75.160.10 (Solid fuels) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D2638-06 氦比重瓶测定煅烧石油焦真密度的标准试验方法

The real density of calcined petroleum coke directly influences the physical and chemical properties of the manufactured carbon and graphite artifacts for which it is used. Density, therefore, is a major quality specification of calcined petroleum coke and is used as a control in coke calcination.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the real density (RD) of calcined petroleum coke. Real density, by definition is obtained when the particle size of the specimen is smaller than 75 microns (No. 200 Sieve).1.2 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be regarded as the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Real Density of Calcined Petroleum Coke by Helium Pycnometer

ASTM D5003-06a 石油焦的哈德哥鲁夫可磨性指数(HGI)的标准试验方法

The HGI is used to predict the ranking of raw petroleum cokes or calcined petroleum cokes in industrial size mills used for crushing operations. The rankings are based on energy required and feed rate or both. The HGI is also used to select raw petroleum cokes and coals that are compatible with each other when milled together in a blend so that segregation of the blend does not occur during particle size reduction.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the hardgrove grindability index (HGI) of those petroleum cokes that contain no dedusting additive. The procedure for this test method is the same as in Test Method D 409. Sections of this test method contain the significance and use of the HGI of petroleum coke, preliminary sample preparation procedures, and procedure and precision and bias data specific to petroleum coke. Note 1 - The size consistency (particle size distribution) of fluid petroleum coke is generally 100 % passing a 6.73 mm (No. 3) sieve and greater than 80 % passing a 2.00 mm (No. 10) sieve. Much of fluid cokes will pass a 0.59 mm (No. 30) sieve. Because of this fineness the HGI value is related to the coarser particles in fluid coke and large samples are required to prepare sufficient material of the correct particle size for Test Method D 409.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard and are used in this test method for all values except the hardgrove grindability index, which is unitless. The values in parentheses are provided for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI) of Petroleum Coke

ASTM D4371-06 测定煤的耐洗性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes procedures for determining the washability characteristics of coarse-coal fractions and fine-coal fractions. Each sample being tested can have more than one coarse-coal size fraction and more than one fine-coal size fraction (see Annex A1). Each such size fraction has an upper size limit and a lower size limit, neither of which overlaps with the next larger nor smaller size fraction. (See Test Method D 4749.)1.2 While, in general, this test method has useful application in determining the washability characteristics of low-rank coals, in the strictest sense, it is not necessarily the most technically correct test method to determine washability characteristics of low-rank coals because of problems relative to the loss of moisture through drying during sample preparation and analysis. Methods that are directly applicable to low-rank coals are to be developed.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values shown in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8 and Appendix X1.

Standard Test Method for Determining the Washability Characteristics of Coal

ASTM D5003-06 石油焦的哈德哥鲁夫可磨性指数(HGI)的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the hardgrove grindability index (HGI) of those petroleum cokes that contain no dedusting additive. The procedure for this test method is the same as in Test Method D 409. Sections of this test method contain the significance and use of the HGI of petroleum coke, preliminary sample preparation procedures, and procedure and precision and bias data specific to petroleum coke. Note 1The size consistency (particle size distribution) of fluid petroleum coke is generally 100 % passing a 6.73 mm (No. 3) sieve and greater than 80 % passing a 2.00 mm (No. 10) sieve. Much of fluid cokes will pass a 0.59 mm (No. 30) sieve. Because of this fineness the HGI value is related to the coarser particles in fluid coke and large samples are required to prepare sufficient material of the correct particle size for Test Method D 409.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard and are used in this test method for all values except the hardgrove grindability index, which is unitless. The values in parentheses are provided for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for The Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI) of Petroleum Coke

ASTM D4371-06(2012) 测定煤的耐洗性的标准试验方法

5. Significance and UseTop Bottom 5.1 Although the determination of the washability characteristics of coal is not an exact science, this washability test method can be used to investigate the cleaning characteristics of coarse- and fine-coal fractions. However, especially with the fine-coal fractions, this test method may not be applicable for low-rank coals for reasons explained in 1.2. 5.2 The usefulness of this test procedure and the usefulness of the results derived from washability testing are directly related to the care exercised in developing and following the sampling regime while taking into consideration the desired degree of precision. For more exacting work, it will be necessary to know the general washability characteristics of the material in question. This can be done only through pilot testing as described in 9.6 and Annex A3. 5.3 This test method, in conjunction with the advice of experts and with knowledge of the particle size analysis (see Test Method D4749), is used for the engineering design of coal preparation facilities. 5.4 This test method is also used to assist in process control and to determine the efficiency of operating preparation plants. 5.5 This test method is used in core studies to determine the quality washability characteristics of coal reserves; however, in these instances the typical mass of raw coal from Table 1 may be neither applicable nor practical. For this reason, core diameter should be as large as possible and subdivision of the core section by any means or for any purpose prior to washability testing should be avoided. Care must be exercised in the design of the coring programs, including the consideration of appropriate geostatistics, in order that the potential recovery and quality of the coal reserves, as defined by the washability analysis of the cores, have any practical significance.TABLE 1 Typical Coal Mass For Four To Six Specific Gravity Fractions Size Fraction Mass of Material Needed for Washability Analysis of that Size Fraction, kg (lb)

