77.140.20 (Steels of high quality) 标准查询与下载

ASTM G150-99(2004) 电化学临界点蚀温度的标准试验方法

This test method provides a prediction of the resistance to stable propagating pitting corrosion of stainless steels and related alloys in a standard medium (see Note 1). The CPT test can be used for product acceptance, alloy development studies, and manufacturing control. In the case of product acceptance, the supplier and user must agree upon the preconditioning of the specimen with regard to surface finish. The test is not intended for design purposes since the test conditions accelerate corrosion in a manner that does not simulate any actual service environment. Another method to determine the potential independent CPT with an electrochemical technique has been discussed in the literature (1-4). This test method involves a potentiodynamic (potential sweep) procedure performed on specimens at different temperatures. A comparison (2) of the test method described in this test method and the potentiodynamic technique has indicated no difference in the test result obtained.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the evaluation of the resistance of stainless steel and related alloys to pitting corrosion based on the concept of the determination of a potential independent critical pitting temperature (CPT).1.2 This test methods applies to wrought and cast products including but not restricted to plate, sheet, tubing, bar, forgings, and welds, (see Note 0).Note 0Examples of CPT measurements on sheet, plate, tubing, and welded specimens for various stainless steels can be found in Ref. (). See the research report.1.3 The standard parameters recommended in this test method are suitable for characterizing the CPT of austenitic stainless steels and other related alloys with a corrosion resistance ranging from that corresponding to solution annealed UNS S31600 (Type 316 stainless steel) to solution annealed UNS S31254 (6 % Mo stainless steel).1.4 This test method may be extended to stainless steels and other alloys related to stainless steel that have a CPT outside the measurement range given by the standard parameters described in this test method. Appropriate test potential and solution must then be determined.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.6 his standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Electrochemical Critical Pitting Temperature Testing of Stainless Steels

ASTM A967-99e1 不锈钢零件化学钝化处理的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers several different types of chemical passivation treatments for stainless steel parts. It includes recommendations and precautions for descaling, cleaning, and passivation of stainless steel parts. It includes several alternative tests, with acceptance criteria, for confirmation of effectiveness of such treatments for stainless steel parts. 1.2 Practices for the mechanical and chemical treatments of stainless steel surfaces are discussed more thoroughly in Practice A 380. 1.3 Several alternative chemical treatments are defined for passivation of stainless steel parts. gives some nonmandatory information and provides some general guidelines regarding the selection of passivation treatment appropriate to particular grades of stainless steel but makes no recommendations regarding the suitability of any grade, treatment, and acceptance criteria for any particular application or class of applications. 1.4 The tests in this specification are intended to confirm the effectiveness of passivation, particularly with regard to the removal of free iron and other exogenous matter. These tests include the following practices: 1.4.1 Practice A8212;Water Immersion Test,1.4.2 Practice B8212;High Humidity Test,1.4.3 Practice C8212;Salt Spray Test, 1.4.4 Practice D8212;Copper Sulfate Test,1.4.5 Practice E8212;Potassium Ferricyanide-Nitric Acid Test, and1.4.6 Practice F8212;Free Iron Test.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions, Sections 14 through 18 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Specification for Chemical Passivation Treatments for Stainless Steel Parts

