E24 天然气 标准查询与下载

BS ISO 8943:2008 冷冻轻质烃液.液化天然气的取样.连续法和间歇法

This International Standard specifies methods for the continuous and the intermittent sampling of LNG while it is being transferred through an LNG transfer line.

Refrigerated light hydrocarbon fluids - Sampling of liquefied natural gas - Continuous and intermittent methods

NF X20-521*NF EN ISO 6327:2008 气体分析.天然气水露点的测定.表面冷却露点湿度计

Gas analysis - Determination of the water dew point of natural gas - Cooled surface condensation hygrometers.

DIN 51624:2008 机动车燃料.压缩的天然气.要求和试验方法

Automotive fuels - Compressed natural gas - Requirements and test methods

GOST 31371.1-2008 天然气.用气相色谱分析法测定规定了不确定度的组分.第1部分:特定分析导则

Natural gas. Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography method. Part 1. Guidelines for tailored analysis

GOST 31371.7-2008 天然气.气相色谱法测定规定的不确定度的组分.第7部分:成份的摩尔分数的测量程序

Natural gas. Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography method. Part 7. Measurement procedure of the mole fraction of components

GOST 31370-2008 天然气.抽样指南

Natural gas. Sampling guidelines

ASME STP-TS-012-2008 燃气轮机使用的工作燃气的热物理特性

This document presents a collection of ideal gas and real gas data for 14 chemical species and air, in temperature and pressure ranges typically of interest to the gas turbine performance community. It provides recommended thermodynamic and transport property data and it explicitly presents the relatively simple equations required for calculating the ideal gas property data. The much more comprehensive reference equations for the real fluid behavior are available from cited publications.

Thermophysical Properties of Working Gases Used in Gas Turbine Applications

ASTM D7493-08 用气相色谱法和电化学检测法在线检测天然气和气体燃料中硫化物的标准试验方法

Gaseous fuels, such as natural gas, petroleum gases and bio-gases, contain varying amounts and types of sulfur compounds. These sulfur compounds are generally odorous, corrosive to equipment, and can inhibit or destroy catalysts employed in gas processing and end use, such as those used in fuel cell. Their accurate on-line measurement is essential to gas processing, operation and utilization, and of regulatory interest. Small amounts (typically, total 4-6 PPMv) of sulfur odorants are added to natural gas and other fuel gases for safety purposes. Some sulfur odorants can be reactive, and may be oxidized, forming more stable sulfur compounds having lower odor thresholds. These gaseous fuels are analyzed for sulfur odorants to help in monitoring and to ensure appropriate odorant levels for public safety. This method offers an on-line technique to continuously identify and quantify individual target sulfur species in gaseous fuel with automatic calibration and validation.1.1 This test method is for on-line measurement of volatile sulfur-containing compounds in gaseous fuels by gas chromatography (GC) and electrochemical (EC) detection. The test method is applicable to hydrogen sulfide, C1-C4 mercaptans, sulfides and tetrahydrothiophene (THT). 1.1.1 Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is not covered in this test method. 1.1.2 The detection range for sulfur compounds is approximately from 0.1 to 100 PPMv or 0.1 to 100 mg/m3. The detection range may vary depending on the sample injection volume, chromatographic peak separation and the sensitivity of specific EC detector. 1.2 This test method describes a GC-EC method employing packed GC columns and a specific detector as an illustration for natural gas and other gaseous fuel containing mainly light hydrocarbons. Alternative GC columns, detector designs and instrument parameters may be used for the same analysis or for different types of gaseous fuel, provided that appropriate chromatographic separation and optimal detection of these compounds can be achieved. 1.3 This test method does not intend to identify and measure all individual sulfur species, and is mainly employed for monitoring natural sulfur and sulfur odorant compounds commonly found in fuel gases or employed as an odorous warning agent in fuel gases. 1.4 The test method is normally employed for repetitive on-line monitoring of sulfur components in fuel gases with a single sulfur standard. The test method may be employed for laboratory-quality measurement with more extensive calibration. (See Test Methods D 5504, D 5623, D 6228, D 6968, ISO 19739, ISO 6326-2, and GPA 2199.) 1.5 The test method can be used for measurement of all listed sulfur compounds in air or other gases, provided that no compound, which can interfere with the GC separation and electrochemical detection, is present. 1.6 This test method is written in conjunction with Practices D 5287, D 7165 and D 7166. 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Online Measurement of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatograph and Electrochemical Detection

GOST 31369-2008 天然气.热值、密度和相对密度及化合物沃泊指数的计算

Natural gas. Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe index from composition

GOST 31371.3-2008 天然气.气相色谱法测定规定的不确定度的组分.第3部分:用两填充柱测定氢、氦、氧、氮、二氧化碳和碳至C8的烃类

Natural gas. Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography method. Part 3. Determination of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons up to C8 using two packed columns

GOST 31371.5-2008 天然气.气相色谱法测定规定的不确定度的组分.第5部分:用三柱测定实验室和在线处理用的氮、二氧化碳、C1至C5和C6+的烃类

Natural gas. Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography method. Part 5. Determination of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C5 and C6+ hydrocarbons for a laboratory and on-line process application using three columns

GOST 31371.6-2008 天然气.气相色谱法测定规定的不确定度的组分.第6部分:用三个毛细管柱测定氢、氦、氧、氮、二氧化碳和C1至C8的烃类

Natural gas. Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography method. Part 6. Determination of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C8 hydrocarbons using three capillary columns

GOST 31371.4-2008 天然气.用气相色谱分析法测定规定了不确定度的组分.第4部分:利用两个封装柱在实验室和在线测量系统进行的氢、氦、氧、氮、二氧化碳和C1到C5及C6+碳氢化合物测定

