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This part of ISO/TS 21268 specifies a test providing information on leaching of soil and soil materials under the experimental conditions specified hereafter, and particularly at a liquid to solid ratio of 10 l/kg dry matter. It applies to soil and soil material with a particle size less than or equal to 4 mm. This part of ISO/TS 21268 has been developed to measure the release of inorganic and organic constituents from soil and soil material and the ecotoxicological effects of eluates with respect to micro-organisms, fauna and flora. The test is not suitable for constituents that are volatile under ambient conditions. For ecotoxicological testing, see ISO 15799. NOTE 1 Volatile organic constituents include the low-molecular-weight components in mixtures such as mineral oil. NOTE 2 It is not always possible to optimise test conditions simultaneously for inorganic and organic constituents and optimum test conditions may also vary between different groups of organic constituents. Test requirements for organic constituents are generally more stringent than those for inorganic constituents. The test conditions suitable for measuring the release of organic constituents will generally also be applicable to inorganic constituents. NOTE 3 For ecotoxicological testing, eluates representing the release of both inorganic and organic contaminants are needed. In this document, ecotoxicological testing is also meant to include genotoxicological testing. The test procedure specified in this part of ISO/TS 21268 produces eluates, which are subsequently characterised by existing physical, chemical and ecotoxicological standard methods. This test is mainly aimed at being used for routine and control purposes, and it cannot be used alone to describe all leaching properties of a soil. Additional leaching tests are needed for that extended goal. This part of ISO/TS 21268 does not address issues related to health and safety. It only determines the leaching properties as outlined in Clause 4.

Soil quality - Leaching procedures for subsequent chemical and ecotoxicological testing of soil and soil materials - Part 2: Batch test using a liquid to solid ratio of 10 l/kg dry matter

ICS
13.080.05
CCS
B11
发布
2007-07
实施

This International Standard specifies a method for pretreatment of soil samples by freeze-drying for subsequent analysis. This International Standard is applicable to soil samples for subsequent determination of elements or organic compounds recoginzed as non-volatile under freeze-drying conditions.Generally,this International Standard can also be applied to samples from sludges and sediments. This method is also applicable as a first step for the determination of dry matter(or water)content,for instance in the case of samples with high water content.

Soil quality - Pretreatment of samples by freeze-drying for subsequent analysis (ISO 16720:2005); English version of DIN EN ISO 16720:2007-06

ICS
13.080.20
CCS
B11
发布
2007-06
实施

This standard describes the determination of Cr(VI) in solid waste material and soil by alkaline digestion and ion chromatography with spectrophotometric detection. This method can be used to determine Cr(VI)-mass fractions in solids higher than 0,1 mg/kg. NOTE In case of reducing or oxidising waste matrix no valid Cr(VI) content can be reported.

Characterisation of waste and soil - Determination of Chromium(VI) in solid material by alkaline digestion and ion chromatography with spectrophotometric detection; English version of DIN EN 15192:2007-02

ICS
13.030.10;13.080.10
CCS
B11
发布
2007-02-01
实施

This part of ISO 23611 specifies a method for sampling, extracting and preserving collembolans and mites from field soils as a prerequisite for using these animals as bio-indicators (e.g. to assess the quality of a soil as a habitat for organisms). Basic information on the ecology of micro-arthropods and their use can be found in the references listed in the Bibliography. The sampling and extraction methods of this part of ISO 23611 are applicable to almost all types of soils. Exceptions may be soils from extreme climatic conditions (hard, frozen or flooded soils) and other matrices than soil, e.g. tree trunks, plants or lichens. For the sampling design of field studies in general, see ISO 10381-1. Methods for some other soil organism groups such as .earthworms are covered in other parts of ISO 23611. This part of ISO 23611 does not cover the pedological characterization of the site which is highly recommendable when sampling soil invertebrates. ISO 10390, ISO 10694, ISO 11272, ISO 11274, ISO 11277, ISO 11461 and ISO 11465 are more suitable for measuring pH, particle size distribution, C/N ratio, organic carbon content and water-holding capacity.