ASTM A380-99(2005) 不锈钢零件, 设备及系统的清洗, 除垢及钝化的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers recommendations and precautions for cleaning, descaling, and passivating of new stainless steel parts, assemblies, equipment, and installed systems. These recommendations are presented as procedures for guidance when it is recognized that for a particular service it is desired to remove surface contaminants that may impair the normal corrosion resistance, or result in the later contamination of the particular stainless steel grade, or cause product contamination. For certain exceptional applications, additional requirements which are not covered by this practice may be specified upon agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Although they apply primarily to materials in the composition ranges of the austenitic, ferritic, and martensitic stainless steels, the practices described may also be useful for cleaning other metals if due consideration is given to corrosion and possible metallurgical effects. 1.1.1 The term passivation is commonly applied to several distinctly different operations or processes relating to stainless steels. In order to avoid ambiguity in the setting of requirements, it may be necessary for the purchaser to define precisely the intended meaning of passivation. Some of the various meanings associated with the term passivation that are in common usage include the following:1.1.1.1 Passivation is the process by which a stainless steel will spontaneously form a chemically inactive surface when exposed to air or other oxygen-containing environments. It was at one time considered that an oxidizing treatment was necessary to establish this passive film, but it is now accepted that this film will form spontaneously in an oxygen-containing environment providing that the surface has been thoroughly cleaned or descaled.1.1.1.2 Passivation is removal of exogenous iron or iron compounds from the surface of a stainless steel by means of a chemical dissolution, most typically by a treatment with an acid solution that will remove the surface contamination but will not significantly affect the stainlees steel itself. This process is described in a general way in 6.2.11 and defined precisely in 6.4 with further reference to the requirements of Annex A2 and Part II of the table on acid cleaning of steel. Unless otherwise specified, it is this definition of passivation that is taken as the meaning of a specified requirement for passivation.1.1.1.3 Passivation is the chemical treatment of a stainless steel with a mild oxidant, such as a nitric acid solution, for the purpose of enhancing the spontaneous formation of the protective passive film. Such chemical treatment is generally not necessary for the formation of the passive film.1.1.1.4 Passivation does not indicate the separate process of descaling as described in Section 5, although descaling may be necessary before passivation can be effective. 1.2 This practice does not cover decontamination or cleaning of equipment or systems that have been in service, nor does it cover descaling and cleaning of materials at the mill. On the other hand, some of the practices may be applicable for these purposes. While the practice provides recommendations and information concerning the use of acids and other cleaning and descaling agents, it cannot encompass detailed cleaning procedures for specific types of equipment or installations. It therefore in no way precludes the necessity for careful planning and judgment in the selection and implementation of such procedures. 1.3 These practices may be applied when free iron, oxide scale, rust, grease, oil, carbonaceous or other residual chemical films, soil, particles, metal chips, dirt, or other nonvolatile deposits might adversely affect the metallurgical or sanitary condition or stability of a surface, the mechanical operation of a part, component, or system, or contaminate a process fluid. The degree of cleanness required on a surface depe......

Standard Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems

ASTM G150-99 电化学临界点蚀温度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the evaluation of the resistance of stainless steel and related alloys to pitting corrosion based on the concept of the determination of a potential independent critical pitting temperature (CPT).

Standard Test Method for Electrochemical Critical Pitting Temperature Testing of Stainless Steels

ASTM A262-98 奥氏体不锈钢粒间磁化率的检测的标准操作规程

1.1 These practices cover the following five tests: 1.1.1 Practice A8212; Oxalic Acid Etch Test for Classification of Etch Structures of Austenitic Stainless Steels (Sections 3 to 7, inclusive), 1.1.2 Practice B8212;Ferric Sulfate-Sulfuric Acid Test for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels (Sections 8 to 14, inclusive), 1.1.3 Practice C8212;Nitric Acid Test for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels (Sections 15 to 21, inclusive), 1.1.4 Practice E8212;Copper-Copper Sulfate-Sulfuric Acid Test for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels (Sections 22 to 31, inclusive), and 1.1.5 Practice F8212;Copper-Copper Sulfate-50% Sulfuric Acid Test for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Molybdenum-Bearing Cast Austenitic Stainless Steels (Sections 32 to 38, inclusive). 1.2 The following factors govern the application of these practices: 1.2.1 Susceptibility to intergranular attack associated with the precipitation of chromium carbides is readily detected in all six tests. 1.2.2 Sigma phase in wrought chromium-nickel-molybdenum steels, which may or may not be visible in the microstructure, can result in high corrosion rates only in nitric acid. 1.2.3 Sigma phase in titanium or columbium stabilized alloys and cast molybdenum bearing stainless alloys, which may or may not be visible in the microstructure, can result in high corrosion rates in both the nitric acid and ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid solutions. 1.3 The oxalic acid etch test is a rapid method of identifying, by simple etching, those specimens of certain stainless steel grades which are essentially free of susceptibility to intergranular attack associated with chromium carbide precipitates. These specimens will have low corrosion rates in certain corrosion tests and therefore can be eliminated (screened) from testing as "acceptable." 1.4 The ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid test, the copper-copper sulfate-50% sulfuric acid test, and the nitric acid test are based on weight loss determinations and, thus, provide a quantitative measure of the relative performance of specimens evaluated. In contrast, the copper-copper sulfate-16% sulfuric acid test is based on visual examination of bend specimens and, therefore, classifies the specimens only as acceptable or non-acceptable. 1.5 In most cases either the 24-h copper-copper sulfate-16% sulfuric acid test or the 120-h ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid test, combined with the oxalic acid etch test, will provide the required information in the shortest time. All stainless grades listed in the accompanying table may be evaluated in these combinations of screening and corrosion tests, except those specimens of molybdenum-bearing grades (for example 316, 316L, 317, and 317L), which represent steel intended for use in nitric acid environments. 1.6 The 240-h nitric acid test must be applied to stabilized and molybdenum-bearing grades intended for service in nitric acid and to all stainless steel grades which might be subject to end grain corrosion in nitric acid service. 1.7 Only those stainless steel grades are listed in Table 1 for which data on the application of the oxalic acid etch test and on their performance in various quantitative evaluation tests are available. 1.8 Extensive test results on various types of stainless steels evaluated by these practices have been published in Ref (1). 1.9 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound equivalents are in parentheses and may be approximate. 1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish ......

Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels

ASTM A920/A920M-97 机械性能特殊质量微合金热锻钢筋标准规范

1.1 This specification covers hot-wrought, special quality microalloyed carbon steel bars intended for use in applications where as-rolled mechanical properties are desired. A typical end use is hydraulic cylinder shafts. 1.2 The bars shall be furnished to chemical composition and mechanical properties as provided herein. Chemical composition is based on standard carbon steel grades modified to include microalloying elements such as columbium (niobium), vanadium, or molybdenum. Four strength classes are available, designated 60, 75, 80, and 100, corresponding to the minimum yield strength in ksi. 1.3 Sections and sizes of bar steels available are covered in Specification A 29/A 29M.1.4 Supplementary Requirements S1 to S5 are provided for use when additional controls or requirements are desired. These shall apply only when specified on the purchase order. 1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text and tables, SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.6 Unless the order specifies the applicable "M" specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.

Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Microalloy, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical Properties

ASTM A601-96(2000) 电解金属锰的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers six grades of electrolytic manganese designated as follows: Grade Regular AIntermediate HydrogenBLow HydrogenC4.5 % Nitrogen BearingD6 % Nitrogen BearingEWeld Grade PowderF

Standard Specification for Electrolytic Manganese Metal

ASTM G146-96 高压、高温精炼氢设备中使用的双金属不锈合金/钢板材非连接性评定的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice describes a procedure for the evaluation of disbonding of bimetallic stainless alloy/steel plate for use in refinery high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) gaseous hydrogen service. It includes procedures to (a) produce suitable laboratory test specimens (b) obtain hydrogen charging conditions in the laboratory that are similar to those found in refinery HP/HT hydrogen gas service for evaluation of bimetallic specimens exposed to these environments, and (c) perform analysis of the test data. The purpose of this practice is to allow for comparison of data among test laboratories on the resistance of bimetallic stainless alloy/steels to hydrogen-induced disbonding (HID). 1.2 This practice applies primarily to bimetallic products fabricated by weld overlay of stainless alloy onto a steel substrate. Most of the information developed using this practice has been obtained for such materials. The procedures described herein, may also be appropriate for evaluation of hot roll bonded, explosive bonded, or other suitable processes for applying stainless alloys on steel substrates. However, due to the broad range of possible materials, test conditions, and variations in test peocedures, it is up to the user of this practice to determine the suitability and applicability of these procedures for evaluation of such materials. 1.3 This practice is intended to be applicable for evaluation of materials for service conditions involving severe hydrogen charging which may produce HID as shown in Fig. 1 for stainless steel weld overlay on steel equipment (see Refs1 and 2 and Appendix X1). However, it should be noted that this practice may not be appropriate for forms of bimetallic construction or service conditions which have not been observed to cause HID in service. 1.4 Additional information regarding the evaluation of bimetallic stainless alloy/steel plate for HID, test methodologies, and the effects of test conditions, materials, and welding variables, and inspection techniques is given in Appendix X1. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Evaluation of Disbonding of Bimetallic Stainless Alloy/Steel Plate for Use in High-Pressure, High-Temperature Refinery Hydrogen Service

ASTM B872-96(2003) 沉淀硬化镍铁铬钴(Nb)钛铝合金(UNS N09908)板、薄板及带材的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers rolled precipitation hardenable nickel-iron-chromium-columbium (Nb)-titanium-aluminum alloy (N09908) plate, sheet, and strip in the annealed condition (temper). This alloy is used as sheathing for super conductor cables, as tooling for fabrication of such cables, and for other applications requiring a material with low coefficient-of-expansion properties.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Nickel-Iron-Chromium- Columbium (Nb)-Titanium-Aluminum Alloy (UNS N09908) Plate, Sheet, and Strip

ASTM B872-96 沉淀硬化镍铁铬钴(Nb)钛铝合金(UNS N09908)板、薄板及带材的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers rolled precipitation hardenable nickel-iron-chromium-columbium (Nb)-titanium-aluminum alloy (N09908) plate, sheet, and strip in the annealed condition (temper). This alloy is used as sheathing for super conductor cables, as tooling for fabrication of such cables, and for other applications requiring a material with low coefficient-of-expansion properties. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Nickel-Iron-Chromium- Columbium (Nb)-Titanium-Aluminum Alloy (UNS N09908) Plate, Sheet, and Strip

