87.040 (Paints and varnishes) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D4213-96(2003) 磨蚀失重法测定涂料耐磨擦磨损的标准试验方法

Interior paint films often become soiled, especially near doorways, windows, and play areas, and frequently need to be cleaned by scrubbing. This test method covers the determination of the relative resistance of paints to erosion when scrubbed. The precision of scrub resistance measurements in absolute physical values, such as Test Methods D 2486 cycles-to-failure or this test method, microlitres per 100 cycles, is poor due to the relatively large effect of subtle and difficult-to-control variables in test conditions. The test method described herein minimizes this problem by using a standard calibration panel as an integral part of each scrubbing operation and relating its weight loss to that of the paint film under test to establish the latterrsquo;scrub resistance. Note 18212;The numerical scrub resistance values obtained by this test method are of significance only in relation to the specific calibration panel types with which the value is obtained. Thus, for example, a scrub resistance value of 83 with a Type X calibration panel would be reported as 83X. Results obtained by this test method do not necessarily represent the scrub resistance that might be determined if the test film is allowed to dry before testing appreciably longer than the seven-day period specified herein. Results obtained by this test method do not necessarily relate to ease of soil or stain removal (also referred to as “cleanability” or “cleansability”). To test for those characteristics use Test Methods D 3450 and D 4828. FIG. 1 Alignment of Panels for Scrubbing1.1 This test method covers an accelerated procedure for determining the resistance of paints to erosion caused by scrubbing. (Note: The term wet abrasion is sometimes used for scrubbing, and wet abrasion resistance or scrubbability for scrub resistance.) Although scrub resistance tests are intended primarily for interior coatings, they are sometimes used with exterior coatings as an additional measure of film performance.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Scrub Resistance of Paints by Abrasion Weight Loss

ASTM D2091-96(2011) 天然漆抗粘污性的标准试验方法

An unsatisfactory appearance can result from pressure deformation of a film inherently too soft or containing residual solvent. This test method is primarily used to evaluate the resistance of a lacquer finish to printing under the conditions of packaging, shipping, and warehousing.1.1 This test method covers the resistance of dried lacquer films to imprinting. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Print Resistance of Lacquers

ASTM D4213-96e1 磨蚀失重法测定涂料耐磨擦磨损的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers an accelerated procedure for determining the resistance of paints to erosion caused by scrubbing. (note: The term wet abrasion is sometimes used for scrubbing and wet abrasion resistance or scrubbability for scrub resistance). Although scrub resistance tests are intended primarily for interior coatings, they are sometimes used with exterior coatings as an additional measure of film performance. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Scrub Resistance of Paints by Abrasion Weight Loss

ASTM D2091-96 喷漆的抗印迹性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the resistance of dried lacquer films to imprinting. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Print Resistance of Lacquers

ASTM D4017-96a 卡尔·费舍尔法测定涂料及相关物质中水份的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method is applicable to all paints and paint materials, including resins, monomers, and solvents, with the exception of aldehydes and certain active metals, metal oxides, and metal hydroxides. While the evaluation was limited to pigmented products containing amounts of water in the 30 to 70% range, there is reason to believe that higher and lower concentrations can be determined by this test method. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.

Standard Test Method for Water in Paints and Paint Materials by Karl Fischer Method

ASTM D2091-96(2003) 喷漆的抗印迹性的标准试验方法

An unsatisfactory appearance can result from pressure deformation of a film inherently too soft or containing residual solvent. This test method is primarily used to evaluate the resistance of a lacquer finish to printing under the conditions of packaging, shipping, and warehousing. 1.1 This test method covers the resistance of dried lacquer films to imprinting. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Print Resistance of Lacquers

ASTM D333-96 透明漆和着色漆的标准指南

1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing lacquers and lacquer coatings. The test methods included are listed in Table 1. Note 1--In accordance with Terminology D16, a lacquer is defined as a coating composition that is based on synthetic thermoplastic filmforming material dissolved in organic solvent(s) and that dries primarily by solvent evaporation. Typical lacquers include those based on nitrocellulose, other cellulose derivatives, vinyl resins, acrylic resins, etc.Note 2--Lacquers may be applied under such diverse conditions, to so many different surfaces, and their dried films may be subjected to so many kinds of wear and exposure that it is not possible to assure desired performance from a single selection of test methods and numerical results therefrom. Those skilled in lacquer technology may find partial assurance of obtaining desired qualities in various types of lacquers through careful selection of the methods covered herein and intelligent interpretation of results therefrom. Note 3--It is intended ultimately to remove all experimental procedures from Test Methods D 333 and to establish them as a guide to the selection of test methods for lacquer and perhaps to interpretation of results therefrom. Temporarily there remain in Test Methods D333 a few tests that are too short or otherwise presently unsuitable for establishment under separate ASTM designations.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Clear and Pigmented Lacquers

