87.040 (Paints and varnishes) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D1849-95(2008) 涂料包装耐久性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the change in consistency and certain other properties that may take place when liquid paint of either the solvent-reducible or water-reducible type is stored at a temperature above 0°C (32°F). 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Package Stability of Paint

ASTM D823-95(2001) 在试验板上制成均匀厚度的油漆,清漆和相关产品的标准规程

1.1 Five practices are given for preparing films of uniform thickness of coatings on test panels. These practices are:Practice A--Automatic Spray Machine ApplicationPractice B--Motor-Driven Dip Coater ApplicationPractice C--Motor-Driven Blade Film ApplicationPractice D--Hand-Held Spray Gun ApplicationPractice E--Hand-Held Blade Film Application1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels

ASTM D1014-95 钢材表面涂料室外暴露试验的标准操作规程

1.1 This practice covers the determination of the relative service of exterior paints and other materials of similar purpose when applied on steel surfaces exposed out-of-doors. 1.2 Experience indicates that the steel used as a test surface has a marked bearing upon the weathering results. It is the purpose of this test method to minimize the influence of variation in steel surfaces on any series of tests by providing for uniformity in the selection of the steel surface, particularly in cooperative work. This practice also outlines uniform procedures for conducting the exposure tests and for evaluating and recording results. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests of Paints on Steel

ASTM E1610-95(2001) 法庭涂料分析和比较标准导则

1.1 This guide is intended to assist individuals and laboratories that conduct forensic paint analyses in their selection, application, and evaluation of tests that can be of value to their investigation. It is not intended as a detailed methods description or protocol for the analysis and comparison of paints but as a guide to a reasonable order for testing and to the strengths, limitations, and possible pitfalls of each of a variety of potentially useful analytical methods. Numerous detailed materials are available that discuss each method, and selected references are noted as appropriate. 1.2 This guide is intended for application to the analysis of industrial and commercially prepared paints and related coatings. It does not propose to address the unique requirements of artistic, historical, or restorative paint analysis, although some of the methods discussed herein may be applied to those fields. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Forensic Paint Analysis and Comparison

ASTM D4414-95(2013) 刻痕量规测定湿膜厚度的标准操作规程

4.1 Wet film thickness measurements of coatings applied on articles can be very helpful in controlling the thickness of the final dry coating, although in some specifications the wet film thickness is specified. Most protective and high performance coatings are applied to meet a requirement or specification for dry film thickness for each coat or for the completed coating system, or for both. 4.2 There is a direct relationship between dry film thickness and wet film thickness. The wet film/dry film ratio is determined by the volume of volatiles in the coating as applied, including permitted thinning. With some flat coatings the dry film thickness is higher than that calculated from the wet film thickness. Consequently, the results from the notch gage are not to be used to verify the nonvolatile content of a coating. 4.3 Measurement of wet film thickness at the time of application is most appropriate as it permits correction and adjustment of the film by the applicator at the time of application. Correction of the film after it has dried or chemically cured requires costly extra labor time, may lead to contamination of the film, and may introduce problems of adhesion and integrity of the coating system. 4.4 The procedures using notched gages do not provide as accurate or sensitive measurements of wet film thickness as do the Interchemical and Pfund gages described in Test Methods D1212. Notch gages may, however, be used on nonuniform surfaces, like concrete block, that are too rough to use the Interchemical and Pfund gages. Also notched gages can be very useful in the shop and field for determining the approximate thickness of wet films over commercial articles where size(s) and shape(s) are not suitable for measurements by other types of gages. Examples of such items are ellipses, thin edges, and corners. 4.5 An operator experienced in the use of a notched gage can monitor the coating application well enough to ensure the minimum required film thickness will be obtained. 4.6 Application losses, such as overspray, loss on transfer, and coating residue in application equipment, are a significant unmeasurable part of the coating used on a job and are not accounted for by measurement of wet film thickness. 1.1 This practice describes the use of thin rigid metal notched gages, also called step or comb gages, in the measurement of wet film thickness of organic coatings, such as paint, varnish, and lacquer. 1.2 Notched gage measurements are neither accurate nor sensitive, but they are useful in determining approximate wet film thickness of coatings on articles where size(s) and shape(s) prohibit the use of the more precise methods given in Test Methods D1212. 1.3 This practice is divided into the following two procedures: 1.3.1 Procedure A—A square or rectangular rigid metal gage with notched sides is used to measure wet film thicknesses ranging from 3 to 2000 μm (0.5 to 80 mils 1). Such a gage i......