Soil quality - Sampling of soil invertebrates - Part 2: Sampling and extraction of micro-arthropods (Collembola and Acarina) (ISO 23611-2:2006) English version of DIN ISO 23611-2:2007-02

ICS
13.080.30
CCS
B11
发布
2007-02
实施

This part of ISO 23611 specifies a method for sampling and handling earthworms from field soils as a prerequisite for using these animals as bioindicators (e.g. to assess the quality of a soil as a habitat for organisms). Basic information on the ecology of earthworms and their use as bioindicators in the terrestrial environment can be found in the references listed in the bibliography. This part of ISO 23611 applies to all terrestrial biotopes in which earthworms occur. The sampling design of field studies in general is specified in IS010381-1 (see also Reference [38]) and guidance on the determination of effects of pollutants on earthworms in field situations is given in ISO 11268-3. These details can vary according to the national requirements or the climatic/regional conditions of the site to be sampled (see also Annex C). ?- This part of ISO 23611 is not applicable for semi-terrestrial soils and it can be difficult to use under extreme climatic or geographical conditions (e.g. in high mountains). Methods for some other soil organism groups, such as collembolans, are covered in other parts of ISO 23611. This part of ISO 23611 does not cover the pedological characterization of the site which is highly recommendable when sampling soil invertebrates. ISO 10390, ISO 10694, ISO 11272, ISO 11274, ISO 11277, ISO 11461 and ISO 11465 are more suitable for measuring pH, particle size distribution, C/N ratio, organic carbon content and water-holding capacity.

Soil quality - Sampling of soil invertebrates - Part 1: Hand-sorting and formalin extraction of earthworms (ISO 23611-1:2006) English version of DIN ISO 23611-1:2007-02

ICS
13.080.30
CCS
B11
发布
2007-02
实施

This part of ISO 10381 gives guidance on the procedure for the investigation of urban and industrial sites, where either it is known that soil contamination is present, or the presence of soil contamination is suspected. It is also applicable where there is a need to establish the contamination status of the site, or there is a need to establish the environmental quality of the site for other purposes. This part of ISO 10381 includes guidance on the collection of information that is necessary for risk assessment and/or the development of remedial action plans (e.g. whether remediation is required and suggestions as to how this might be best achieved). However, it only provides guidance on the information required in general. It is emphasized that specific remediation methods may need additional information. This part of ISO 10381 is also applicable to sites where no soil contamination is expected, but the soil quality is to be determined (e.g. to make sure that there is no contamination present). Although the sites considered in this document have been defined as urban and industrial sites, the guidance contained in this part of ISO 10381 is equally applicable to any site where the degree and extent of contamination needs to be established. NOTE 1 Contamination is defined as a result of human influences; however, the methods described for investigation are also applicable where there are naturally high concentrations of potentially harmful substances. NOTE 2 A number of different objectives for soil sampling are listed in Annex A, along with references to the relevant parts of ISO 10381. NOTE 3 Although the general part of the information for the risk assessment and/or the development of remedial action plans is gathered by applying this part of ISO 10381, this document does not give guidance on the decisions and actions j that follow from a site investigation, for example, risk assessment and decisions about the requirements for remediation (if any). NOTE 4 This part of ISO 10381 deals only with the investigation of the ground. It is important to recognize that on old urban and industrial sites, there may be derelict buildings and/or industrial plants awaiting demolition, dismantling or refurbishment. Failure to investigate these buildings before demolition may put the safety of workers at risk or lead to the spread of contamination on and around the site. The investigation of derelict buildings or remnant foundations falls outside the scope of this part of ISO 10381. NOTE 5 In many situations there is a close relation between the contamination of the soil, ground water, soil gas and — to a lesser extent — surface water.

