F12 太阳能 标准查询与下载

ARP 062-9-6-2009 乡村电气化的小型可再生能源和混合系统推荐标准；第9-6部分:综合系统.个人电气化光伏系统(PV-IES)的选择

Proposes a simple selection procedure and cheap, comparative tests which can be performed in laboratories of developing countries, in order to identify the most suitable model of small Photovoltaic Individual Electrification Systems (PV-IES) up to 500 Wp

Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 9-6: Integrated system - Selection of Photovoltaic Individual Electrification Systems (PV-IES)

DIN EN 60904-3:2009 光电器件.第3部分:带基准光谱辐照数据的地球光电(PV)太阳能器件的测量原理

Photovoltaic devices - Part 3: Measurement principles for terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) solar devices with reference spectral irradiance data (IEC 60904-3:2008); German version EN 60904-3:2008

BS EN 50521:2008+A1:2012 光伏系统连接器. 安全要求和试验

Connectors for photovoltaic systems. Safety requirements and tests

BS EN 60904-3:2008 光电器件.用参考光谱照射数据对陆地光电(PV)太阳能装置的测量原理

This part of IEC 60904 applies to the following photovoltaic devices for terrestrial applications: – solar cells with or without a protective cover; – sub-assemblies of solar cells; – modules; – systems. NOTE The term “test specimen” is used to denote any of these devices. The principles contained in this standard cover testing in both natural and simulated sunlight. This standard is not applicable to solar cells designed for operation in concentrated sunlight or to modules embodying concentrators. Photovoltaic conversion is spectrally selective due to the nature of the semiconductor materials used in PV solar cells and modules. To compare the relative performance of different PV devices and materials a reference standard solar spectral distribution is necessary. This standard includes such a reference solar spectral irradiance distribution. This standard also describes basic measurement principles for determining the electrical output of PV devices. The principles given in this standard are designed to relate the performance rating of PV devices to a common reference terrestrial solar spectral irradiance distribution. The reference terrestrial solar spectral irradiance distribution given in this standard is required in order to classify solar simulators according to the spectral performance requirements contained in IEC 60904-9.

Photovoltaic devices — Part 3: Measurement principles for terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) solar devices with reference spectral irradiance data

ASTM C1549-09 使用便携式太阳反射计测定接近室内温度太阳反射比的标准试验方法

The temperatures of opaque surfaces exposed to solar radiation are generally higher than the adjacent air temperatures. In the case of roofs or walls enclosing conditioned spaces, increased inward heat flows result. In the case of equipment or storage containers exposed to the sun, increased operating temperatures usually result. The extent to which solar radiation affects surface temperatures depends on the solar reflectance of the exposed surface. A solar reflectance of 1.0 (100 % reflected) would mean no effect on surface temperature while a solar reflectance of 0 (none reflected, all absorbed) would result in the maximum effect. Coatings of specific solar reflectance are used to change the temperature of surfaces exposed to sunlight. Coatings and surface finishes are commonly specified in terms of solar reflectance. The initial (clean) solar reflectance must be maintained during the life of the coating or finish to have the expected thermal performance. The test method provides a means for periodic testing of surfaces in the field or in the laboratory. Monitor changes in solar reflectance due to aging and exposure, or both, with this test method. This test method is used to measure the solar reflectance of a flat opaque surface. The precision of the average of several measurements is usually governed by the variability of reflectances on the surface being tested. Use the solar reflectance that is determined by this method to calculate the solar energy absorbed by an opaque surface as shown in Eq 1.1.1 This test method covers a technique for determining the solar reflectance of flat opaque materials in a laboratory or in the field using a commercial portable solar reflectometer. The purpose of the test method is to provide solar reflectance data required to evaluate temperatures and heat flows across surfaces exposed to solar radiation. 1.2 This test method does not supplant Test Method E903 which measures solar reflectance over the wavelength range 250 to 2500 nm using integrating spheres. The portable solar reflectometer is calibrated using specimens of known solar reflectance to determine solar reflectance from measurements at four wavelengths in the solar spectrum: 380 nm, 500 nm, 650 nm, and 1220 nm. This technique is supported by comparison of reflectometer measurements with measurements obtained using Test Method E903. This test method is applicable to specimens of materials having both specular and diffuse optical properties. It is particularly suited to the measurement of the solar reflectance of opaque materials. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Solar Reflectance Near Ambient Temperature Using a Portable Solar Reflectometer