Standard Test Method for Determining the Washability Characteristics of Coal

ASTM D4930-06 煅烧石油焦用防尘材料的标准试验方法

The test is designed to quantify the amount of dust control material added to calcined coke. The dust control material is applied to calcined coke to help maintain a dust-free environment. It generally serves no other useful purpose. It adds weight to the coke and can have a negative effect on the quality of carbon and graphite artifacts made from the treated coke. For these reasons the coke customer wants to know the amount of dust control material on the coke and can specify a maximum level.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of material applied to calcined coke to control dust associated with coke handling and transportation.1.2 This test method is limited to those materials that are soluble in a solvent that can be used in a Soxhlet extraction type of apparatus such as methylene chloride (dichloro-methane).Note 18212;Methylene chloride is the most popular solvent for removing dust control oil at the time this procedure is being written. Toluene and methyl chloroform, however, have been used with equal results on all cokes tested which have included only those sprayed with aromatic or waxy materials.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.

Standard Test Method for Dust Control Material on Calcined Petroleum Coke

ASTM D4930-06(2011) 锻烧石油焦用防尘材料的标准试验方法

The test is designed to quantify the amount of dust control material added to calcined coke. The dust control material is applied to calcined coke to help maintain a dust-free environment. It generally serves no other useful purpose. It adds weight to the coke and can have a negative effect on the quality of carbon and graphite artifacts made from the treated coke. For these reasons the coke customer wants to know the amount of dust control material on the coke and can specify a maximum level.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of material applied to calcined coke to control dust associated with coke handling and transportation. 1.2 This test method is limited to those materials that are soluble in a solvent that can be used in a Soxhlet extraction type of apparatus such as methylene chloride (dichloro-methane). Note 18212;Methylene chloride is the most popular solvent for removing dust control oil at the time this procedure is being written. Toluene and methyl chloroform, however, have been used with equal results on all cokes tested which have included only those sprayed with aromatic or waxy materials. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7.

Standard Test Method for Dust Control Material on Calcined Petroleum Coke

ASTM D4931-06(2011) 新出炉的石油焦炭中总含水量的标准试验方法

Moisture adds weight to the coke and serves no useful purpose. A knowledge of the moisture content is important in the purchase and sale of green petroleum coke, both of which are conducted on a dry basis. The collection of the sample as specified for the Drying Oven Method is intended for the express purpose of determining the total moisture of green petroleum coke. The standard is available to producers, sellers, and consumers for determination when other techniques or modifications are not mutually agreed on. The Preparation Procedure is used only when sample contains free water. Obtaining a representative sample of a coke source is compounded by the presence of free water.1.1 This test method covers both the preparation procedure for samples containing free water (air drying loss (ADL) on gross moisture samples) and the determination of the gross moisture content of green petroleum coke. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Gross Moisture in Green Petroleum Coke

ASTM D5003-06a(2011) 石油焦的哈德格罗夫可磨性指数(HGI)的标准试验方法

The HGI is used to predict the ranking of raw petroleum cokes or calcined petroleum cokes in industrial size mills used for crushing operations. The rankings are based on energy required and feed rate or both. The HGI is also used to select raw petroleum cokes and coals that are compatible with each other when milled together in a blend so that segregation of the blend does not occur during particle size reduction.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the hardgrove grindability index (HGI) of those petroleum cokes that contain no dedusting additive. The procedure for this test method is the same as in Test Method D409. Sections of this test method contain the significance and use of the HGI of petroleum coke, preliminary sample preparation procedures, and procedure and precision and bias data specific to petroleum coke. Note 18212;The size consistency (particle size distribution) of fluid petroleum coke is generally 100 % passing a 6.73 mm (No. 3) sieve and greater than 80 % passing a 2.00 mm (No. 10) sieve. Much of fluid cokes will pass a 0.59 mm (No. 30) sieve. Because of this fineness the HGI value is related to the coarser particles in fluid coke and large samples are required to prepare sufficient material of the correct particle size for Test Method D409. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.2.1 Exception8212;Hardgrove grindability index is unitless. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI) of Petroleum Coke

