75.100 (Lubricants, industrial oils and related pr 标准查询与下载

ASTM D6121-08 在低速和高扭矩条件下评定准双曲面驱动轴用润滑剂承载能力的标准试验方法

This test method measures a lubricant''s ability to protect final drive axles from abrasive wear, adhesive wear, plastic deformation, and surface fatigue when subjected to low-speed, high-torque conditions. Lack of protection can lead to premature gear or bearing failure, or both. This test method is used, or referred to, in the following documents: American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication 1560. STP-512A. SAE J308. Military Specification MIL-PRF-2105E. SAE J2360.1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-37 test. This test method covers a test procedure for evaluating the load-carrying, wear, and extreme pressure properties of a gear lubricant in a hypoid axle under conditions of low-speed, high-torque operation. 1.2 This test method also provides for the running of the low axle temperature (Canadian) L-37 test. The procedure for the low axle temperature (Canadian) L-37 test is identical to the standard L-37 test with the exceptions of the items specifically listed in Annex A6. The procedure modifications listed in Annex A6 refer to the corresponding section of the standard L-37 test method. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 4 and 7.

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Load-Carrying Capacity of Lubricants Under Conditions of Low Speed and High Torque Used for Final Hypoid Drive Axles

ASTM D4857-08 测定润滑油最大限度减少除外置发动机外二冲程油发动机中活塞环胶结和活塞沉积物的能力的试验方法

This test method is primarily intended for the evaluation of lubricants for use in two-stroke-cycle engines of high specific output. Note 18212;If the test method is being used to satisfy a portion of Specification D 4859, refer to the specification for the pass-fail criteria.1.1 This test method evaluates the performance of lubricants intended for use in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines that are particularly prone to ring sticking. Piston varnish and spark plug fouling are also evaluated. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of the Ability of Lubricants to Minimize Ring Sticking and Piston Deposits in Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engines Other Than Outboards

ASTM D2273-08(2012) 润滑油中痕量沉积物的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of trace amounts (less than 0.05 volume8201;%) of sediment in lubricating oils. Since oil-soluble material precipitated by the specified solvent is not intended as part of the measured sediment, the test method is not applicable in cases where precipitated oil-soluble components will appreciably contribute to the sediment readings. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Trace Sediment in Lubricating Oils

ASTM D4858-08 测定润滑油对改进二冲程循环汽油发动机预燃倾向的标准试验方法

Two-stroke-cycle gasoline engines are generally more prone to preignition than are four-stroke-cycle engines due to the absence of the internal cooling that takes place during the induction stroke of the four-stroke-cycle engines. Preignition can lead to major piston damage, either directly due to localized overheating or as the result of preignition-induced detonation. Some lubricant additives that are widely used in four-stroke-cycle gasoline engine oils are known to increase the probability of preignition in gasoline two-stroke-cycle engines. This procedure is used to determine the tendency of an oil to induce preignition in both water-cooled and air-cooled two-stroke-cycle gasoline engines.1.1 This test method evaluates the performance of lubricants intended for use in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines which are prone to preignition. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of the Tendency of Lubricants to Promote Preignition in Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engines

ASTM D4859-08 二冲程循环汽油发动机用润滑油的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers lubricants intended for use in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines, typically other than outboard motors, that are particularly prone to ring sticking, but which are also liable to suffer damage arising from deposit induced preignition, piston scuff, spark plug fouling and piston varnish. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

Standard Specification for Lubricants for Two-Stroke-Cycle Spark-Ignition Gasoline Engines-TC

ASTM D4863-08 测定二冲程循环汽油发动机润滑剂润滑性的标准试验方法

The oil in a two-stroke-cycle gasoline engine is either mixed with the fuel prior to use or is metered into the fuel supply at, or at some point prior to, its passage into the engine crankcase. The possibility of the amount of oil actually present in the engine being less than optimum always exists. Also, with some oil metering systems short periods of operation with less oil than desirable can occur when the power is increased suddenly. It has also been found that the incidence of piston scuff early in the life of the engine may be related to the lubricity of the oil used as defined by test procedures of this type.1.1 This test method evaluates the ability of lubricants to minimize piston and bore scuffing in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Lubricity of Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engine Lubricants

