37.100.10 (Reproduction equipment) 标准查询与下载

ASTM F685-96(2001) 测定在使用单一成分调色剂系统的非加热固定复印机中调色剂的使用率、效率及撒粉度

1.1 This practice covers the determination of toner usage, efficiency of toner deposition on an imaged copy, and dusting in those nonheat fixing copiers utilizing a single-component toner. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 8 and 10.19.2 for specific precautionary and cautionary statements.

Standard Practice for Determining Toner Usage, Efficiency, and Dusting Nonheat Fixing Copiers Using Single-Component Toner Systems

ASTM F1571-95(2008) 由办公复制品产生的图象抗磨抗污性能测定的标准试验方法(萨瑟兰法)

This test method is designed to simulate the type of damage resulting from paper rubbing against a printed image. The primary method of evaluation is either reflectance or optical density readings. Depending upon the objective of the test, comparison of either the image or the area adjacent to the image is evaluated before and after rubbing. This test method can be used for control of product quality as well as a research and development tool. As written this test method is intended for use only with impact printed images involving ribbons. However, it can be modified to evaluate other types of business images such as those produced by non-impact printers and copiers, ink jet printers, and thermal transfer printers. The degree of image transferred by rubbing from a printed image can be affected by various factors including the type of printer, the condition of the unit, supplies employed, time since imaging, and environmental conditions. As many as possible of these variables should be controlled during the test. A control sample with known characteristics, if available, should be run along with the test samples. 1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the amount of image transferred from one site and redeposited at another site (smudge) on a document. The Sutherland Ink Rub Tester with 4-lb (1.82-kg) test block is the test instrument for producing the transfer and either a reflectometer or densitometer is employed for measuring the change in images. Alternatively, a visual rating order can be employed to establish a ranking order. The degree to which the original image is unaltered upon rubbing is considered to be the abrasion resistance. 1.2 This test method can be employed to evaluate the smudge resistance of business imaging products produced by typewriters, and impact printers. 1.3 This test method can also be employed to measure performance characteristics for a product. The user should select test equipment that is appropriate for measuring the degree of abrasion to the samples. Samples are tested before and after rubbing and comparisons of results made. In this test method product performance evaluations are optional. 1.4 Other test methods employing the Crockmeter, Taber Abrader, and Gavarti GA-C.A.T. can be employed to evaluate the smudge and abrasion characteristics. Results by these units are not necessarily equivalent to those obtained with the Sutherland. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Abrasion and Smudge Resistance of Images Produced from Business Copy Products (Sutherland Method)

ASTM F757-94e1 复制和复制印刷设备能量消耗测定的标准试验方法

1.1 This procedure provides a test method by which copiers, copier-duplicators, accessories, and similar office imaging devices may be rated for energy consumption. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining Energy Consumption of Copier and Copier-Duplicating Equipment

ASTM F1319-94(2005) 测定商务复印设备复制图形的防污损性能的测试方法(耐磨色牢度测定器法)

The degree of image transferred by rubbing (crock) from a copy or printed image can be affected by various factors including the type of machine, the condition of the machine, supplies employed, time since imaging (ribbons) and environmental conditions. As many as possible of these variables should be controlled during the test. A control sample with known characteristics, if available, should be run along with the test samples. The test is designed to simulate the type of damage resulting from paper rubbing against the printed image. The test method can be used for control of product quality as well as a research and development tool. The method is adaptable to images produced from most types of impact and non-impact printers and copiers. Two different printers employing the same technology may yield prints with variations in optical densities. It may be possible to remove more toner or ink from the darker image yet the performance of the smudged image may be satisfactory. An optional evaluation procedure is available whereby the functional properties of the smudged or abraded image is examined if this is of primary concern.1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the amount of image transferred onto the surface of a white cloth by rubbing.1.2 The test method can be employed to evaluate the abrasion and smudge resistance of business imaging products produced by impact printers, thermal transfer printers, and non-impact printers or copiers.1.3 The test method can be used to evaluate the amount of material removed from the sample (smudge or crock). Testing focuses on determining the amount of material deposited on the crockmeter cloth or redeposited in a new location on the sample. The test method can also be employed to measure performance characteristics for a product. The user should select test equipment which is appropriate for measuring the abrasion to the samples. Samples are tested before and after rubbing and comparisons of results made. In this test method product performance evaluations are optional.1.4 Other test methods employing the Sutherland rub tester, Taber Abrader and Gavarti GA-C.A.T. can be employed to evaluate the smudge and abrasion characteristics. Results by these units are not necessarily equivalent to those obtained with the Crockmeter.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Abrasion and Smudge Resistance of Images Produced from Business Copy Products (Crockmeter Method)

ASTM F875-94(2009) 办公室复印机大范围浓度和底色评定用测试方法

The copy image quality is affected by many factors; including the copier, supplies, and environmental conditions. The density and background image quality is particularly significant relative to aesthetic appearance, the visual impression of blackness, and the ability to distinguish information from background. The test target may also be used to evaluate the copier or supplies. 1.1 This test method covers the description and method of use for a density and background test target for office copier image evaluation. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 8.