ASTM D3891-96(2002)e1 涂料、清漆、喷漆及有关产品试验用玻璃板制备的标准实施规程

The procedures described in this practice are designed to provide uniform glass panels for testing of paint, varnish, lacquer, conversion coatings and related products.1.1 This practice covers the preparation of glass panels for subsequent testing of paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Preparation of Glass Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Products

ASTM D823-95(2012)e1 油漆、清漆及有关产品制成厚度均匀漆膜试片的标准实施规程

1.1 Five practices are given for preparing films of uniform thickness of coatings on test panels. These practices are: Practice A???Automatic Spray Machine Application Practice B???Motor-Driven Dip Coater Application Practice C???Motor-Driven Blade Film Application Practice D???Hand-Held Spray Gun Application Practice E???Hand-Held Blade Film Application 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels

ASTM D3719-95 外用涂漆板上收集污物的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers an instrumental procedure for quantifying the degree of dirt collection on exposed exterior coated panels.1.2 This test method is limited to those coated exterior panels with lightness values before exposure significantly greater than those after exposure. 1.3 The instrumental readings do not distinguish between mildew growth and other forms of dirt.1.4 This test method measures total dirt collection. Loose dirt may be washed and removed from specimens if only imbedded dirt collection is to be measured.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Quantifying Dirt Collection on Coated Exterior Panels

ASTM D1849-95(2014)e1 涂料包装稳定性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the change in consistency and certain other properties that may take place when liquid paint of either the solvent-reducible or water-reducible type is stored at a temperature above 0°C (32°F). 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Package Stability of Paint

ASTM D4414-95(2007) 刻痕量规测定湿膜厚度的标准实施规程

Wet film thickness measurements of coatings applied on articles can be very helpful in controlling the thickness of the final dry coating, although in some specifications the wet film thickness is specified. Most protective and high performance coatings are applied to meet a requirement or specification for dry film thickness for each coat or for the completed coating system, or for both. There is a direct relationship between dry film thickness and wet film thickness. The wet film/dry film ratio is determined by the volume of volatiles in the coating as applied, including permitted thinning. With some flat coatings the dry film thickness is higher than that calculated from the wet film thickness. Consequently, the results from the notch gage are not to be used to verify the nonvolatile content of a coating. Measurement of wet film thickness at the time of application is most appropriate as it permits correction and adjustment of the film by the applicator at the time of application. Correction of the film after it has dried or chemically cured requires costly extra labor time, may lead to contamination of the film, and may introduce problems of adhesion and integrity of the coating system. The procedures using notched gages do not provide as accurate or sensitive measurements of wet film thickness as do the Interchemical and Pfund gages described in Test Methods D 1212. Notch gages may, however, be used on nonuniform surfaces, like concrete block, that are too rough to use the Interchemical and Pfund gages. Also notched gages can be very useful in the shop and field for determining the approximate thickness of wet films over commercial articles where size(s) and shape(s) are not suitable for measurements by other types of gages. Examples of such items are ellipses, thin edges, and corners. An operator experienced in the use of a notched gage can monitor the coating application well enough to ensure the minimum required film thickness will be obtained. Application losses, such as overspray, loss on transfer, and coating residue in application equipment, are a significant unmeasurable part of the coating used on a job and are not accounted for by measurement of wet film thickness.1.1 This practice describes the use of thin rigid metal notched gages, also called step or comb gages, in the measurement of wet film thickness of organic coatings, such as paint, varnish, and lacquer.1.2 Notched gage measurements are neither accurate nor sensitive, but they are useful in determining approximate wet film thickness of coatings on articles where size(s) and shape(s) prohibit the use of the more precise methods given in Test Methods D 1212.1.3 This practice is divided into the following two procedures:1.3.1 Procedure A - A square or rectangular rigid metal gage with notched sides is used to measure wet film thicknesses ranging from 3 to 2000 m (0.5 to 80 mils 1). Such a gage is applicable to coatings on flat substrates and to coatings on articles of various sizes and complex shapes where it is possible to get the end tabs of the gage to rest in the same plane on the substrate.1.3.2 Procedure B - A circular thin rigid metal notched gage is used to measure wet film thicknesses ranging from 25 to 2500 m (1 to 100 mils ). Such a gage is applicable to coatings on flat substrates and to coatings on objects of various sizes and complex shapes.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations ......