Soil quality - Sampling - Part 5: Guidance on the procedure for the investigation of urban and industrial sites with regard to soil contamination (ISO 10381-5:2005) English version of DIN ISO 10381-5:2007-02

ICS
13.080.05
CCS
B11
发布
2007-02
实施

The soluble salt content may be used to correct the index properties of soils (water content, void ratio, specific gravity, degree of saturation, and dry density). It is necessary to minimize the time period between sampling and testing due to chemical changes which may occur within the soil sample. Note 18212;The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D 3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D 3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors. Note 28212;Hulbert and Brindle (2) and Torrance (3) have shown that prolonged storage should be avoided as unpredictable and nonreproducible chemical changes may occur.1.1 This test method covers a rapid procedure for squeezing pore water from fine-grained soils for the purpose of determining the amount of soluble salts present in the extracted pore water.1.2 This test method was developed for soils having a water content equal to or greater than approximately 14 %, for example, marine soils. An extensive summary of procedures for extracting pore water from soils has been presented by Kriukov and Manheim (1).1.3 This test method is not generally applicable for determining the soluble salt content of the pore water extracted from coarse-grained soils, such as clean sands and gravels.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D 6026.

Standard Test Method for Pore Water Extraction and Determination of the Soluble Salt Content of Soils by Refractometer

ICS
13.080.10 (Chemical characteristics of soil)
CCS
B11
发布
2007
实施

1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the point resistance during penetration of a conical-shaped penetrometer as it is advanced into subsurface soils at a steady rate.1.2 This test method is also used to determine the frictional resistance of a cylindrical sleeve located behind the conical point as it is advanced through subsurface soils at a steady rate.1.3 This test method applies to friction-cone penetrometers of the electric and electronic type. Field tests using mechanical-type penetrometers are covered elsewhere by Test Method D 3441.1.4 This test method can be used to determine porewater pressures developed during the penetration, thus termed piezocone. Porewater pressure dissipation, after a push, can also be monitored for correlation to time rate of consolidation and permeability.1.5 Additional sensors, such as inclinometer, seismic geophones, resistivity, electrical conductivity, dielectric, and temperature sensors, may be included in the penetrometer to provide useful information. The use of an inclinometer is highly recommended since it will provide information on potentially damaging situations during the sounding process.1.6 Cone penetration test data can be used to interpret subsurface stratigraphy, and through use of site specific correlations, they can provide data on engineering properties of soils intended for use in design and construction of earthworks and foundations for structures.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Within Section 13 on Calculations, SI units are considered the standard. Other commonly used units such as the inch-pound system are shown in brackets. The various data reported should be displayed in mutually compatible units as agreed to by the client or user. Cone tip projected area is commonly referred to in square centimetres for convenience. The values stated in each system are not equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Note 1This test method does not include hydraulic or pneumatic penetrometers. However, many of the procedural requirements herein could apply to those penetrometers. Also, offshore/marine CPT systems may have procedural differences because of the difficulties of testing in those environments (for example, tidal variations, salt water, waves). Mechanical CPT systems are covered under Test Method D 3441.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Electronic Friction Cone and Piezocone Penetration Testing of Soils

ICS
13.080.20 (Physical properties of soil)
CCS
B11
发布
2007
实施

1.1 These definitions apply to many terms found in the Terminology section of standards of ASTM Committee D18.1.2 This standard defines terms related to soil, rock, and contained fluids found in the terminology sections of standards under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18.1.3 These terms define many words found in the Terminology section of standards of ASTM Committee D18.1.4 Definitions of terms relating to frozen soils are contained in Terminology D 7099.

Standard Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids

ICS
01.040.13 (Environment and health protection. Safe
CCS
B11
发布
2007
实施

The test method is used to estimate the permanganate natural oxidant demand exerted by the soil or aquifer solids by determining the quantity of potassium permanganate that is consumed by naturally occurring species as a function of time. Typically the measurement of PNOD is used to screen potential sites for in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) with permanganate (Test Method A) and provide information to aid in the design of remediation systems (Test Method B). While some oxidizable species react relatively quickly (that is, days to weeks), others react more slower (weeks to months). Consequently, the PNODt is expected to be some fraction of the PNODmax. Due to mass transport related issues at the field-scale it is reasonable to assume that the PNODt measured using the test method may overestimate the demand exerted during ISCO applications. Note 18212;The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/and so forth.1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the permanganate natural oxidant demand (PNOD) through the determination of the quantity of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) that organic matter and other naturally occurring oxidizable species present in soil or aquifer solids will consume under specified conditions as a function of time. Oxidizable species may include organic constituents and oxidizable inorganic ions, such as ferrous iron and sulfides. The following test methods are included:Test Method A-48-hour Permanganate Natural Oxidant Demand Test Method B-Permanganate Natural Oxidant Demand Kinetics 1.2 This test method is limited by the reagents employed to a permanganate natural oxidant demand (PNOD) of 60 g KMnO4 per kg soil or aquifer solids after a period of 48 hours (Method A) or two weeks (Method B).1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D 6026.1.4 Units - The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to interpret the results of the data. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to interpret the results obtained and to determine the applicability of these results prior to use.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Estimating the Permanganate Natural Oxidant Demand of Soil and Aquifer Solids