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Large Area Density and Background on Office Copiers

ASTM F1319-94(2011) 测定办公复制品产生的图象抗磨抗污性能的标准试验方法 (Crockmeter法)

1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the amount of image transferred onto the surface of a white cloth by rubbing. 1.2 The test method can be employed to evaluate the abrasion and smudge resistance of business imaging products produced by impact printers, thermal transfer printers, and non-impact printers or copiers. 1.3 The test method can be used to evaluate the amount of material removed from the sample (smudge or crock). Testing focuses on determining the amount of material deposited on the crockmeter cloth or redeposited in a new location on the sample. The test method can also be employed to measure performance characteristics for a product. The user should select test equipment which is appropriate for measuring the abrasion to the samples. Samples are tested before and after rubbing and comparisons of results made. In this test method product performance evaluations are optional. 1.4 Other test methods employing the Sutherland rub tester, Taber Abrader and Gavarti GA-C.A.T. can be employed to evaluate the smudge and abrasion characteristics. Results by these units are not necessarily equivalent to those obtained with the Crockmeter. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Abrasion and Smudge Resistance of Images Produced from Business Copy Products (Crockmeter Method)

ASTM F1319-94(2000) 测定办公复制品产生的图象抗磨抗污性能的标准试验方法 (Crockmeter法)

1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the amount of image transferred onto the surface of a white cloth by rubbing. 1.2 The test method can be employed to evaluate the abrasion and smudge resistance of business imaging products produced by impact printers, thermal transfer printers, and non-impact printers or copiers. 1.3 The test method can be used to evaluate the amount of material removed from the sample (smudge or crock). Testing focuses on determining the amount of material deposited on the crockmeter cloth or redeposited in a new location on the sample. The test method can also be employed to measure performance characteristics for a product. The user should select test equipment which is appropriate for measuring the abrasion to the samples. Samples are tested before and after rubbing and comparisons of results made. In this test method product performance evaluations are optional. 1.4 Other test methods employing the Sutherland rub tester, Taber Abrader and Gavarti GA-C.A.T. can be employed to evaluate the smudge and abrasion characteristics. Results by these units are not necessarily equivalent to those obtained with the Crockmeter. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Abrasion and Smudge Resistance of Images Produced from Business Copy Products (Crockmeter Method)

ASTM F875-94(1998) 办公室复印机大范围浓度和底色评定用测试方法

1.1 This test method covers the description and method of use for a density and background test target for office copier image evaluation. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 8.

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Large Area Density and Background on Office Copiers

ASTM F875-94(2003) 办公室复印机大范围浓度和底色评定用测试方法

1.1 This test method covers the description and method of use for a density and background test target for office copier image evaluation. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 8.

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Large Area Density and Background on Office Copiers

ASTM F875-94(2003)e1 办公室复印机大范围浓度和底色评定用测试方法

The copy image quality is affected by many factors; including the copier, supplies, and environmental conditions. The density and background image quality is particularly significant relative to aesthetic appearance, the visual impression of blackness, and the ability to distinguish information from background. The test target may also be used to evaluate the copier or supplies. 1.1 This test method covers the description and method of use for a density and background test target for office copier image evaluation. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 8.

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Large Area Density and Background on Office Copiers

ASTM F1443-93(2003) 作为测量商业拷贝影像视频成像质量检验仪器使用的0.008-in,(0.203mm)孔反光白度计

This practice enables image quality evaluation on samples generated by various imaging systems. It can be used to conduct investigations, including image reflectance, sharpness, voids, character width, and degradation of materials. The test instruments can be used for research and development projects as well as for manufacturing control.1.1 This practice covers the use of the reflectance-type optical character testers with a 0.008-in. (0.203-mm) aperture as test instruments for measuring image quality.1.2 Although other systems may be available, this practice covers two of the most commonly used instruments; the Clearwave 082 Optical Character Tester and the Macbeth Print Contrast Meter.1.3 These instruments also have the capability of predicting machine readability of documents. This practice does not address this capability.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Using 0.008-in. (0.203-mm) Aperture Reflectometers as Test Instruments for Measuring Visual Image Quality of Business Copy Images

ASTM F1424-92(2006) 在全色复制器中利用单或双成分干调色剂评定调色剂使用法的测试

This test method can be used to evaluate the performance of different toners in a common machine. It can also be used to evaluate the economics of toner usage when making machine-to-machine cost-per-copy comparisons. This test method provides only a point of estimate that is subject to a significant number of variables that are not easily measured. Toner-based imaging systems are not 100 % efficient. Some toner is lost to the surroundings (inside or outside of the copier). This loss may be significant enough to affect the total number of copies produced by a specific amount of toner. Anyone making a decision based on the results of this test method should carefully consider the accuracy of the results and other pertinent data. Actual use of the copier in normal operating conditions will most likely result in toner usage values different from those generated in this test method.1.1 This test method describes a procedure for estimating the number of copies that can be produced for a given unit of toner in a full-color copier using dry mono- or dual-component development.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards, see Section 9.