Standard Practice for Measurement of Wet Film Thickness by Notch Gages

ASTM E1753-95 干漆膜中铅含量检测用定性化学抽查试验工具标准规程

1.1 This practice covers the use of commercial spot test kits based on either sulfide or rhodizonate for the qualitative determination of the presence of lead in dry paint films.1.2 This practice may also be used as a qualitative procedure for other dry coating films such as varnishes.1.3 This practice provides a list of the advantages and limitations of chemical spot test kits based on sulfide and rhodizonate to allow the user to choose the appropriate spot test for a given circumstance.1.4 This practice contains notes which are explanatory and not part of mandatory requirements.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Use of Qualitative Chemical Spot Test Kits for Detection of Lead in Dry Paint Films

ASTM D3912-95(2001) 轻水核电站用涂层耐化学性的标准试验方法

The specific chemical resistance tests to be performed are dependent upon the relative severity of the service conditions. Fig. 1 lists some chemical solutions that may be applicable to nuclear power plants and may be considered for use in testing chemical resistance of coatings when applicable. Testing these, or other chemical solutions should not be construed as mandatory, but may be specified by the owner when desired. The lining test may be used to evaluate the resistance characteristics of coating systems for lining surfaces of tanks, vessels and similar facilities used in a light-water nuclear power plant. FIG. 1 Sample Form1.1 This test method establishes procedures for the evaluation of the chemical resistance of coatings used in light-water nuclear power plants. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Chemical Resistance of Coatings Used in Light-Water Nuclear Power Plants

ASTM D4541-95e1 用手提式粘合试验仪测定涂层脱落强度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers a procedure for evaluating the pull-off strength (commonly referred to as adhesion) of a coating on rigid substrates such as metal, concrete or wood. The test determines either the greatest perpendicular force (in tension) that a surface area can bear before a plug of material is detached, or whether the surface remains intact at a prescribed force (pass/fail). Failure will occur along the weakest plane within the system comprised of the test fixture, adhesive, coating system, and substrate, and will be exposed by the fracture surface. This test method maximizes tensile stress as compared to the shear stress applied by other methods, such as scratch or knife adhesion, and results may not be comparable.1.2 Pull-off strength measurements depend upon both material and instrumental parameters. Results obtained by each test method may give different results. Results should only be assessed for each test method and not be compared with other instruments. There are five instrument types, identified as Test Methods A-E. It is imperative to identify the test method used when reporting results.1.3 This test method uses a class of apparatus known as portable pull-off adhesion testers. They are capable of applying a concentric load and counter load to a single surface so that coatings can be tested even though only one side is accessible. Measurements are limited by the strength of adhesion bonds between the loading fixture and the specimen surface or the cohesive strengths of the adhesive, coating layers, and substrate.1.4 This test can be destructive and spot repairs may be necessary.1.5 The values stated in MPa (inch-pound) units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion Testers

ASTM D4141-95 进行涂层黑箱和阳光集中暴露试验的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers two accelerated outdoor exposure procedures for evaluating the exterior durability of coatings applied to substrates.1.2 The two procedures are as follows:1.2.1 Procedure A--Black Box Exposure.1.2.2 Procedure B-- has been deleted from this practice.1.2.3 Procedure C--Fresnel Reflector Rack Exposure.Note 1--Procedure B described a Heated Black Box procedure that is no longer in common use.1.3 This standard does not cover all the procedures that are available to the user for accelerating the outdoor exposure of coatings. Other procedures have been used in order to provide a particular effect; however, the two procedures described here are widely used.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Conducting Black Box and Solar Concentrating Exposures of Coatings

ASTM D4082-95 Υ射线对轻水核电站用涂层影响的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers a standard procedure for evaluating the lifetime radiation tolerance of coatings to be used in nuclear power plants. This test method is applicable to Coating Service Levels I and II.

Standard Test Method for Effects of Gamma Radiation on Coatings for Use in Light-Water Nuclear Power Plants

ASTM D823-95(2012) 油漆、清漆及有关产品制成厚度均匀漆膜试片的标准实施规程

1.1 Five practices are given for preparing films of uniform thickness of coatings on test panels. These practices are: Practice A???Automatic Spray Machine Application Practice B???Motor-Driven Dip Coater Application Practice C???Motor-Driven Blade Film Application Practice D???Hand-Held Spray Gun Application Practice E???Hand-Held Blade Film Application 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels

ASTM D3911-95 设计基本事故(DBA)的模拟条件下评价轻水核电站用涂层的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method establishes procedures for evaluating protective coating systems test specimens under simulated DBA conditions. Included are a description of conditions and apparatus for temperature-pressure testing, conditions for radiation testing, and procedures for preparing, examining, and evaluating the samples. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Coatings Used in Light-Water Nuclear Power Plants at Simulated Design Basis Accident (DBA) Conditions

ASTM D2243-95(2008) 水溶性涂料抗冻融性的标准试验方法

When water-borne coatings are shipped during cold weather, they may experience cycles of freezing and thawing. Cycles of freezing and thawing cause more damage to water-borne coatings than when the coatings are subjected to steady freezing.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for evaluating the effect of freeze/thaw cycling on the viscosity and visual film properties of water-borne coatings. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Water-Borne Coatings