ASTM D4684-08 发动机油在低温下表观粘度和弯曲应力测定的试验方法

When an engine oil is cooled, the rate and duration of cooling can affect its yield stress and viscosity. In this laboratory test, a fresh engine oil is slowly cooled through a temperature range where wax crystallization is known to occur, followed by relatively rapid cooling to the final test temperature. These laboratory test results have predicted as failures the known engine oils that have failed in the field because of lack of oil pumpability. These documented field failing oils have all consisted of oils normally tested at –25°C. These field failures are believed to be the result of the oil forming a gel structure that results in either excessive yield stress or viscosity of the engine oil, or both. Cooling Profiles: For oils to be tested at −20°C or colder, Table X1.1 applies. The cooling profile described in Table X1.1 is based on the viscosity properties of the ASTM Pumpability Reference Oils (PRO). This series of oils includes oils with normal low-temperature flow properties and oils that have been associated with low-temperature pumpability problems (1-5). Significance for the −35 and −40°C temperature profiles is based on the data collected from the “Cold Starting and Pumpability Studies in Modern Engines” conducted by ASTM (6,7). For oils to be tested at −15 or −10°C, Table X1.2 applies. No significance has been determined for this temperature profile because of the absence of appropriate reference oils. Similarly, precision of the test method using this profile for the −10°C test temperature is unknown. The temperature profile of Table X1.2 is derived from the one in Table X1.1 and has been moved up in temperature, relative to Table X1.1, in consideration of the expected higher cloud points of the viscous oils tested at −15 and −10°C.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the yield stress and viscosity of engine oils after cooling at controlled rates over a period exceeding 45 h to a final test temperature between –10 and –40°C. The viscosity measurements are made at a shear stress of 525 Pa over a shear rate of 0.4 to 15 s–1. The viscosity as measured at this shear stress was found to produce the best correlation between the temperature at which the viscosity reached a critical value and borderline pumping failure temperature in engines. 1.2 This test method contain two procedures: Procedure A incorporates several equipment and procedural modifications from Test Method D 4684–02 that have shown to improve the precision of the test, while Procedure B is unchanged from Test Method D 4684–02. Additionally, Procedure A applies to those instruments that utilize thermoelectric cooling technology or direct refrigeration technology of recent manufacture for instrument temperature control. Procedure B can use the same instruments used in Procedure A or those cooled by circulating methanol. 1.3 Procedure A of this test method......

Standard Test Method for Determination of Yield Stress and Apparent Viscosity of Engine Oils at Low Temperature

ASTM D2273-08 润滑油中痕量沉积物的标准试验方法

This test measures the trace level amount of sediment that is naphtha-insoluble and can be separated by centrifuging. Excessive amounts of sediment in oil could lead to system malfunction in critical applications.1.1 This test method covers the determination of trace amounts (less than 0.05 volume %) of sediment in lubricating oils. Since oil-soluble material precipitated by the specified solvent is not intended as part of the measured sediment, the test method is not applicable in cases where precipitated oil-soluble components will appreciably contribute to the sediment readings. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Trace Sediment in Lubricating Oils

ASTM D3828-07 用小刻度闭杯试验器测定闪点的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the determination of the flash point by a small scale closed tester. The procedures may be used to determine the actual flash point temperature of a sample or whether a product will or will not flash at a specified temperature (flash/no flash).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning statements appear throughout. See also the Material Safety Data Sheets for the product being tested.

Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester

ASTM D4485-07a 活性API服务类别发动机油性能标准规范

1.1 This specification covers engine oils for light-duty and heavy-duty internal combustion engines used under a variety of operating conditions in automobiles, trucks, vans, buses, and off-highway farm, industrial, and construction equipment. 1.2 This specification is not intended to cover engine oil applications such as outboard motors, snowmobiles, lawn mowers, motorcycles, railroad locomotives, or ocean-going vessels. 1.3 This specification is based on engine test results that generally have been correlated with results obtained on reference oils in actual service engines operating with gasoline or diesel fuel. As it pertains to the API SL engine oil category, it is based on engine test results that generally have been correlated with results obtained on reference oils run in gasoline engine Sequence Tests that defined engine oil categories prior to 2000. It should be recognized that not all aspects of engine oil performance are evaluated by the engine tests in this specification. In addition, when assessing oil performance, it is desirable that the oil be evaluated under actual operating conditions. 1.4 This specification includes bench and chemical tests that help evaluate some aspects of engine oil performance not covered by the engine tests in this specification. 1.5 The values stated in either SI units or other units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.6 The test procedures referred to in this specification that are not yet standards are listed in Table 1.

Standard Specification for Performance of Engine Oils

ASTM D2982-07 检测已用润滑油中乙二醇基防冻剂的标准试验方法

Leakage of glycol-base antifreeze into the crankcase is serious because the coolant tends to interfere with the lubricant and its ability to lubricate; it also promotes sludging. Ethylene glycol present in the coolant can increase varnish deposit formation in the crankcase as a result of glycol oxidation and the interaction between glycol and lubricant. Furthermore, because glycol is a higher boiling material than water, it will tend to stay longer in the crankcase oil than water. Lubricant displacement, sludging, and deposit formation all lead to engine malfunction and possible seizure. These tests are designed to detect glycol-base coolant contamination even at low levels because early detection enables corrective measures to be taken to prevent leaking coolant from accumulating and seriously damaging the engine. These test methods are also significant because the reagents can be packaged as a field kit, and the procedure can be followed at the site where there is a concern.1.1 These test methods cover the qualitative determination of glycol-base antifreeze in used lubricating oils (mineral base) by two procedures, one using reagents in tablet form and the other using laboratory shelf reagents. Principally the test methods detect ethylene glycol but will also detect other 1,2-glycols that may be present. 1.1.1 When a positive result is obtained and a sample of the unused oil is available, the unused oil is also tested and used as a reference. Note 18212;Since the inception of this test method (1971), there have been many changes in base stock technology and additive technology. Therefore, when available, the new, unused oil, or a sample of the same used oil, known to not contain antifreeze, is tested as a reference. 1.2 The tablet procedure (Procedure A) is sensitive to about 100 mg/kg and the shelf reagent procedure (Procedure B) to about 300 mg/kg of ethylene glycol. 1.3 Glycol-based coolant leaks into crankcases may not be detected or may result in a low bias using these test methods if the glycol has degraded or been thermally or otherwise oxidized. The conditions in crankcases may be such that contaminant glycols are oxidized or degraded to a degree to which the color indicator reaction does not occur or is biased enough so as to not trigger the color change. Other test methods for the detection of coolants or coolant additives in lubricating oils should be used if the results from these test methods alone are inconclusive or questionable. 1.4 Carbohydrates such as sugars and sugar-containing substances are sometimes used for sabotage purposes. If the presence of these substances is suspected, Procedure A contains a modification to remove these interferences. 1.5 Both procedures are adaptable to field kit use, and brief descriptions for converting to field kit form are given in Annex A1. Commercial field testing kits are available. , 1.6 The results obtained by this method are qualitative expressions. However, for the preparation of reagents and in the procedures, acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Detecting Glycol-Base Antifreeze in Used Lubricating Oils

