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DIN EN ISO 10991:2010 微工艺过程.词汇表

This International Standard gives terms and definitions for micro process engineering applied in chemistry, pharmacy, biotechnology and food technology.

Micro process engineering - Vocabulary (ISO 10991:2009); Trilingual version EN ISO 10991:2009

BS ISO 29081:2010 表面化学分析.俄歇电子能谱法.电荷控制和电荷调整用报告法

Surface chemical analysis - Auger electron spectroscopy - Reporting of methods used for charge control and charge correction

ISO 29081:2010 表面化学分析.俄歇电子能谱法.电荷控制和电荷调整用报告法

This International Standard specifies the minimum amount of information required for describing the methods of charge control in measurements of Auger electron transitions from insulating specimens by electronstimulated Auger electron spectroscopy and to be reported with the analytical results. Information is provided in Annex A on methods that have been found useful for charge control prior to or during AES analysis. This annex also contains a table summarizing the methods or approaches, ordered by simplicity of approach. Some methods will be applicable to most instruments, others require special hardware, others might involve remounting the specimen or changing it. A similar International Standard has been published for X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Surface chemical analysis - Auger electron spectroscopy - Reporting of methods used for charge control and charge correction

DIN SPEC 1121:2010 纳米技术.纳米对象用术语和定义.纳米颗粒、纳米纤维和纳米板

This document lists terms and definitions related to objects in the field of nanotechnologies whereupon the term nano-object is hieracically superordinated to the terms nanoparticle, nanorod and nanoplate being on the same level. It is intended to facilitate communications between organizations and individuals in industry and those who interact with them.

Nanotechnologies - Terminology and definitions for nano-objects - Nanoparticle, nanofibre and nanoplate (ISO/TS 27687:2008); German version CEN ISO/TS 27687:2009

BS DD CEN ISO/TS 27687:2009 纳米技术.纳米物体用术语和定义.纳米颗粒、纳米纤维和纳米板

Nanotechnologies - Terminology and definitions for nano-objects - Nanoparticle, nanofibre and nanoplate

SN/T 2414.1-2010 危险化学品的分类.第1部分:健康和环境危害

SN/T 2414的本部分规定了危险化学品试验中关于对可能对人类造成健康、环境危害的物质进行分类的方法。 本部分适用于可能造成健康、环境危害化学品的分类。

Classification of dangerous chemicals- Part 1: Health and enviromental hazards

SN/T 2414.2-2010 危险化学品的分类.第2部分: 物理危害

本部分规定了危险化学品试验中关于对可能对人类造成物理危害的物质或混合物进行分类的方法。 本部分适用于可能造成物理危害化学品的分类。

Classification of dangerous chemicals- Part 2: Physical hazards

IEC 113/79/DTS:2010 纳米技术.词表.第1部分:核心术语

Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 1: Core terms

ASTM E2458-10 疑为无空隙表面产生的生物制剂的可视粉末的大体积样品采集和抽汲样品采集的标准操作规程

These practices should be used only to collect visible samples that are suspected biothreat agents and have been field screened as defined by the FBI-DHS-HHS/CDC Coordinated Document for explosive hazard, radiological hazard, and other acute chemical hazards.1.1 These practices address collection of visible powders that are suspected biothreat agents from solid nonporous surfaces using a bulk collection method, using a dry swab and laminated card, followed by a swab sampling method using a sterile moistened swab. Bulk powder samples are collected and packaged in a manner that permits the maximum amount of the sample to be safely transported to a reference laboratory within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) national Laboratory Response Network (LRN) for confirmatory identification and safe storage. If the source of the powder is a letter or small package, that item is also packaged in a manner that permits it to be safely transported to an LRN reference laboratory. A sterile moistened swab may be used to collect residual powder and may be used to conduct on-site biological assessments for the purpose of testing for biothreat agents. 1.2 These practices are performed in coordination with the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) as part of a risk assessment including hazard assessment and threat evaluation as recommended and clarified in Guide . The decision to implement these practices and collect a public safety sample will be made by members of the response community of the jurisdiction assuming responsibility through coordination with the FBI and the receiving LRN reference laboratory. 1.3 Sample Collection Method A covers the bulk collection and packaging of suspicious visible powders that are suspected biothreat agents from solid nonporous surfaces. All samples suspected to be biothreat agents on nonporous surfaces should be collected according to Sample Collection Method A and sent to a LRN reference laboratory for confirmatory testing. 1.4 Sample Collection Method B covers swab sampling of residual suspicious powders that are suspected biothreat agents from solid nonporous surfaces. Swab samples can be used for on-site biological assessment; however results from on-site biological assessments are not definitive; confirmatory testing by the LRN reference laboratory is necessary to make public health decisions.