ASTM D6376-05 利用波长色散X射线荧光光谱学测定石油焦中痕量金属的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the X-ray fluorescence spectrometric determination of total sulfur and trace metals in samples of raw or calcined petroleum coke. Elements determined using this test method are listed in Table 1. 1.2 Detection limits, sensitivity, and optimal element ranges will vary with matrices, spectrometer type, analyzing crystal, and other instrument conditions and parameters. 1.3 All analytes are determined as the element and reported as such. These include all elements listed in Table 1. This test method may be applicable to additional elements or concentration ranges if sufficient standards are available to produce proper calibration equations. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Metals in Petroleum Coke by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy

ASTM D388-05 煤分级的标准分类

This classification establishes categories of coal based on gradational properties that depend principally on the degree of metamorphism to which the coal was subjected while buried. These categories indicate ranges of physical and chemical characteristics that are useful in making broad estimates of the behavior of coal in mining, preparation, and use. 1.1 This standard covers the classification of coals by rank, that is, according to their degree of metamorphism, or progressive alteration, in the natural series from lignite to anthracite. 1.2 This classification is applicable to coals that are composed mainly of vitrinite. Note 1Coals rich in inertinite or liptinite (exinite), or both, cannot be properly classified because, in those macerals, the properties that determine rank (calorific value, volatile matter, and agglomerating character) differ greatly from those of vitrinite in the same coal. Often such coals can be recognized by megascopic examination. In North America, these coals are mostly nonbanded varieties that contain only a small proportion of vitrain and consist mainly of attrital materials. The degree of metamorphism of nonbanded and other vitrinite-poor coals can be estimated by determining the classification properties of isolated or concentrated vitrinite fractions, or by determining the reflectance of the vitrinite (see Test Method D 2798 and Appendix X1 of this classification). However, in the use of these vitrinite-poor coals, some properties normally associated with rank, such as rheology, combustibility, hardness, and grindability (as well as the rank determining properties) may differ substantially from those of vitrinite-rich coals of the same degree of metamorphism. The precision of the classification of impure coal may be impaired by the effect of large amounts of mineral matter on the determination of volatile matter and calorific value, and on their calculation to the mineral-matter-free basis. 1.3 The values stated in British thermal units per pound are to be regarded as the standard. The SI equivalents of British thermal units per pound are approximate. All other values in SI units are to be regarded as standard.

Standard Classification of Coals by Rank

ASTM D2639-04 用恒转矩Gieseler塑性计测试塑性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method gives a relative measure of the plastic behavior of coal when heated under prescribed conditions. This test method may be used to obtain semiquantitative values of the plastic properties of coals and blends used in carbonization and in other situations where determination of plastic behavior of coals is of practical importance. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Plastic Properties of Coal by the Constant-Torque Gieseler Plastometer

ASTM D4326-04 X-射线荧光法测定煤和焦炭灰分中主要和次要元素的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the analysis of the commonly determined major and minor elements in ash from coal or coke using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques.Note 18212;Test Method D 1757 is used for determination of sulfur.Note 28212;Although not included in the present method, the determination of barium, strontium, and manganese may be required to yield adequate totals.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Major and Minor Elements in Coal and Coke Ash By X-Ray Fluorescence

ASTM D2639-04e1 用恒转矩Gieseler塑性计测试塑性的标准试验方法

Reliable values of the plastic properties of coals are used to predict or explain the behavior of a coal or blends during carbonization or in other processes such as gasification, liquefaction, and combustion. 1.1 This test method gives a relative measure of the plastic behavior of coal when heated under prescribed conditions. This test method may be used to obtain semiquantitative values of the plastic properties of coals and blends used in carbonization and in other situations where determination of plastic behavior of coals is of practical importance. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Plastic Properties of Coal by the Constant-Torque Gieseler Plastometer

ASTM D346-04 实验室分析用焦炭试样的收集和制备标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers procedures for the collection and reduction of samples of coke to be used for physical tests, chemical analyses, and the determination of total moisture. 1.2 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke Samples for Laboratory Analysis

ASTM D3174-04 煤和焦炭分析样品中灰分的标准试验方法

Ash, as determined by this test method, is the residue remaining after burning the coal and coke. Ash obtained differs in composition from the inorganic constituents present in the original coal. Incineration causes an expulsion of all water, the loss of carbon dioxide from carbonates, the conversion of iron pyrites into ferric oxide, and other chemical reactions. Ash, as determined by this test method, will differ in amount from ash produced in furnace operations and other firing systems because incineration conditions influence the chemistry and amount of the ash. References for correcting ash results determined by this test method to a mineral-matter-free basis are listed in Classification D 388, Section 8.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the inorganic residue as ash in the analysis sample of coal or coke as prepared in accordance with Method D 2013 or Practice D 346. The results obtained can be applied as the ash in the proximate analysis, Practice D 3172, and in the ultimate analysis, Practice D 3176. For the determination of the constituents in ash, reference is made to Test Methods D 2795 and D 3682. See Terminology D 121 for definition of ash.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke from Coal