ASTM A601-96(2004) 电解金属锰的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers six grades of electrolytic manganese designated as follows: Grade Regular AIntermediate HydrogenBLow HydrogenC4.5 % Nitrogen BearingD6 % Nitrogen BearingEWeld Grade PowderF

Standard Specification for Electrolytic Manganese Metal

ASTM A946-95(2000) 耐腐蚀和耐热用铬,铬-镍和硅合金钢板,薄板和带的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers alloy steels having a chromium content equal to or less than 11.0% in plate, sheet, strip form for corrosion, and heat resisting applications. 1.2 Some steels covered by this specification, especially the high silicon containing steels, because of their particular alloy content and specialized properties, may require special care in their fabrication and welding. Specific procedures are of fundamental importance, and it is presupposed that all parameters will be in accordance with approved methods capable of producing the desired properties in the finished fabrication. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.4 This specification and the applicable material specifications are expressed in both inch-pound and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable "M" specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished in inch-pound units.

Standard Specification for Chromium, Chromium-Nickel and Silicon Alloy Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Corrosion and Heat Resisting Service

ASTM G108-94(1999) 检测AISI304和304L型不锈钢增感作用的电化学再活化性 (EPR) 的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes a laboratory procedure for conducting an electrochemical reactivation (EPR) test on AISI Type 304 and 304L (UNS No. S30400 and S30403, respectively) stainless steels. This test method can provide a nondestructive means of quantifying the degree of sensitization in these steels (1, 2, 3). This test method has found wide acceptance in studies of the effects of sensitization on intergranular corrosion and intergranular stress corrosion cracking behavior (see Terminology G15). The EPR technique has been successfully used to evaluate other stainless steels and nickel base alloys (4), but the test conditions and evaluation criteria used were modified in each case from those cited in this test method. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Electrochemical Reactivation (EPR) for Detecting Sensitization of AISI Type 304 and 304L Stainless Steels

ASTM A756-94(2001) 耐磨不锈轴承钢的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers the requirements for chromium-carbon bearing quality stainless steel to be used in the manufacture of anti-friction bearings. 1.2 Supplementary Requirements of an optional nature are provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.

Standard Specification for Stainless Anti-Friction Bearing Steel

ASTM G108-94(2004) 检测AISI304和304L型不锈钢增感作用的电化学再活化性 (EPR) 的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for conducting an electrochemical reactivation (EPR) test on AISI Type 304 and 304L (UNS No. S30400 and S30403, respectively) stainless steels. This test method can provide a nondestructive means of quantifying the degree of sensitization in these steels (1, 2, 3). This test method has found wide acceptance in studies of the effects of sensitization on intergranular corrosion and intergranular stress corrosion cracking behavior (see Terminology G 15). The EPR technique has been successfully used to evaluate other stainless steels and nickel base alloys (), but the test conditions and evaluation criteria used were modified in each case from those cited in this test method. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Electrochemical Reactivation (EPR) for Detecting Sensitization of AISI Type 304 and 304L Stainless Steels

ASTM G108-94(2004)e1 检测AISI304和304L型不锈钢增感作用的电化学再活化性(EPR)的测试方法

1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for conducting an electrochemical reactivation (EPR) test on AISI Type 304 and 304L (UNS No. S30400 and S30403, respectively) stainless steels. This test method can provide a nondestructive means of quantifying the degree of sensitization in these steels (1, 2, 3).178; This test method has found wide acceptance in studies of the effects of sensitization on intergranular corrosion and intergranular stress corrosion cracking behavior (see Terminology G 15). The EPR technique has been successfully used to evaluate other stainless steels and nickel base alloys (4), but the test conditions and evaluation criteria used were modified in each case from those cited in this test method. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Electrochemical Reactivation (EPR) for Detecting Sensitization of AISI Type 304 and 304L Stainless Steels

ASTM A921/A921M-93(2011) 后热锻用微合金,高质量,热锻钢棒的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers hot-wrought, special quality microalloyed carbon steel bars intended for use as hot forging stock. The bars shall be hot-wrought, as-wrought, unless thermal treatment is necessary to ensure cold shearability. 1.2 The bars shall be furnished to chemical composition only. Chemical composition is based on standard carbon steel grades modified to include microalloying elements such as columbium (niobium), vanadium, or molybdenum. Desired mechanical properties are developed in the subsequent hot forging and controlled cooling operations. 1.3 Sections and sizes of bar steel available are covered in Specification A29/A29M. 1.4 Supplementary requirements S1 to S6 are provided for use when additional controls or requirements are desired. These shall apply only when specified on the purchase order. 1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text and tables, SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.6 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.

Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Microalloy, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, for Subsequent Hot Forging

ASTM A921/A921M-93(2005) 特殊质量微量合金热锻钢棒规范.后续热锻件的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers hot-wrought, special quality microalloyed carbon steel bars intended for use as hot forging stock. The bars shall be hot-wrought, as-wrought, unless thermal treatment is necessary to ensure cold shearability.1.2 The bars shall be furnished to chemical composition only. Chemical composition is based on standard carbon steel grades modified to include microalloying elements such as columbium (niobium), vanadium, or molybdenum. Desired mechanical properties are developed in the subsequent hot forging and controlled cooling operations.1.3 Sections and sizes of bar steel available are covered in Specification A 29/A 29M.1.4 Supplementary requirements S1 to S6 are provided for use when additional controls or requirements are desired. These shall apply only when specified on the purchase order.1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text and tables, SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.1.6 Unless the order specifies the applicable "M" specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.

Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Microalloy, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, for Subsequent Hot Forging

ASTM A921/A921M-93(1999) 后续热锻用特殊质量热锻微合金钢筋的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers hot-wrought, special quality microalloyed carbon steel bars intended for use as hot forging stock. The bars shall be hot-wrought, as-wrought, unless thermal treatment is necessary to ensure cold shearability. 1.2 The bars shall be furnished to chemical composition only. Chemical composition is based on standard carbon steel grades modified to include microalloying elements such as columbium (niobium), vanadium, or molybdenum. Desired mechanical properties are developed in the subsequent hot forging and controlled cooling operations. 1.3 Sections and sizes of bar steel available are covered in Specification A29/A29M. 1.4 Supplementary requirements S1 to S6 are provided for use when additional controls or requirements are desired. These shall apply only when specified on the purchase order. 1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text and tables, SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.6 Unless the order specifies the applicable "M" specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.

Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Microalloy, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, for Subsequent Hot Forging

ASTM A763-93(2009) 铁素体不锈钢晶间腐蚀敏感性检测的标准作法

1.1 These practices cover the following four tests: 1.1.1 Practice W8212;Oxalic acid etch test for detecting susceptibility to intergranular attack in stabilized ferritic stainless steels by classification of the etching structures (see Sections 3 through 10). 1.1.2 Practice X8212;Ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid test for detecting susceptibility to intergranular attack in ferritic stainless steels (Sections 11 to 16). 1.1.3 Practice Y8212;Copper-copper sulfate-50 % sulfuric acid test for detecting susceptibility to intergranular attack in ferritic stainless steels (Sections 17 to 22). 1.1.4 Practice Z8212;Copper-copper sulfate-16 % sulfuric acid test for detecting susceptibility to intergranular attack in ferritic stainless steels (Sections 23 to 29). 1.2 The following factors govern the application of these practices (1-6) : 1.2.1 Practice W, oxalic acid test, is a rapid method of identifying, by simple, electrolytic etching, those specimens of certain ferritic alloys that are not susceptible to intergranular corrosion associated with chromium carbide precipitation. Practice W is used as a screening test to avoid the necessity, for acceptable specimens, of more extensive testing required by Practices X, Y, and Z. See Table 1 for a listing of alloys for which Practice W is appropriate. 1.2.2 Practices X, Y, and Z can be used to detect the susceptibility of certain ferritic alloys to intergranular attack associated with the precipitation of chromium carbides or nitrides. 1.2.3 Practices W, X, Y, and Z can also be used to evaluate the effect of heat treatment or of fusion welding on susceptibility to intergranular corrosion. 1.2.4 Table 2 lists the identification ferritic stainless steels for which data on the application of at least one of the standard practices is available. 1.2.5 Some stabilized ferritic stainless steels may show high rates when tested by Practice X because of metallurgical factors not associated with chromium carbide or nitride precipitation. This possibility must be considered in selecting the test method. Combinations of alloys and test methods for which successful experience is available are shown in Table 1. Application of these standard tests to the other ferritic stainless steels will be by specific agreement between producer and user. 1.3 Depending on the test and alloy, evaluations may be accomplished by weight loss determination, microscopical examination, or bend test (Sections 30 and 31). The choices are listed in Table 1. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety precautionary statements, see 3.2.5, Section 7, 13.1, and 19.1. TABLE 1 Methods for Evaluating Ferritic Stainless Steels for Susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion Alloy Time of Test, h Evaluation Criteria Weight Loss

Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Ferritic Stainless Steels