ASTM D7320-07 评估序列IIIG火花点火发动机中汽车发动机油的标准试验方法

This test method was developed to evaluate automotive engine oils for protection against oil thickening and engine wear during moderately high-speed, high-temperature service. The increase in oil viscosity obtained in this test indicates the tendency of an oil to thicken because of oxidation. In automotive service, such thickening can cause oil pump starvation and resultant catastrophic engine failures. The deposit ratings for an oil indicate the tendency for the formation of deposits throughout the engine, including those that can cause sticking of the piston rings in their grooves. This can be involved in the loss of compression pressures in the engine. The camshaft and lifter wear values obtained in this test provide a measure of the anti-wear quality of an oil under conditions of high unit pressure mechanical contact. The test method was developed to correlate with oils of known good and poor protection against oil thickening and engine wear. Specially formulated oils that produce less than desirable results with unleaded fuels were also used during the development of this test. The Sequence IIIG engine oil test has replaced the Sequence IIIF test and can be used in specifications and classifications of engine lubricating oils, such as the following: 5.6.1 Specification D 4485, 5.6.2 Military Specification MIL-PRF-2104, and 5.6.3 SAE Classification J183.1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for evaluating automotive engine oils for certain high-temperature performance characteristics, including oil thickening, varnish deposition, oil consumption, as well as engine wear. Such oils include both single viscosity grade and multiviscosity grade oils that are used in both spark-ignition, gasoline-fueled engines, as well as in diesel engines.Note 18212;Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in SAE J304.1.2 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only. The only exception is where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and tubing size.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are provided in 6.14.1.1 and 7.1.1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:SectionIntroductionScope1Referenced Documents2Terminology3Summary of Test Method4Significance and Use5Apparatus6Laboratory6.1Drawings6.2Specified Equipment6.3Test Engine6.4Engine Parts6.4.1Engine Speed and Load Control6.5Fluid Conditioning Module6.6Engine Cooling System6.6.1Flushing Tank6.7Coolant Mixing Tank6.8Condenser Cooling Systems6.9Engine Oil-Cooling System6.10Fuel System6.11Induction Air Supply Humidity, Temperature, and Pressure6.12Temperature Measurement6.13Thermocouple Location6.13.1

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine

ASTM D5964-07(2014) ASTM 1号、ASTM 2号和ASTM 3号油用橡胶IRM 901、IRM 902和IRM 903替代油的标准实施规程

3.1 The reference immersion oils described in this practice are required for the development of oil-resistant rubber compounds for use in environments where contact with petroleum-based solvents and oils is encountered. Tests for tensile strength, percent elongation at break, hardness, and percent volume swell are performed after a specified immersion time period (at a specified temperature) in the evaluation of oil-resistant rubbers. The results of such testing by rubber product manufacturers and their customers are used to develop oil-resistant rubbers or compounds, or both. 3.2 Testing with ASTM Oils No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 is used to verify compliance with purchase specifications which reference the oil-resistant classes of rubbers and elastomers listed in Table8201;6 of Classification D2000. These oils are also used in comparative performance evaluation testing of O-rings and O-ring compounds as cited in Test Methods D1414. The use of these reference oils is required for the development and selection of oil-resistant rubber compounds having acceptable or optimum performance characteristics, or both. 1.1 This practice covers three immersion oils to be used as replacements for ASTM No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 immersion oils as called for in Test Method D471. The immersion oils will be designated as IRM 901 as a replacement for ASTM No. 1 oil, IRM 902 as a replacement for ASTM No. 2 oil, and IRM 903 as a replacement for ASTM No. 3 oil. The new reference oils have been developed under a new Committee D11 policy on reference materials (see Practice D4678 for background on the new policy and procedures). 1.2 The oils, IRM 901, IRM 902, and IRM 903, are similar but not fully equivalent to ASTM No.1, ASTM No. 2, and ASTM No. 3 oil, respectively. Refer to Table 1 for a description of the typical properties and specifications for these oils. 1.3 This practice gives the necessary background and details on the changeover from the previous oils to the new oils. See Annex A1 for additional information on the commercial oils selected to replace ASTM No. 2 and No. 3 oil and the test program conducted for this selection process. The changeover from ASTM to IRM oils is proposed in two steps: 1.3.1 Step 1—A transition phase that makes use of the Equivalent Volume Swell (EVS) for each of the two replacement oils. EVS(902) is the ASTM No. 2 percent volume swell value calculated from the measured percent volume swell value using IRM 902 as the immersion liquid. A similar calculation can be used to calculate the analogous EVS(903) and EVS(903) values. The EVS value is obtained as a correction of the measured IRM 901, 902, or 903 percent volume swell value. The EVS values may be used to determine if volume swell specifications are met when the specifications are expressed in terms of ASTM No. 1, No. 2, or No. 3 limits, and 1.3.2 Step 2—A longer term policy change or conversion of specifications from ASTM No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 values to IRM 901, 902, and 903 values. 1.4 The EVS values are calculated on the basis of “correction equations” derived from one of two sources. 1.4.1 Correction equations derived from the results of the comprehensive evaluation program conducted to select each of the two replacement oils from a group of three candidate oils for ASTM No. 2 and No. 3 oils. This program is d......

