93.020 土方工程、挖掘、地基构造、地下工程 标准查询与下载

T/ZS 0212-2021 盾构隧道联络通道冻结法施工技术规程

1  总  则　 2  术  语 3  基本规定　 4  冻结孔施工  4.1  一般规定　  4.2  冻结孔钻进　  4.3  冻结孔角度控制　 5  冻结器安装　  5.1  一般规定　  5.2  冻结管　  5.3  供液管　  5.4  回液管　 6  冷冻站施工　  6.1  一般规定　  6.2  冷冻站位置　  6.3  冷冻站安装　  6.4  冷冻站运转　  6.5  冷冻站停冻　  6.6  冷冻站拆除 7  冻结壁检测与验收　  7.1  一般规定　  7.2  测温孔布置　  7.3  测温孔验收　  7.4  泄压孔布置　  7.5  泄压孔验收　 8  开挖与构筑　  8.1  一般规定　  8.2  开挖准备　  8.3  土方开挖  8.4  初期支护　  8.5  结构施工　  8.6  质量控制　  8.7  充填与融沉注浆　 9  监控与量测　  9.1  一般规定　  9.2  监测内容　  9.3  监控量测　 10  安全施工　  10.1  一般规定　  10.2  安全技术措施　  10.3  应急处置措施　 11  绿色施工　  11.1  一般规定　  11.2  环境保护措施　 附录A  冻结孔施工顺序图　 附录B  制冷站运转日志　 附录C  通道施工顺序图　 附录D  集水井施工顺序图　 附录E  初期支护中喷射混凝土施工顺序图　 附录F  施工现场应急物资储备

Technical specification for freezing method construction of connecting passage of shield tunnel

DB42/T 1710-2021 工程勘察钻探封孔技术规程

Technical specification for hole sealing in engineering survey drilling

OENORM EN ISO 22282-4:2021 岩土工程调查和测试 地质水压测试 第4部分：泵送测试（ISO 22282-4:2021）

Geotechnical investigation and testing - Geohydraulic testing - Part 4: Pumping tests (ISO 22282-4:2021)

ASTM D1557-12(2021) 用改良作用力（56000 ft-lbf/ft³（2700 kN-m/m³）测定土壤实验室压实特性的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods cover laboratory compaction methods used to determine the relationship between molding water content and dry unit weight of soils (compaction curve) compacted in a 4or 6-in. (101.6or 152.4-mm) diameter mold with a 10.00-lbf. (44.48-N) rammer dropped from a height of 18.00 in. (457.2 mm) producing a compactive effort of 56 000 ft-lbf/ft3 (2700 kN-m/m3 ). NOTE 1—The equipment and procedures are the same as proposed by the U.S. Corps of Engineers in 1945. The modified effort test (see 3.1.3) is sometimes referred to as the Modified Proctor Compaction Test. 1.1.1 Soils and soil-aggregate mixtures are to be regarded as natural occurring fineor coarse-grained soils, or composites or mixtures of natural soils, or mixtures of natural and processed soils or aggregates such as gravel or crushed rock. Hereafter referred to as either soil or material. 1.2 These test methods apply only to soils (materials) that have 30 % or less by mass of their particles retained on the 3⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve and have not been previously compacted in the laboratory; that is, do not reuse compacted soil. 1.2.1 For relationships between unit weights and molding water contents of soils with 30 % or less by weight of material retained on the 3⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve to unit weights and molding water contents of the fraction passing the 3⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve, see Practice D4718/D4718M. 1.3 Three alternative methods are provided. The method used shall be as indicated in the specification for the material being tested. If no method is specified, the choice should be based on the material gradation. 1.3.1 Method A: 1.3.1.1 Mold—4-in. (101.6-mm) diameter. 1.3.1.2 Material—Passing No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve. 1.3.1.3 Layers—Five. 1.3.1.4 Blows per layer—25. 1.3.1.5 Usage—May be used if 25 % or less by mass of the material is retained on the No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve. However, if 5 to 25 % by mass of the material is retained on the No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve, Method A can be used but oversize corrections will be required (See 1.4) and there are no advantages to using Method A in this case. 1.3.1.6 Other Use—If this gradation requirement cannot be met, then Methods B or C may be used. 1.3.2 Method B: 1.3.2.1 Mold—4-in. (101.6-mm) diameter. 1.3.2.2 Material—Passing 3⁄8-in. (9.5-mm) sieve. 1.3.2.3 Layers—Five. 1.3.2.4 Blows per layer—25. 1.3.2.5 Usage—May be used if 25 % or less by mass of the material is retained on the 3⁄8-in. (9.5-mm) sieve. However, if 5 to 25 % of the material is retained on the 3⁄8-in. (9.5-mm) sieve, Method B can be used but oversize corrections will be required (See 1.4). In this case, the only advantages to using Method B rather than Method C are that a smaller amount of sample is needed and the smaller mold is easier to use. 1.3.2.6 Other Usage—If this gradation requirement cannot be met, then Method C may be used. 1.3.3 Method C: 1.3.3.1 Mold—6-in. (152.4-mm) diameter. 1.3.3.2 Material—Passing 3⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve. 1.3.3.3 Layers—Five. 1.3.3.4 Blows per layer—56. 1.3.3.5 Usage—May be used if 30 % or less (see 1.4) by mass of the material is retained on the 3⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve. 1.3.4 The 6-in. (152.4-mm) diameter mold shall not be used with Method A or B. NOTE 2—Results have been found to vary slightly when a material is tested at the same compactive effort in different size molds, with the smaller mold size typically yielding larger values of unit weight and density (1).2 1.4 If the test specimen contains more than 5 % by mass of oversize fraction (coarse fraction) and the material will not be 1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.03 on Texture, Plasticity and Density Characteristics of Soils. Current edition approved July 1, 2021. Published July 2021. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D1557 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/ D1557-12R21. 2 The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this standard. *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 included in the test, corrections must be made to the unit weight and molding water content of the test specimen or to the appropriate field in-place unit weight (or density) test specimen using Practice D4718/D4718M. 1.5 This test method will generally produce a well-defined maximum dry unit weight for non-free draining soils. If this test method is used for free-draining soils the maximum unit weight may not be well defined, and can be less than obtained using Test Methods D4253. 1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, unless superseded by these test methods. 1.6.1 For purposes of comparing measured or calculated value(s) with specified limits, the measured or calculated value(s) shall be rounded to the nearest decimal or significant digits in the specified limits. 1.6.2 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/ recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of these test methods to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design. 1.7 The values in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in SI units are provided for information only, except for units of mass. The units for mass are given in SI units only, g or kg. 1.7.1 It is common practice in the engineering profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and a force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate systems of units; that is, the absolute system and the gravitational system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single standard. These test methods have been written using the gravitational system of units when dealing with the inch-pound system. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight). However, the use of balances or scales recording pounds of mass (lbm) or the recording of density in lbm/ft3 shall not be regarded as a nonconformance with this standard. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.9 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury containing products or both into your state may be prohibited by state law. 1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft³ (2,700 kN-m/m³))