Standard Practice for Measurement of Wet Film Thickness by Notch Gages

ASTM D5682-95(2002) 液体涂料及有关材料电阻率的标准试验方法

These tests are suitable for testing paints adjusted for compatibility with various electrostatic spray coating applications, and by their use, spray performance can be optimized.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of specific resistance (resistivity) of liquid paints, solvents, and other fluids in the range of 0.6 to 2640 M-cm.1.2 Test Method A describes a procedure for making resistance tests with a commonly used paint application test assembly (Fig 1). 1.3 Test Method B describes a procedure for making resistance tests with a conductivity meter (Fig 2).1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Electrical Resistivity of Liquid Paint and Related Materials

ASTM D5286-95 在一般生产条件下,涂料喷涂传送效率测定的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the transfer efficiency of spray-applied coatings under general plant conditions. Transfer efficiency is the ratio of paint solids deposited to the total paint solids used during the application process, expressed as a percent.1.2 The transfer efficiency is calculated from the weight or volume of the paint solids sprayed and that of the paint solids deposited on the painted part.1.3 Limitations include the ability to accurately determine the amount of paint solids deposited on the part and the capability of accurate measurement of the amount of paint sprayed.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.Note 1--These test methods apply to general plant production equipment and procedures. A method specific to automotive plants is defined in Test Method D5066.Note 2--The relationship between volatile organic compound emission rates and transfer efficiency in automobile and light duty truck topcoat operations, EPA 450/3-88-018, referenced in Test Method D5066 does not apply to general production facilities.Note 3--A single-point transfer efficiency measurement may not represent the entire process.Note 4--The operator and the spray-application equipment-operating conditions during the transfer efficiency measurement should be representative of normal operating conditions.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazard statements see Section 7, and 10.3.1.Note 5--These test methods have not been adopted by federal regulatory agencies for demonstration of compliance with air pollution regulations such as VOC, HAPS, etc.

Standard Test Methods for Determination of Transfer Efficiency Under General Production Conditions for Spray Application of Paints

ASTM D823-95(2007) 色漆,清漆,喷漆及有关产品制成厚度均匀漆膜试片的标准实施规程

These practices should be used for those coatings that are designed for spray applications of objects in the factory or in the field. It is particularly important that it be used in the evaluation of metallic coatings for appearance properties, such as gloss and color. Coatings applied by this test method may exhibit a slight orange-peel or spray wave.1.1 Five practices are given for preparing films of uniform thickness of coatings on test panels. These practices are: Practice A-Automatic Spray Machine Application Practice B-Motor-Driven Dip Coater Application Practice C-Motor-Driven Blade Film Application Practice D-Hand-Held Spray Gun Application Practice E-Hand-Held Blade Film Application1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels

ASTM D2243-95(2003) 水彩涂料抗冻-溶标准试验方法

When water-borne coatings are shipped during cold weather, they may experience cycles of freezing and thawing. Cycles of freezing and thawing cause more damage to water-borne coatings than when the coatings are subjected to steady freezing.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for evaluating the effect of freeze/thaw cycling on the viscosity and visual film properties of water-borne coatings.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Water-Borne Coatings

ASTM D2369-95 覆层中挥发物含量的标准试验方法

Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings

ASTM D4366-95 用钟摆阻尼试验法测试有机覆层硬度的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods cover the use of pendulum damping testers in the determination of hardness of organic coatings that have been applied to acceptably plane rigid surfaces, such as a metal or glass panel. 1.2 Two test methods based on different pendulum types are covered as follows: 1.2.1 Test Method A-Konig Pendulum Hardness Test 1.2.2 Test Method B-Persoz Pendulum Hardness Test 1.3 This standard is similar in content (but not technically equivalent) to ISO 1522. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Hardness of Organic Coatings by Pendulum Damping Tests

ASTM D1849-95(2003) 涂料包装耐久性的标准测试方法

D1.1 This test method covers the change in consistency and certain other properties that may take place when liquid paint of either the solvent-reducible or water-reducible type is stored at a temperature above 32176;F (0176;C).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Package Stability of Paint