Standard Practices for Bulk Sample Collection and Swab Sample Collection of Visible Powders Suspected of Being Biological Agents from Nonporous Surfaces

ASTM E2783-10 用消磨时间过程评估水溶性化合物抗菌活性的标准试验方法

This procedure may be used to assess the in vitro reduction of a microbial population of test organisms after exposure to a test material.1.1 This test method measures the changes of a population of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms within a specific sampling time when tested against antimicrobial test materials in vitro. The organisms used are standardized as to growth requirements and inoculum preparation and must grow under the conditions of the test. The primary purpose of this test method is to provide a set of standardized conditions and test organisms to facilitate comparative assessments of antimicrobial materials miscible in aqueous systems. 1.2 This test method allows the option of using a test sample size of 10 mL or 100 mL. 1.3 Knowledge of microbiological techniques is required for this procedure. 1.4 Aseptic technique should be practiced at all times. 1.5 In this test method, SI units are used for all applications, except for distance in which case inches are used and SI units follow in parentheses. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity for Water Miscible Compounds Using a Time-Kill Procedure

ASTM D7575-10e1 红外测定法测定无溶剂薄膜可回收油和油脂的标准试验方法

The presence and concentration of oil and grease in domestic and industrial wastewater is of concern to the public because of its deleterious health, environmental, safety, and aesthetic effects. Regulations and standards have been established that require monitoring of oil and grease in water and wastewater. Note 18212;Different oil and grease materials may have different infrared absorptivities. Certain materials, such as synthetic silicone-based or perfluorinated oils, may have absoptivities inconsistent with those of naturally occurring oil and grease materials. Caution should be taken when testing matrices suspected of containing proportions of these materials. In such cases, laboratory spike samples, laboratory check samples, equivalency testing, or combinations thereof, using these materials in question may be appropriate.1.1 This test method covers the determination of oil and grease in water extracted with an infrared-amenable membrane and measured by infrared transmission through the membrane. 1.2 This method defines oil and grease in water as that which is extractable in the test method and measured by infrared transmission. 1.3 The method detection limit (MDL) and recommended reporting range are listed in Table 1. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. TABLE 1 MDL and Reporting Range

Standard Test Method for Solvent-Free Membrane Recoverable Oil and Grease by Infrared Determination

ASTM E2327-10 进行没收药品分析的实验室的质量保证的标准操作规程

These are minimum standards of quality assurance applicable to laboratories where analysis of seized-drug submissions is performed. This practice is to be used by forensic analysts performing seized-drug analysis and promoted/supported by laboratory management.1.1 This practice covers quality assurance issues in forensic laboratories performing seized-drug analysis including evidence handling, analytical procedures, report writing, method validation, documentation, proficiency testing, audits, and health and safety. 1.2 This practice is meant to apply only to qualitative seized-drug analysis.

Standard Practice for Quality Assurance of Laboratories Performing Seized-Drug Analysis

ASTM UOP389-10 用湿灰化-ICP-OES法测定有机物中的痕量金属

This method is for determining the concentrations of aluminum (Al), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), sodium (Na), strontium, (Sr), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn) in organic matrices such as crude petroleum, asphalts, vacuum tower bottoms, vacuum gas oils, atmospheric gas oils, diesel and jet fuels and their blending components, pyrolysis oils, and fatty acid derivatives by Inductively Coupled Plasma ?Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). The lower limits of quantitation for the above elements, except palladium, are listed in Table 1; see Note.