ICS
13.080.01 (Soil quality in general)
CCS
B11
发布
2007
实施

This test method quantifies the ability of a sediment retention device (SRD) to retain eroded sediments caused by sheet flowing water under full-scale conditions. This test method may also assist in identifying physical attributes of SRDs that contribute to their erosion control performance. The effectiveness of SRDs is installation dependent. Thus, replicating field installation techniques is an important aspect of this test method. This test method is full-scale and therefore, appropriate as an indication of product performance, for general comparison of product capabilities, and for assessment of product installation techniques. Note 18212;Test Method D 5141 is an alternate test method for evaluating sediment retention device effectiveness, if it is not necessary to simulate field installation conditions. Note 28212;The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D 3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors: Practice D 3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 This test method establishes the guidelines, requirements and procedures for evaluating the ability of Sediment Retention Devices (SRDs) to retain sediment when exposed to sediment-laden water "sheet" flows. 1.2 This test method is applicable to the use of an SRD as a vertical permeable interceptor designed to remove suspended soil from overland, nonconcentrated water flow. The function of an SRD is to trap and allow settlement of soil particles from sediment laden water. The purpose is to reduce the transport of eroded soil from a disturbed site by water runoff.1.3 The test method presented herein is intended to indicate representative performance and is not necessarily adequate for all purposes in view of the wide variety of possible sediments and performance objectives.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D 6026.1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that should generally be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consideration for the users objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Sediment Retention Device Effectiveness in Sheet Flow Applications

ICS
13.080.05 (Examination of soil in general)
CCS
B11
发布
2007
实施

1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the water (moisture) content of soils by drying with direct heat, such as using a hotplate, stove, blowtorch, etc.1.2 This test method can be used as a substitute for Test Methods D 2216 when more rapid results are desired to expedite other phases of testing and slightly less accurate results are acceptable.1.3 When questions of accuracy between this test method and Test Methods D 2216 arise, Test Methods D 2216 shall be the referee method.1.4 This test method is applicable for most soil types. For some soils, such as those containing significant amounts of halloysite, mica, montmorillonite, gypsum, or other hydrated materials, highly organic soils or soils that contain dissolved solids, (such as salt in the case of marine deposits), this test method may not yield reliable water content values.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.6 Refer to Practice D 6026 for guidance concerning the use of significant figures. This is important if the water content will be used to calculate other relationships such as moist mass to dry mass or vice versa, wet unit weight to dry unit weight or vice versa, and total density to dry density or vice versa. For example, if four significant digits are required in any of the above calculations, then the water content has to be recorded to the nearest 0.1%. This occurs since 1 plus the water content (not in percent) will have four significant digits, While, if three significant digits are acceptable, then the water content can be recorded to the nearest 1%1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil By Direct Heating

ICS
13.080.40 (Hydrological properties of soil)
CCS
B11
发布
2007
实施

1.1 This specification covers a physical evaluation of an inorganic soil containing a limited amount of organic material, relative to its use as a topsoil for horticultural purposes in construction. For classification, a full agricultural textural classification may be used.1.2 The presence in the soil of the correct nutrients and pH status is necessary for healthy plant growth. This specification does not, however, cover a determination of the nutrients, nor their availability. Note 1 - The nutrient content of topsoil is important and the nutrients usually evaluated are nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium. Nutrient deficiencies may be corrected using organic or inorganic fertilizers. Excess soluble salts should be examined as to their desirability. The acidity or alkalinity of the soil is also important. Excess acidity may be corrected by the application of lime. Excess alkalinity may be corrected by the application of sulfur or other suitable acidifying compounds. The latter item, in addition to lowering pH, also could be considered as an aggregate when considering the particle size distribution.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Specification for Topsoil Used for Landscaping Purposes