Standard Test Method for Estimating Toner Usage in Full-Color Copiers Utilizing Dry Mono- or Dual-Component Toners

ASTM F1424-92(2001) 在全色复制器中利用单或双成分干调色剂评定调色剂使用法的测试

1.1 This test method describes a procedure for estimating the number of copies that can be produced for a given unit of toner in a full-color copier using dry mono- or dual-component development. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards, see Section 9.

Standard Test Method for Estimating Toner Usage in Full-Color Copiers Utilizing Dry Mono-or-Dual-Component Toners

ASTM F1424-92(2011) 在全色复制器中利用单或双成分干调色剂评定调色剂使用法的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes a procedure for estimating the number of copies that can be produced for a given unit of toner in a full-color copier using dry mono- or dual-component development. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards, see Section 9.

Standard Test Method for Estimating Toner Usage in Full-Color Copiers Utilizing Dry Mono- or Dual-Component Toners

ASTM D5181-91(1997)e1 用GA-CAT综合磨损试验机测定印刷物耐磨损的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the abrasion resistance of printed matter using a GA-CAT Comprehensive Abrasion Tester. 1.2 This test method is applicable to packaging labels, book, catalog, and magazine covers, bar codes, corrugated boxes, and other containers having applied graphics on any flat substrate. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Printed Matter by the GA-CAT Comprehensive Abrasion Tester

ASTM F1318-90(2003) 使用不同配置的静电复制设备生产能力的测试方法

This test method is used to determine the copy per minute rating (productivity) of electrostatic copiers under standard conditions. It measures the time required to copy a specific standard load on a copy machine. This productivity value is to be compared to the repeat copy rate for the same machine to see if there is a change in the efficiency of the machine when various accessories or combinations of accessories are added to or used on the machine, or when the work load changes. It can also be used to compare the efficiencies of different but similarly equipped copy machines. It is suitable for productivity evaluation by the user, and in research and development.1.1 This test method covers the determination of productivity using electrostatic copy machines with various combinations of accessories and in different operating modes. 1.2 The results from this test method will enable copy machine users to compare the productivity of similarly equipped copiers to each other or the productivity of a copy machine can be compared with itself in its various configurations. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Productivity Using Electrostatic Copy Machines with Various Configurations

ASTM F1318-90(2009) 使用不同配置的静电复制设备生产能力的标准试验方法

This test method is used to determine the copy per minute rating (productivity) of electrostatic copiers under standard conditions. It measures the time required to copy a specific standard load on a copy machine. This productivity value is to be compared to the repeat copy rate for the same machine to see if there is a change in the efficiency of the machine when various accessories or combinations of accessories are added to or used on the machine, or when the work load changes. It can also be used to compare the efficiencies of different but similarly equipped copy machines. It is suitable for productivity evaluation by the user, and in research and development.1.1 This test method covers the determination of productivity using electrostatic copy machines with various combinations of accessories and in different operating modes. 1.2 The results from this test method will enable copy machine users to compare the productivity of similarly equipped copiers to each other or the productivity of a copy machine can be compared with itself in its various configurations. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Productivity Using Electrostatic Copy Machines with Various Configurations

ASTM F1318-90(1998) 使用不同配置的静电复制设备生产能力的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of productivity using electrostatic copy machines with various combinations of accessories and in different operating modes. 1.2 The results from this test method will enable copy machine users to compare the productivity of similarly equipped copiers to each other or the productivity of a copy machine can be compared with itself in its various configurations. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Productivity Using Electrostatic Copy Machines with Various Configurations

ASTM F1125-87(2000) 冲击式打印系统中成象质量的标准术语

1.1 This terminology presents a means to accurately describe the quality of impact printed images. This includes an up-to-date glossary and a description of probable causes for specific phenomena that relate to image quality. Illustrations to complement the definitions of copy quality terms are included.

Standard Terminology of Image Quality in Impact Printing Systems

ASTM F1125-87(2011) 冲击式打印系统中成象质量的标准术语

1.1 This terminology presents a means to accurately describe the quality of impact printed images. This includes an up-to-date glossary and a description of probable causes for specific phenomena that relate to image quality. Illustrations to complement the definitions of copy quality terms are included.

Standard Terminology of Image Quality in Impact Printing Systems