Trace Metals in Organics by Wet Ashing - ICP-OES

ASTM D6661-10 用擦拭取样方法从表层实地收集有机化合物的标准操作规程

Wipe sampling is typically used by persons involved in hazardous waste site investigations to characterize the areal extent and the level of contamination on walls, floors, equipment, etc. Wipe sampling is also used to determine compliance with regulations. There are many factors that contribute to variation in sampling results during wipe sampling including, the use of different pressures applied to the wipe, different kinds of wipes, different wiping patterns, the texture of the surface being wiped, and perhaps even the duration of wiping. The significance of this practice is that it standardizes wiping procedures to reduce sampling variability in the collection of samples from smooth, nonporous surfaces such as metal, glass, painted or sealed surfaces, tile, etc., in and around buildings, and from pipes, tanks, decontaminated equipment, etc.1.1 This practice addresses sampling of organic compounds (i.e., PCBs, dioxins, many pesticides and similar compounds) from smooth nonporous surfaces using a solvent-wetted wipe sampling method. Samples are collected in a manner that permits the solvent extraction of the organic compound(s) of interest from the wipes and subsequent determination using a laboratory analysis technique such as gas chromatography with a suitable detector. This practice is, however, unsuitable for the collection of volatile organic compounds. 1.2 This practice should only be used to collect samples for the determination of organic compound(s) on a loading basis (e.g., mass per unit area). It cannot be used to collect samples for the determination of organic compounds on a concentration basis (e.g., mass per unit mass). 1.3 This wipe sampling practice is not recommended for collecting samples of organic compounds from rough or porous surfaces such as upholstery, carpeting, brick, rough concrete, ceiling tiles, and bare wood. It is also not intended for the collection of dust samples (see Practice E1278) or sampling to estimating human exposure to contaminated surfaces. 1.4 To ensure valid conclusions are reached, a sufficient number of samples must be obtained as directed by a sampling design (the number and location of samples including quality control samples) and a quality assurance/quality control plan. This practice does not address the sampling designs used to achieve the data quality objectives (see Practice D5792). 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Field Collection of Organic Compounds from Surfaces Using Wipe Sampling

ASTM E1210-10 用亲水后乳化法进行荧光液体渗透剂试验的标准实施规程

Liquid penetrant examination methods indicate the presence, location, and, to a limited extent, the nature and magnitude of the detected discontinuities. This practice is normally used for production examination of critical components, where reproducibility is essential. More procedural controls and processing steps are required than with other processes.1.1 This practice covers procedures for fluorescent penetrant examination utilizing the hydrophilic post-emulsification process. It is a nondestructive testing method for detecting discontinuities that are open to the surface such as cracks, seams, laps, cold shuts, laminations, isolated porosity, through leaks, or lack of fusion and is applicable to in-process, final, and maintenance examination. It can be effectively used in the examination of nonporous, metallic materials, both ferrous and nonferrous, and of nonmetallic materials such as glazed or fully densified ceramics and certain nonporous plastics and glass. 1.2 This practice also provides a reference: 1.2.1 By which a fluorescent penetrant examination hydrophilic post-emulsification process recommended or required by individual organizations can be reviewed to ascertain their applicability and completeness. 1.2.2 For use in the preparation of process specifications dealing with the fluorescent penetrant examination of materials and parts using the hydrophilic post-emulsification process. Agreement by the purchaser and the manufacturer regarding specific techniques is strongly recommended. 1.2.3 For use in the organization of the facilities and personnel concerned with the liquid penetrant examination. 1.3 This practice does not indicate or suggest standards for evaluation of the indications obtained. It should be pointed out, however, that indications must be interpreted or classified and then evaluated. For this purpose there must be a separate code or specification or a specific agreement to define the type, size, location, and direction of indications considered acceptable, and those considered unacceptable. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are regarded as standard. SI units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 All areas of this practice may be open to agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization.

Standard Practice for Fluorescent Liquid Penetrant Testing Using the Hydrophilic Post-Emulsification Process