Standard Practice for Rubber IRM 901, IRM 902, and IRM 903 Replacement Oils forASTM No. 1, ASTM No. 2, and ASTM No. 3 Oils

ASTM D7320-07a 评估序列IIIG火花点火发动机中汽车发动机油的标准试验方法

This test method was developed to evaluate automotive engine oils for protection against oil thickening and engine wear during moderately high-speed, high-temperature service. The increase in oil viscosity obtained in this test indicates the tendency of an oil to thicken because of oxidation. In automotive service, such thickening can cause oil pump starvation and resultant catastrophic engine failures. The deposit ratings for an oil indicate the tendency for the formation of deposits throughout the engine, including those that can cause sticking of the piston rings in their grooves. This can be involved in the loss of compression pressures in the engine. The camshaft and lifter wear values obtained in this test provide a measure of the anti-wear quality of an oil under conditions of high unit pressure mechanical contact. The test method was developed to correlate with oils of known good and poor protection against oil thickening and engine wear. Specially formulated oils that produce less than desirable results with unleaded fuels were also used during the development of this test. The Sequence IIIG engine oil test has replaced the Sequence IIIF test and can be used in specifications and classifications of engine lubricating oils, such as the following: Specification D 4485, Military Specification MIL-PRF-2104, and SAE Classification J183.p id="s00002">1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for evaluating automotive engine oils for certain high-temperature performance characteristics, including oil thickening, varnish deposition, oil consumption, as well as engine wear. Such oils include both single viscosity grade and multiviscosity grade oils that are used in both spark-ignition, gasoline-fueled engines, as well as in diesel engines. Note 18212;Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in SAE J304. 1.2 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only. The only exception is where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and tubing size. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are provided in 6.14.1.1 and 7.1.

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine

ASTM D7373-07e1 用生物动力学模型预测润滑油生物可降解性的标准试验方法

This procedure is able to predict the biodegradability of lubricants within a day without dealing with microorganisms. Excellent correlation is established between the test results and the conventional biodegradation tests (see Test Method D5864 and Test Method D6731).1.1 This test method covers a procedure for predicting biodegradability of lubricants using a bio-kinetic model. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Predicting Biodegradability of Lubricants Using a Bio-kinetic Model

ASTM D6138-07 在动态潮湿条件下润滑脂的防腐蚀性能的测定用标准试验方法(EMCOR方法)

This test method is used to assess the ability of grease to prevent corrosion in rolling bearings operated in the presence of distilled water, sodium chloride solution, or synthetic sea water. It is used for development and specification purposes.1.1 This test method covers the determination of corrosion- preventive properties of greases using grease- lubricated ball bearings under dynamic wet conditions.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Corrosion-Preventive Properties of Lubricating Greases Under Dynamic Wet Conditions (Emcor Test)