ASTM D4061-94(2000) 平面涂层回复反射的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes the instrumental measurement of the retroreflective properties of horizontal surfacing materials, such as traffic stripe paint systems, traffic tapes, and traffic surface symbols. 1.2 Specimen preparation, size, and shape must be determined and specified by the user of this test method. Likewise, the user must specify the observation and entrance angles to be used (see Fig. 1). 1.3 The geometric requirements of this test method are based on materials for which the relative retroreflectance changes less than approximately 50% over the observation angle range from 0.2 to 0.5176. This is illustrated in Fig. 2. 1.4 This test method is a laboratory test and requires a facility that can be darkened sufficiently so that stray light does not affect the test results. This facility must be capable of housing the required 15-m test distance. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Retroreflectance of Horizontal Coatings

ASTM D4287-94 用锥板粘度计测定高速剪切粘度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the viscosity of paints, varnishes, and related products at a rate of shear of 12 000 s-1. 1.2 Paints and varnishes that dry very rapidly may not give reproducible results with this test method. Measurements made at elevated temperatures may also give poor precision due to loss of volatiles and to drying. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for High-Shear Viscosity Using a Cone/Plate Viscometer

ASTM D5367-94 用水或水/磨料喷洗时为防止钢生锈用抑制剂处理的表面上镀层评定的标准规范

1.1 This practice covers procedures to evaluate the compatibility of coatings with inhibitors used with water-blast cleaning surface preparation with or without abrasive to prevent flash rusting of steel prior to application of coatings.1.2 The manufacturer of the coatings shall be consulted to ensure compatibility of inhibitors with the coatings.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Evaluating Coatings Applied Over Surfaces Treated With Inhibitors Used to Prevent Flash Rusting of Steel When Water or Water/Abrasive Blasted

ASTM D4144-94(2010) 紫外线固化涂层包装耐久性评估的标准试验方法

Coatings intended to be cured by ultraviolet radiation, especially those involving free radical chemistry, tend to polymerize during storage. It is of interest to determine how well a formulation resists this effect. Many factors influence the storage stability of a composition. The procedures described here are intended to improve the precision of determining this property. Because the effects of resins, monomers, photoinitiators, synergists, stabilizers, or pigments can alter the relation between elevated and room temperature stabilities, any correlation of performance at two different temperatures is possible only with a given formulation and, therefore, is useful only for quality control.1.1 This method covers procedures for testing the package stability of coatings intended to be cured by ultraviolet radiation. One procedure is given for clear coatings and another for opaque fillers. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Estimating Package Stability of Coatings for Ultraviolet Curing

ASTM D5618-94(2005) 茗荷介(贝属动物)剪切粘着强度的标准试验方法

This test method is designed as a screening test in the evaluation of coating systems and other materials designed to resist biofouling attachment. The degree and type of barnacle fouling will vary according to the geographic location of test sites and the time of year when tests are implemented. Surfaces with known barnacle adhesive shear strength should be exposed to provide comparative data.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of barnacle adhesion in shear to surfaces exposed in the marine environment. It is used to establish the ability of a surface to reduce biofouling adhesion. Surfaces with known barnacle adhesion strengths are included to serve as controls. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Barnacle Adhesion Strength in Shear

ASTM D4144-94(1999) 评估紫外线固化用涂层包装耐久性的标准试验方法

1.1 This method covers procedures for testing the package stability of coatings intended to be cured by ultraviolet radiation. One procedure is given for clear coatings and another for opaque fillers. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Estimating Package Stability of Coatings for Ultraviolet Curing

ASTM D5618-94(2011) 茗荷介(贝属动物)剪切粘着强度的标准试验方法

This test method is designed as a screening test in the evaluation of coating systems and other materials designed to resist biofouling attachment. The degree and type of barnacle fouling will vary according to the geographic location of test sites and the time of year when tests are implemented. Surfaces with known barnacle adhesive shear strength should be exposed to provide comparative data.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of barnacle adhesion in shear to surfaces exposed in the marine environment. It is used to establish the ability of a surface to reduce biofouling adhesion. Surfaces with known barnacle adhesion strengths are included to serve as controls. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Barnacle Adhesion Strength in Shear

ASTM D5618-94(2000) 藤壶剪切粘着强度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the measurement of barnacle adhesion in shear to surfaces exposed in the marine environment. It is used to establish the ability of a surface to reduce biofouling adhesion. Surfaces with known barnacle adhesion strengths are included to serve as controls. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Barnacle Adhesion Strength in Shear