ASTM D346-04e1 实验室分析用焦炭试样的收集和制备标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers procedures for the collection and reduction of samples of coke to be used for physical tests, chemical analyses, and the determination of total moisture. 1.2 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke Samples for Laboratory Analysis

ASTM D5142-04 使用仪器测量法进行煤和焦炭分析样品近似值分析的标准试验方法

Moisture, as determined by the instrumental test method, is used for calculating other analytical results to a moisture-free basis using procedures in Practice D 3180. Moisture percent determined by this test method may be used in conjunction with the air-dry moisture loss determined in Method D 2013 and Test Method D 3302 to determine total moisture in coal. Total moisture is used for calculating other analytical results to an as-received basis using Practice D 3180. Ash yield, as determined by this test method, is the residue remaining after burning the coal and coke samples. Volatile matter yield, when determined as herein described, may be used to (1) establish the rank of coals, (2) indicate coke yield on carbonization, (3) provide the basis for purchasing and selling, or (4) establish burning characteristics. Fixed carbon is a calculated value. It is the difference between 100 and the sum of the percent moisture, ash, and volatile matter. All percents shall be on the moisture reference base. Moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon percents constitute the proximate analysis of coal and coke. Note 18212;The ash obtained differs in composition and amount from the mineral constituents present in the original coal. Incineration causes an expulsion of all water, the loss of carbon dioxide from carbonates, the conversion of iron pyrite into iron oxides and sulfur oxides, and other chemical reactions. Ash yield, as determined by this test method, can differ from the amount of ash produced in furnace operations or other combustion systems because incineration conditions influence the chemistry and amount of ash.1.1 These instrumental test methods cover the determination of moisture, volatile matter, and ash, and the calculation of fixed carbon in the analysis of coal and coke samples prepared in accordance with Method D 2013 and Practice D 346. Results obtained through the use of the instrumental tests have been shown to differ from those obtained with Test Methods D 3173, D 3174, and D 3175 on some coals and cokes. Where a relative bias between the instrumental methods and Test Methods D 3173, D 3174, and D 3175 for proximate analysis of coal and coke are shown to exist, the instrumental results shall be corrected or the instrument calibrated using samples of known proximate analysis. Test Methods D 3173, D 3174, and D 3175 shall be considered the referee test methods. The instrumental test methods are not applicable to thermogravimetric analyzers using microgram size samples.1.2 The moisture value determined is used for calculating other analytical results to a dry basis. When used in conjunction with the air dry loss moisture, as determined in accordance with Method D 2013, Test Method D 3302, or Practice D 346, the calculated total moisture can be used to convert dry basis analytical results to the as-received basis.1.3 The result of the ash determinations can be applied in the ultimate analysis, Practice D 3176.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke by Instrumental Procedures

ASTM D6357-04 用感应耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法、感应耦合等离子体质谱法和石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定煤、焦碳和煤利用过程中产生的燃烧残余物中痕量元素的试验方法

Coal contains several elements whose individual concentrations are generally less than 0.01 %. These elements are commonly and collectively referred to as trace elements. These elements primarily occur as part of the mineral matter in coal. The potential release of certain trace elements from coal combustion sources has become an environmental concern. The ash prepared in accordance with these provisional test methods quantitatively retains the elements listed in 1.1 and is representative of their concentrations in the coal or coke.1.1 These test methods pertain to the determination of antimony, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, and zinc in coal and coke. These test methods can also be used for the analysis of residues from coal combustion processes.Note 1These test methods may be applicable to the determination of other trace elements.1.2 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as the standard.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Test Methods for Determination of Trace Elements in Coal, Coke, Combustion Residues from Coal Utilization Processes by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass, Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

ASTM D5056-04 用原子吸收法测定石油焦炭中痕量金属的标准试验方法

The presence and concentration of various metallic elements in a petroleum coke are major factors in the suitability of the coke for various uses. This test method provides a means of measuring the amounts of those metallic elements in the coke sample. The test method provides a standard procedure for use by the purchaser and seller in the commercial transfer of petroleum coke to determine whether the lot of coke meets the specifications of the purchasing party.1.1 This test method covers the analysis for the commonly determined trace metals (aluminum, calcium, iron, nickel, silicon, sodium, and vanadium) in laboratory analysis samples of raw and calcined petroleum coke by atomic absorption spectroscopy.1.2 The elemental concentration ranges for which this test method is applicable and the limits of detection of this test method are listed in Table 1.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For hazard statements, see Sections 8-10.

Standard Test Method for Trace Metals in Petroleum Coke by Atomic Absorption