GSO ISO 22477-10:2021 岩土勘察和测试 岩土结构测试 第10部分：桩测试：快速载荷测试

ISO 22477-10:2016 establishes the specifications for the execution of rapid load pile tests in which a single pile is subject to an axial load in compression to measure its load-displacement behaviour under rapid loading and to allow an assessment of its measured compressive resistance (Rc,m) and corresponding load-displacement behaviour. ISO 22477-10:2016 is applicable to piles loaded axially in compression. All pile types mentioned in EN 1536, EN 12699 and EN 14199 are covered by this part of ISO 22477. The tests in this part of ISO 22477 are limited to rapid load pile tests only. NOTE 1 This part of ISO 22477 can be used in conjunction with EN 1997?1. Numerical values of partial factors for limit states from pile load tests to be taken into account in design are provided in EN 1997?1. For design to EN 1997?1, the results from rapid load pile testing will be considered equivalent to the measured compressive resistance, Rc,m, after being subject to appropriate analysis. NOTE 2 Guidance on analysis of the rapid load testing results to determine measured compressive resistance and corresponding load-displacement behaviour is given in Annex A. ISO 22477-10:2016 provides specifications for the following: a) investigation tests, whereby a sacrificial test pile is loaded up to ultimate limit state; b) control tests, whereby the pile is loaded up to a specified load in excess of the serviceability limit state. NOTE 3 Generally, an investigation test focuses on general knowledge of a pile type; a control test focuses on one specific application of a pile.

Geotechnical investigation and testing — Testing of geotechnical structures — Part 10: Testing of piles: rapid load testing

GSO ASTM D1241:2021 土壤骨料底基层、基层和表层材料的标准规范

This specification covers the quality and grading of the following materials for use in the construction of subbase, base, and surface courses: sand-clay mixtures; gravel; stone or slag screenings; sand; crusher-run coarse aggregate consisting of gravel, crushed stone, or slag combined with soil mortar; or any combination of these materials. The requirements are intended to cover materials having normal specific gravity, absorption, and gradation characteristics. Where other materials are to be used, appropriate limits suitable to their use must be specified. The material shall be classified into two types namely Type I and Type II. Type I mixtures shall consist of stone, gravel, or slag with natural or crushed sand and fine mineral particles passing a No. 200 sieve and shall conform to the requirements specified for Gradation A, B, C, or D. On the other hand, Type II mixtures shall consist of natural or crushed sand with fine mineral particles passing a No. 200 sieve, with or without stone, gravel, or slag, and shall conform to the requirements specified for Gradation E or F. Different tests shall be conducted in order to determine the following properties of the aggregates: abrasion loss, liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity index.