ASTM E1171-09 模拟温度和湿度的环境中光伏组件的的标准试验方法

The useful life of photovoltaic modules may depend on their ability to withstand repeated temperature cycling with varying amounts of moisture in the air. These test methods provide procedures for simulating the effects of cyclic temperature and humidity environments. An extended duration damp heat procedure is provided to simulate the effects of long term exposure to high humidity. The durations of the individual environmental tests are specified by use of this test method; however, commonly used durations are 50 and 200 thermal cycles, 10 humidity-freeze cycles, and 1000 h of damp heat exposure, as specified by module qualification standards such as IEC 61215 and IEC 61646. Longer durations can also be specified for extended duration module stress testing. Mounting8212;Test modules are mounted so that they are electrically isolated from each other, and in such a manner to allow free air circulation around the front and back surfaces of the modules. Current Biasing: During the thermal cycling procedure, test modules are operated without illumination and with a forward-bias current equal to the maximum power point current at standard reporting conditions (SRC, see Test Methods E 1036) flowing through the module circuitry. The current biasing is intended to stress the module interconnections and solder bonds in ways similar to those that are believed to be responsible for fill-factor degradation in field-deployed modules. Effects of Test Procedures8212;Data generated using these test methods may be used to evaluate and compare the effects of simulated environment on test specimens. These test methods require determination of both visible effects and electrical performance effects. Effects on modules may vary from none to significant changes. Some physical changes in the module may be visible when there are no apparent electrical changes in the module. Similarly, electrical changes may occur with no visible changes in the module. All conditions of measurement, effects of cycling, and any deviations from this test method must be described in the report so that an assessment of their significance can be made. Sequencing8212;If these test methods are performed as part of a combined sequence with other environmental or non-environmental tests, the results of the final electrical tests (6.2) and visual inspection (6.3) determined at the end of one test may be used as the initial electrical tests and visual inspection for the next test; duplication of these tests is not necessary unless so specified.1.1 These test methods provide procedures for stressing photovoltaic modules in simulated temperature and humidity environments. Environmental testing is used to simulate aging of module materials on an accelerated basis. 1.2 Three individual environmental test procedures are defined by these test methods: a thermal cycling procedure, a humidity-freeze cycling procedure, and an extended duration damp heat procedure. Electrical biasing is utilized during the thermal cycling procedure to simulate stresses that are known to occur in field-deployed modules. 1.3 These test methods define mounting methods for modules undergoing environmental testing, and specify parameters that must be recorded and reported. 1.4 These test methods do not establish pass or fail levels. The determination of acceptable or unacceptable results is beyond the scope of these test methods. 1.5 Any of the individual environmental tests may be performed singly, or may be co......

Standard Test Methods for Photovoltaic Modules in Cyclic Temperature and Humidity Environments

ASTM E2527-09 在自然光下集中陆地光电模块和系统的电气性能评级的标准试验方法

It is the intent of this test method to provide a recognized procedure for testing and reporting the electrical performance of a photovoltaic concentrator module or system. If an inverter is used as part of the system, this test method can provide a dc or ac rating or both. The dc or ac rating depends on whether the inverter input or output is monitored. The test results may be used for comparison among a group of modules or systems from a single source. They also may be used to compare diverse designs, such as products from different manufacturers. Repeated measurements of the same module or system may be used for the study of changes in device performance over a long period of time or as a result of stress testing. The test method is limited to modules and systems where the concentrated irradiance on the component cells is greater than 5000 Wm-2 at Eo. This limitation is necessary because the total irradiance is measured with a radiometer with a field of view less than 6° and because the correlation between the direct irradiance and the power produced decreases with increasing concentrator field of view. This test method assumes that the regression equation accurately predicts the concentrator performance as a function of total irradiance with a fixed spectral irradiance, wind speed, and air temperature. The spectral distribution will be seasonal and site specific because of optical air mass, water vapor, aerosols, and other meteorological variables. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the electrical performance of photovoltaic concentrator modules and systems under natural sunlight using a normal incidence pyrheliometer. 1.2 The test method is limited to module assemblies and systems where the geometric concentration ratio specified by the manufacturer is greater than 5. 1.3 This test method applies to concentrators that use passive cooling where the cell temperature is related to the air temperature. 1.4 Measurements under a variety of conditions are allowed; results are reported under a select set of concentrator reporting conditions to facilitate comparison of results. 1.5 This test method applies only to concentrator terrestrial modules and systems. 1.6 This test method assumes that the module or system electrical performance characteristics do not change during the period of test. 1.7 The performance rating determined by this test method applies only at the period of the test, and implies no past or future performance level. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Electrical Performance of Concentrator Terrestrial Photovoltaic Modules and Systems Under Natural Sunlight

DB11/T 542-2008 太阳能光伏室外照明装置技术要求

本标准规定了太阳能光伏室外照明装置的配置与分类、一般要求与安全要求、部件构成与技术性能、照明指标、试验方法、检验规则以及标志、包装、运输和贮存等的技术要求。本标准适用于北京市农村、乡镇道路、公共场所及人行道路照明用的太阳能光伏室外照明装置。

Technical reguirement of PV lighting equipment for outdoor use

DB21/T 1685-2008 太阳能光伏照明应用技术规程

Solar Photovoltaic Lighting Application Technical Regulations

DIN EN 12977-3:2008 太阳热能设备和部件.定制设备.第3部分:太阳蓄水加热器的性能试验方法

This European Standard specifies test methods for the performance characterization of stores which are intended for use in small custom built systems as specified in prCEN/TS 12977-1, Stores tested according to this document are commonly used in solar hot water systems However, also the thermal performance of all other thermal stores with water as storage medium can be assessed according to the test methods specified in this document. The document applies to stores with a nominal volume between 50 I and 3 000 I. This document does not apply to combistores. Performance test methods for solar combistores are specified in prCENfTS 12977-4.