ICS
65.020.40 (Landscaping and silviculture)
CCS
B11
发布
2007
实施

1.1 This index test method establishes the guidelines, requirements and procedures for evaluating the ability of unvegetated rolled erosion control products (RECPs) to protect soils from simulated rainfall (rain splash) and minimal runoff induced erosion. The critical element of this protection is the ability of the unvegetated RECP to absorb the impact force of raindrops, thereby reducing soil particle loosening through "splash" mechanisms, and limiting the ability of runoff to carry the loosened soil particles.1.2 This index test method utilizes bench-scale testing procedures and is not indicative of unvegetated RECP performance in conditions typically found in the field.Note 1The values obtained with this bench scale procedure are for initial performance indication, general product comparison and conformance purposes only. These values should not be used in estimating RECP soil protection in actual field use with such calculations as the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) or Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) without verification from qualified, large-scale tests.1.3 This index test is not intended to replace full-scale simulation or field testing in acquisition of performance values that are required in the design of erosion control measures utilizing unvegetated RECPs.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D 6026, unless superseded by this standard.1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the users objectives, and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this index test method to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use and may involve use of hazardous materials, equipment, and operations. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Also, the user must comply with prevalent regulatory codes, such as OSHA (Occupational Health and Safety Administration) guidelines, while using the index test method.

Standard Index Test Method for Determination of Unvegetated Rolled Erosion Control Product (RECP) Ability to Protect Soil from Rain Splash and Associated Runoff Under Bench-Scale Conditions

ICS
13.080.01 (Soil quality in general)
CCS
B11
发布
2007
实施

This International Standard specifies the pretreatments required for soil samples that are to be subjected to physico-chemical analyses of stable and non-volatile parameters and describes the following five types of pretreatment of samples: drying, crushing, sieving, dividing and milling. The pretreatment procedures described in this International Standard are not applicable if they affect the results of the determinations to be made. This International Standard is also not applicable to samples when volatile compounds are measured. In general, International Standards for analytical methods will state when it is necessary to adopt other procedures.

Soil quality - Pretreatment of samples for physico-chemical analyses (ISO 11464:2006)

ICS
13.080.05
CCS
B11
发布
2006-12
实施

This International Standard specifies the pretreatments required for soil samples that are to be subjected to physico-chemical analyses of stable and non-volatile parameters and describes the following five types of pretreatment of samples: drying, crushing, sieving, dividing and milling. The pretreatment procedures described in this International Standard are not applicable if they affect the results of the determinations to be made. This International Standard is also not applicable to samples when volatile compounds are measured. In general, International Standards for analytical methods will state when it is necessary to adopt other procedures.

Soil quality - Pretreatment of samples for physio-chemical analysis

ICS
13.080.05
CCS
B11
发布
2006-10-31
实施
2006-10-31

이 규격은 토양의 다양한 물질 종류 중 제초제를 정량 및 정성 분석하는 고성능 액체 크로마

Soil quality-Determination of herbicides-Method using HPLC with UV-detection

ICS
13.080.10
CCS
B11
发布
2006-10-27
实施
2006-10-27

이 규격은 현장 상태의 습윤 토양 시료 1 mol/L 염화칼륨 추출액 중 질산성, 아질산성

Soil quality-Determination of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium in field-moist soils by extraction with potassium chloride solution-Part 2:Automated method with segmented flow analysis

ICS
13.080.10
CCS
B11
发布
2006-10-27
实施
2006-10-27

이 규격은 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC)를 이용

Soil quality-Determination of dehydrogenase activity in soils- Part 1:Method using triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC)

ICS
13.080.30
CCS
B11
发布
2006-10-27
实施
2006-10-27

규격은 2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyltet

Soil quality-Determination of dehydrogenase activity in soils- Part 2:Method using iodotetrazolium chloride(INT)

ICS
13.080.30
CCS
B11
发布
2006-10-27
实施
2006-10-27



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