Standard Specification for Materials for Soil-Aggregate Subbase, Base, and Surface Courses

GSO ISO 22476-15:2021 岩土勘察和测试 现场测试 第15部分：随钻测量

ISO 22476-15:2016 specifies the technical principles for measuring equipment requirements, the execution and reporting on the parameters of the investigation drilling process for geotechnical purposes. It is applicable to top-driven, destructive drilling methods performed by a fully hydraulically powered drill rig and driving device. It is commonly used with destructive drilling techniques but can also be used with core drilling. The recording of the drilling parameters during soil grouting, drilling of nails, anchors or piles are beyond the scope of ISO 22476-15:2016.

Geotechnical investigation and testing — Field testing — Part 15: Measuring while drilling

prEN ISO 22476-1:2021 岩土工程调查和测试 现场测试 第1部分：电锥和压电锥穿透测试（ISO/DIS 22476-1:2021）

Geotechnical investigation and testing - Field testing - Part 1: Electrical cone and piezocone penetration test (ISO/DIS 22476-1:2021)

EN 16907-7:2021 土方工程 第7部分：采掘废物的液压放置

Earthworks - Part 7: Hydraulic placement of extractive waste

DIN EN ISO 22282-4:2021 岩土工程调查和测试 地质水压测试 第4部分：泵送测试（ISO 22282-4:2021）；德文版 EN ISO 22282-4:2021

This part of ISO 22282 establishes requirements for pumping tests as part of geotechnical investigation service in accordance with EN 1997-1 and EN 1997-2. This part of ISO 22282 applies to pumping tests performed on aquifers whose permeability is such that pumping from a well ca

Geotechnical investigation and testing - Geohydraulic testing - Part 4: Pumping tests (ISO 22282-4:2021); German version EN ISO 22282-4:2021

LST EN ISO 22282-4:2021 岩土工程调查和测试 地质水压测试 第4部分：泵送测试（ISO 22282-4:2021）

Geotechnical investigation and testing - Geohydraulic testing - Part 4: Pumping tests (ISO 22282-4:2021)

DB34/T 3946-2021 钢板桩基坑支护技术规程

Technical specification for steel sheet pile foundation pit support

DB34/T 3951-2021 地铁基坑地下连续墙施工技术规程

Construction technical specification for underground diaphragm wall of subway foundation pit

OENORM B 1997-1-1-2021 欧洲规范 7：岩土工程设计 第1部分：一般规则 有关 OENORM EN 1997-1 和国家补充的国家规范

Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design - Part 1: General rules - National specifications concerning OENORM EN 1997-1 and national supplements

OENORM B 4456-2021 岩土工程 锚固的耐久性

Geotechnic - Durability of anchorages

T/HBBWA 43-2021 明挖法地下综合管廊防水工程技术标准

1 总则；2 术语；3 基本规定；4 防水混凝土；5 明挖法现浇混凝土结构地下综合管廊；6 细部构造；7 明挖法预制装配式混凝土结构地下综合管廊。

Technical standard for waterproof engineering of underground comprehensive pipe gallery by open cut method

ASTM D4535-21 用膨胀计测量岩石热膨胀的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods cover the laboratory measurement of the one-dimensional linear thermal expansion of rocks using a dilatometer. 1.2 The methods are applicable between temperatures of 25°C to 300°C. Both bench top and confined measurement techniques are presented. Method A is used for unconfined or bench top measurements and Method B is used for confined conditions. Rocks of varying moisture content can be tested. 1.3 For satisfactory results in conformance with these test methods, the principles governing the size, construction, and use of the apparatus described in these test methods shall be followed. If the results are to be reported as having been obtained by either test method, then the pertinent requirements prescribed by that test method shall be met. 1.4 These test methods do not establish details of construction and procedures to cover all test situations that might offer difficulties to a person without technical knowledge concerning the theory of heat flow, temperature measurement, and general testing practices. Standardization of these test methods does not reduce the need for such technical knowledge. 1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this test method. 1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026. 1.6.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/ recorded or calculated, in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Thermal Expansion of Rock Using Dilatometer