ASTM D7038-07a 汽车齿轮润滑剂抗湿腐蚀性的评估用标准试验方法

This test simulates a type of severe field service in which corrosion-promoting moisture in the form of condensed water vapor accumulates in the axle assembly. This may happen as a result of volume expansion and contraction of the axle lubricant and the accompanied breathing in of moisture-laden air through the axle vent. The test screens lubricants for their ability to prevent the expected corrosion. The test method described in this standard may be used by any properly equipped laboratory, without the assistance of anyone not associated with that laboratory. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) provides reference oils and an assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory (see Annex A7). By this means, the laboratory will know whether their use of the test method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S. Army imposes such a requirement in connection with several Army lubricating oil specifications. The L-33-1 test procedure is used or referred to in the following documents: ASTM Publication STP-512A, SAE J308, SAE J2360, and U.S. Military Specification MIL-PRF-2105E.1.1 This test method covers a test procedure for evaluating the rust and corrosion inhibiting properties of a gear lubricant while subjected to water contamination and elevated temperature in a bench-mounted hypoid differential housing assembly. This test method is commonly referred to as the L-33-1 test. 1.2 The values for temperature stated as degrees Fahrenheit, for pressure stated as psi, and volume stated as fluid ounces are to be regarded as standard. The SI values given in the parentheses are provided for informational purposes only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Moisture Corrosion Resistance of Automotive Gear Lubricants

ASTM D7038-07 汽车齿轮润滑剂抗湿腐蚀性的评估用标准试验方法

This test simulates a type of severe field service in which corrosion-promoting moisture in the form of condensed water vapor accumulates in the axle assembly. This may happen as a result of volume expansion and contraction of the axle lubricant and the accompanied breathing in of moisture-laden air through the axle vent. The test screens lubricants for their ability to prevent the expected corrosion. The test method described in this standard may be used by any properly equipped laboratory, without the assistance of anyone not associated with that laboratory. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) provides reference oils and an assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory (see Annex A7). By this means, the laboratory will know whether their use of the test method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S. Army imposes such a requirement in connection with several Army lubricating oil specifications. The L-33-1 test procedure is used or referred to in the following documents: ASTM Publication STP-512A,8 SAE J308, SAE J2360, and U.S. Military Specification MIL-PRF-2105E.1.1 This test method covers a test procedure for evaluating the rust and corrosion inhibiting properties of a gear lubricant while subjected to water contamination and elevated temperature in a bench-mounted hypoid differential housing assembly. This test method is commonly referred to as the L-33-1 test.1.2 The values for temperature stated as degrees Fahrenheit, for pressure stated as psi, and volume stated as fluid ounces are to be regarded as standard. The SI values given in the parentheses are provided for informational purposes only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Moisture Corrosion Resistance of Automotive Gear Lubricants

ASTM D7342-07 水存在下润滑脂剪切稳定性的标准试验方法(水稳定性试验)

It is known that contamination by water can affect the shear stability of some greases in service. Both test procedures specified in this method are widely used to determine the wet shear stability of greases in service. Many grease specifications require these procedures as a wet shear stability test. No accurate correlation is established between the test results and wet shear stability of grease in actual service.1.1 This test method covers two procedures for determining the shear stability of lubricating grease in the presence of water (wet shear stability) by a full scale grease worker or a roll stability test apparatus. Both procedures can be used to determine the relative wet shear stability of greases, but the results between procedures are not directly comparable. This test method is also known as the water stability test.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard; The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Shear Stability of Lubricating Grease in Presence of Water (Water Stability Test)

ASTM D7214-07a(2012) 使用峰面积积分用FT-IR测定已使用润滑剂中氧化物的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the oxidation of used lubricants by FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). It measures the concentration change of constituents containing a carbonyl function that have formed during the oxidation of the lubricant. 1.2 This test method may be used to indicate relative changes that occur in an oil under oxidizing conditions. The test method is not intended to measure an absolute oxidation property that can be used to predict performance of an oil in service. 1.3 This test method was developed for transmission oils which have been degraded either in service, or in a laboratory test, for example a bulk oxidation test. It may be used for other in-service oils, but the stated precision may not apply. 1.4 The results of this test method may be affected by the presence of other components with an absorbance band in the zone of 1600???1800 cm-1. Low PAI values may be difficult to determine in those cases. Section 6 describes these possible interferences in more detail. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of the Oxidation of Used Lubricants by FT-IR Using Peak Area Increase Calculation