Thermal solar systems and components - Custom built systems - Part 3: Performance test methods for solar water heater stores; German version EN 12977-3:2008

NF P50-532-3:2008 太阳热能系统和部件.定制系统.第3部分:太阳能热水器储存用性能试验方法

Thermal solar systems and components - Custom built systems - Part 3 : performance test methods for solar water heater stores.

IEC 62116:2008 有互联效应的光电变极器用孤立障碍测量的试验程序

The purpose of this International Standard is to provide a test procedure to evaluate the performance of islanding prevention measures used with utility-interconnected PV systems. This standard describes a guideline for testing the performance of automatic islanding prevention measures installed in or with single or multi-phase utility interactive PV inverters connected to the utility grid. The test procedure and criteria described are minimum requirements that will allow repeatability. Additional requirements or more stringent criteria may be specified if demonstrable risk can be shown. Inverters and other devices meeting the requirements of this standard are considered non-islanding as defined in IEC 61727. This standard may be applied to other types of utility-interconnected systems (e.g. inverter- based microturbine and fuel cells, induction and synchronous machines). However, technical review may be necessary for other than inverter-based PV systems.

Test procedure of islanding prevention measures for utility-interconnected photovoltaic inverters

CSA C61215-08-CAN/CSA-2008 地面用晶体硅光伏(PV)模块.设计鉴定和定型.第2版

This International Standard lays down IEC requirements for the design qualification and type approval of terrestrial photovoltaic modules suitable for long-term operation in general openair climates, as defined in IEC 60721-2-1. It applies only to crystalline silicon modules types. A standard for thin-film modules has been published as IEC 61646. This standard does not apply to modules used with concentrated sunlight. The object of this test sequence is to determine the electrical and thermal characteristics of the module and to show, as far as is possible within reasonable constraints of cost and time, that the module is capable of withstanding prolonged exposure in climates described in the scope. The actual lifetime expectancy of modules so qualified will depend on their design, their environment and the conditions under which they are operated.

Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules ?Design qualification and type approval Second Edition

NF C57-323:2008 光伏器件.第3部分:带有参考光谱辐照度数据的陆地光伏(PV)太阳器件的测量原理

Photovoltaic devices - Part 3 : measurement principles for terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) solar devices with reference spectral irradiance data.

DIN EN 62108:2008 集中器光电(CPV)模块和组件 设计资格鉴定和类型认可

Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies - Design qualification and type approval (IEC 62108:2007); German version EN 62108:2008

JIS C 8921:2008 光电器件.第2部分:基准太阳能器件的要求

この規格は，平面?非集光形の地上用ニ次基準シりコン結晶系太陽電池モジュール(以下，ニ次基準モジュールという。)の性能。選別，校正，表示及び取扱い方法について規定する。

Photovoltaic devices -- Part 2: Requirements for reference solar devices

NF C57-112:2008 集中器光电(CPV)模块和组件 设计资格鉴定和类型认可

Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies - Design qualification and type approval.

IEC 61646:2008 薄膜地面光电(PV)模块.设计鉴定和定型

This International Standard lays down requirements for the design qualification and type approval of terrestrial, thin-film photovoltaic modules suitable for long-term operation in general open-air climates as defined in IEC 60721-2-1. This standard is intended to apply to all terrestrial flat plate module materials not covered by IEC 61215. The test sequence is derived from IEC 61215 for the design qualification and type approval of terrestrial crystalline silicon PV modules. However, it no longer relies on meeting a plus/minus criterion before and after each test, but rather on meeting a specified percentage of the rated minimum power after all of the tests have been completed and the modules have been light- soaked. This eliminates the technology-specific preconditioning necessary to accurately measure the changes caused by the test. This standard does not apply to modules used with concentrators. The object of this test sequence is to determine the electrical and thermal characteristics of the module and to show, as far as possible within reasonable constraints of cost and time, that the module is capable of withstanding prolonged exposure in climates described in the scope. The actual life expectancy of modules so qualified will depend on their design, their environment and the conditions under which they are operated.

Thin-film terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules - Design qualification and type approval

UL 1703 BULLETIN-2008 平板型太阳能组件安全认证标准UL安全性标准

The following items are subject to comment: 1.) Correction of test references in Table 18.1. 2.) Addition in paragraph 40.1.1 of equation for limit voltage (VL).

UL Standard for Safety Service for Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Modules and Panels

NF P50-736:2008 建筑物热性能.经由地面的热传递.计算方法

Thermal performance of buildings - Heat transfer via the ground - Calculation methods.