ASTM D5030/D5030M-21 在试验坑中用水置换法测定现场土壤和岩石材料密度的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the in-place density of soil and rock materials using water to fill a lined test pit to determine the volume of the test pit. The use of the word “rock” in these test methods is used to imply that the material being tested will typically only contain particles larger than 3 in. [75 mm]. 1.2 These test methods are best suited for test pits with a volume between approximately 3 and 100 ft3 [0.08 and 3 m3 ]. In general, the materials tested would have maximum particle sizes over 5 in. [125 mm]. These test methods may be used for larger sized excavations if desirable. 1.2.1 This procedure is usually performed using circular metal templates with inside diameters of 3 ft [0.9 m] or more. Other shapes or materials may be used providing they meet the requirements of these test methods and the guidelines given in Annex A1 for the minimum volume of the test pit. 1.2.2 Test Method D4914 may be used as an alternative method. Its use, however, is usually only practical for volume determination of test pits between approximately 1 and 6 ft3 [0.03 and 0.2 m3 ]. 1.2.3 Test Method D1556 or Test Method D2167 is usually used to determine the volume of test holes smaller than 1 ft3 [0.03 m3 ]. 1.3 The two procedures are described as follows: 1.3.1 Procedure A—In-Place Density and Density of Total Material (Section 12). 1.3.2 Procedure B—In-Place Density and Density of Control Fraction (Section 13). 1.4 Selection of Procedure: 1.4.1 Procedure A is used when the in-place density of the total material is to be determined. Procedure A can also be used to determine percent compaction or percent relative density when the maximum particle size present in the in-place material being tested does not exceed the maximum particle size allowed in the laboratory compaction test (Test Methods D698, D1557, D4253, D4254, and D7382). For Test Methods D698 and D1557 only, the density determined in the laboratory compaction test may be corrected for larger particle sizes in accordance with, and subject to the limitations of, Practice D4718. 1.4.2 Procedure B is used when percent compaction or percent relative density is to be determined and the in-place material contains particles larger than the maximum particle size allowed in the laboratory compaction test methods previously described or when Practice D4718 is not applicable for the laboratory compaction test method. Then, the material is considered to consist of two fractions, or portions. The material obtained from the in-place density test is physically divided into a control fraction and an oversize fraction based on a designated sieve size. The density of the control fraction is calculated and compared with the density(ies) established by the laboratory compaction test method(s). 1.4.3 Often, the control fraction is the minus No. 4 [4.75mm] sieve size material for cohesive or nonfree-draining materials and the minus 3-in. [75-mm] sieve size material for cohesionless, free-draining materials. While other sizes may be used for the control fraction such as 3⁄8, 3⁄4-in. [9.5, 19-mm], these test methods have been prepared using only the No. 4 [4.75-mm] and the 3-in. [75-mm] sieve sizes for clarity. 1.5 Any soil and rock material can be tested, provided that the material being tested has sufficient cohesion or particle attraction to maintain stable side walls during excavation of the test pit and through completion of this test. It should also be firm enough not to deform or slough due to the minor pressures exerted while digging the hole and filling it with water. 1.6 These test methods are generally limited to material in an unsaturated or partially saturated condition above the ground water table and is not recommended for materials that are soft or friable (crumble easily) or in a moisture condition such that water seeps into the excavated hole. The accuracy of the test may be affected for materials that deform easily or that may undergo volume change in the excavated hole from standing or walking near the hole while performing the test. 1.7 Units—The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units [presented in brackets] are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact 1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.08 on Special and Construction Control Tests. Current edition approved May 15, 2021. Published June 2021. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D5030 – 13a. DOI: 10.1520/D5030_D5030M-21. *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.7.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs. The slug unit is not given, unless dynamic (F = ma) calculations are involved. 1.7.2 In the engineering profession, it is customary practice to use, interchangeably, units representing both mass and force, unless dynamic calculations (F = ma) are involved. This implicitly combines two separate systems of units, that is, the absolute system and the gravimetric system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate systems within a single standard. These test methods have been written using inch-pound units (absolute system) where the pound (lbm) represents a unit of mass; however, conversions are given in the SI system. The use of balances or scales recording pounds of weight (lbf), or the recording of density in lbf/ft3 should not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard. 1.8 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, unless superseded by this test method. 1.8.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected, recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering data. 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 9. 1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Methods for Density of In-Place Soil and Rock Materials by the Water Replacement Method in a Test Pit

UNI EN ISO 22282-4:2021 岩土工程调查和测试 地质水压测试 第4部分：泵送测试

Geotechnical investigation and testing - Geohydraulic testing - Part 4: Pumping tests

T/SCDA 012-2021 自稳式基坑支护结构技术标准

本技术基坑开挖和配筋垫层施工要求严格；前撑桩、后拉杆作为关键技术，必须进行极限承载力检测

Technical standard for self-stabilizing foundation pit support structure