independent of measurements and calculations based on physical dimensions of the collimator system. The values derived by this technique should be more accurate than those based on physical measurements, particularly for poorly defined apertures.

Standard Test Method for Determining the L/D?Ratio of Neutron Radiography Beams

ASTM E803-91(2002) 中子射线照相束长度直径比测定的标准试验方法

The quality of a neutron radiographic image is dependent upon many factors. The L/D ratio is one of those factors and constitutes a numerical definition of the geometry of the neutron beam. The L/D ratio required for a specific neutron radiographic examination is dependent upon the thickness of the specimen and the physical characteristics of the particular element of interest. Use of this test method allows the radiographer and the user to determine and periodically check the effective collimation ratio.1.1 This method defines an empirical technique for the measurement of the effective collimation ratio, L/D , of neutron radiography beams. The technique is based upon analysis of a neutron radiographic image and is independent of measurements and calculations based on physical dimensions of the collimator system. The values derived by this technique should be more accurate than those based on physical measurements, particularly for poorly defined apertures.

Standard Test Method for Determining the L/D Ratio of Neutron Radiography Beams

ASTM E1390-90(2000) 工业射线照相用照明器的标准规范

1.1 This guide provides the recommended minimum requirements for illuminators used for viewing industrial film radiographs using transmitted light. 1.2 The illuminator has to ensure the same safety for personnel, or users of any electric apparatus, as specified by electrical standards applicable in the country in which the illuminator is used.

Standard Guide for Illuminators Used for Viewing Industrial Radiographs