Natural gas. Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography method. Part 4. Determination of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C5 and C6+ hydrocarbons for a laboratory and on-line measuring system using two columns

GOST 31371.2-2008 天然气.用气相色谱分析法测定规定了不确定度的组分.第2部分:测量系统特性和数据处理统计

Natural gas. Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography method. Part 2. Measuring-system characteristics and statistics for processing of data

ASTM D6273-08 天然气气味强度的标准试验方法

Federal regulations (49 CFR Part 192.625) state: “A combustible gas in a distribution line must contain a natural odorant or be odorized so that at a concentration in air of one-fifth of the lower explosive limit, the gas is readily detectable by a person with a normal sense of smell.” These regulations state further that “each operator shall conduct periodic sampling of combustible gases to assure the proper concentration of odorant in accordance with this section.” Additionally, a number of states have enacted legislation that requires natural gas to be odorized so that it is detectable at concentrations less than one fifth of the lower explosive limit. See note Note 1. While regulations do not specify the exact method for determining compliance, it has been documented that compliance testing must be olfactory in nature. Note 18212;For example, Massachusetts Section 192.625 MFS Standards requires that “... a concentration of fifteen hundredths of one percent gas in the air is readily perceptible to the normal or average olfactory senses of a person ... .” These test methods cover procedures to measure the odor level of natural gas by way of olfactory determination. No direct correlation may be ascertained between these test methods and those methods available or under development that quantitatively measure the concentration of sulfur compounds in natural gas. These test methods outline general procedures to measure the odor detection levels of natural gas. It is the responsibility of persons using these test methods to develop and maintain equipment and specific operating procedures to ensure public safety and compliance with all appropriate regulations.1.1 These test methods cover the procedures for determining the odor intensity of natural gas through the use of instruments that dilute and mix the sampled natural gas with air. The mixed gas stream is then sniffed by the operator for the purpose of determining the threshold detection level or the readily detection level, or both, for odorant in the natural gas stream. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Natural Gas Odor Intensity

ASTM D5504-08 用气相色谱和化学发光法测定天然气和气体燃料中硫化物含量的标准试验方法

Many sources of natural and petroleum gases contain sulfur compounds that are odorous, corrosive, and poisonous to catalysts used in gaseous fuel processing. Low ppm amounts of sulfur odorants are added to natural gas and LP gases for safety purposes. Some odorants are unstable and react to form compounds having lower odor thresholds. Quantitative analysis of these odorized gases ensures that odorant injection equipment is performing to specification. Although not intended for application to gases other than natural gas and related fuels, this test method has been successfully applied to fuel type gases including refinery, landfill, cogeneration, and sewage digester gas. Refinery, landfill, sewage digester and other related fuel type gases inherently contain volatile sulfur compounds that are subject to federal, state, or local control. The methane fraction of these fuel type gases are occasionally sold to distributors of natural gas. For these reasons, both regulatory agencies and production and distribution facilities may require the accurate determination of sulfur to satisfy regulatory, production or distribution requirements. Fuel gases are also used in energy production or are converted to new products using catalysts that are poisoned by excessive sulfur in the feed gas. Industry frequently requires measurement of sulfur in these fuel type gases to protect their catalyst investments. Analytical Methods8212;Gas chromatography (GC) is commonly used in the determination of fixed gas and organic composition of natural gas (Test Method D 1945). Other standard ASTM methods for the analysis of sulfur in fuel gases include Test Methods D 1072 and D 4468 for total sulfur and Test Methods D 4010 and D 4884 for hydrogen sulfide.1.1 This test method is primarily for the determination of speciated volatile sulfur-containing compounds in high methane content gaseous fuels such as natural gas. It has been successfully applied to other types of gaseous samples including air, digester, landfill, and refinery fuel gas. The detection range for sulfur compounds, reported as picograms sulfur, is ten (10) to one million (1 000 000). This is equivalent to 0.01 to 1 000 mg/m3, based upon the analysis of a 1 cc sample. 1.2 The range of this test method may be extended to higher concentration by dilution or by selection of a smaller sample loop. Note 18212; Dilution will reduce method precision. 1.3 This test method does not purport to identify all sulfur species in a sample. Only compounds that are eluted through the selected column under the chromatographic conditions chosen are determined. The detector response to sulfur is equimolar for all sulfur compounds within the scope (1.1) of this test method. Thus, unidentified compounds are determined with equal precision to that of identified substances. Total sulfur content is determined from the total of individually quantified components. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Chemiluminescence

ISO 15112:2007 天然气.能量测定

This International Standard provides the means for energy determination of natural gas by measurement or by calculation, and describes the related techniques and measures that are necessary to take. The calculation of thermal energy is based on the separate measurement of the quantity, either by mass or by volume, of gas transferred and its measured or calculated calorific value. The general means of calculating uncertainties are also given. Only systems currently in use are described. This International Standard applies to any gas-measuring station from domestic to very large high-pressure transmission. New techniques are not excluded provided their proven performance is equivalent to, or better than, that of those techniques referred to in this International Standard. Gas-measuring systems are not the subject of this International Standard.

Natural gas - Energy determination

ISO/TR 11150:2007 天然气.碳氢化合物的露点和碳氢化合物的含量

This Technical Report describes the various means of estimating hydrocarbon dew point and hydrocarbon content of natural gas.

Natural gas - Hydrocarbon dew point and hydrocarbon content

KS I ISO 6976:2007 天然气.热值、密度和相对密度及化合物沃泊指数的计算

이 규격은 가스 조성의 몰분율을 알고 있을 때, 건조 천연가스, 대체 천연가스 및 기타 가

Natural gas－Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe index from composition

EN ISO/TR 24094:2007 天然气分析.气体标准物质的验证方法

Analysis of natural gas - Validation methods for gaseous reference materials