ASTM D4582-10 反渗透史蒂夫和戴维斯稳定指数计算和调整的标准实施规程

In the design and operation of reverse osmosis installations, it is important to predict the calcium carbonate scaling properties of the concentrate stream. Because of the increase in total dissolved solids in the concentrate stream and the differences in salt passages for calcium ion, bicarbonate ion, and free CO2, the calcium carbonate scaling properties of the concentrate stream will generally be quite different from those of the feed solution. This practice permits the calculation of the S & DSI for the concentrate stream from the feed water analyses and the reverse osmosis operating parameters. A positive S & DSI indicates the tendency to form a calcium carbonate scale, which can be damaging to reverse osmosis performance. This practice gives procedures for the adjustment of the S & DSI.1.1 This practice covers the calculation and adjustment of the Stiff and Davis Stability Index (S & DSI) for the concentrate stream of a reverse osmosis device. This index is used to determine the need for calcium carbonate scale control in the operation and design of reverse osmosis installations. This practice is applicable for concentrate streams containing more than 10 000 mg/L of total dissolved solids. For concentrate streams containing less than 10 000 mg/L of total dissolved solids, refer to Practice D3739. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Calculation and Adjustment of the Stiff and Davis Stability Index for Reverse Osmosis

ASTM E1329-10 光谱化学分析中控制图表的验证和使用的标准操作规程

Consistency in analysis depends on being aware of a significant change in instrumental response, such as that caused by drift or changes in analytical precision, or both, and taking corrective action. The usual corrective action for drift is standardization. Standardization, however, when there is no real need, can only broaden the spread of subsequent analyses. One purpose of this practice is to set guidelines that will avoid “unnecessary standardization.” To control manufacturing processes, there must be confidence that a consistent material is being produced and that the analysis of the material is reliable. For assurance that the material meets specification, a purchaser may require the supporting record of control charts to assess that proper analytical control has been maintained. Ideally, variations in analytical results may be held to chance causes. The concept of a confidence interval or limits on a control chart is based on what can be expected when all normal precautions are exercised. When results appear to go out of control, the analyst should consider and correct what might be an assignable cause. As experience is accumulated, however, it may not seem unusual for readings to drift with time as optics degrade, detector response changes, or excitations conditions change, for example, when deposits build up on a counter electrode (a correctable assignable cause), or the longer range effects as an X-ray tube deteriorates.1.1 This practice covers procedures for determining if a spectrochemical analysis is under statistical control. 1.2 Criteria are presented for determining when corrective action is required. 1.3 Control will be effected by using verifiers to test instrument response. It is recommended, although not required, that this be accompanied by the plotting of control charts. 1.4 The preparation of control charts is described. 1.5 Limitations8212;The procedures that are described do not apply to analyses that require a calibration each time a set of analyses is run. Reference is made specifically to atomic emission spectrometry, but the practice has a more general application. 1.6 This practice does not apply to validation procedures that monitor the correctness of calibration.

Standard Practice for Verification and Use of Control Charts in Spectrochemical Analysis

ASTM D4486-10 挥发性和活性液体运动粘度的标准试验方法

Kinematic viscosity is a physical property which is of importance in the design of systems in which flowing liquids are used or handled.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of kinematic viscosity of transparent, Newtonian liquids which because of their reactivity, instability, or volatility cannot be used in conventional capillary kinematic viscometers. This test method is applicable up to 2 × 10−5 N/m2 (2 atm) pressure and temperature range from −53 to +135°C (−65 to +275°F). 1.1.1 For the measurement of the kinematic viscosity of other liquids, see Test Method D445. 1.2 WARNINGMercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s websitehttp://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, and Annex A1.

Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Volatile and Reactive Liquids

ASTM E1950-10 对化学分析方法得出的分析结果进行报告的标准惯例

A result must be stated to a sufficient number of digits so that a user receives both quantitative information and a measure of the variability of the value reported. The range of application of most methods of chemical analysis is based upon the presumption that the quantitative results produced are to be used to compare the analyte content of the test material with specified limiting values. However, analytical results may be used legitimately for other purposes. If the same material is analyzed a number of times or a product is analyzed periodically during an interval of production, each set of results may be averaged to yield an average result having improved reliability, provided nothing has been done between analyses to modify the composition of the analyzed material. Results that fall below the lower limit, although not quantitative individually, contain compositional information and may be reported. The reporting system in this practice permits the analyst to indicate which values are likely to be rendered quantitative by averaging and which are not. The system is simple enough to be used routinely in reporting results from standard methods and assists those untrained in statistics to apply results appropriately.1.1 This practice covers the approximate number of digits required to express the expected precision of results reported from standard methods of chemical analysis. This practice provides selection criteria and proper form and symbols for coding results when necessary to indicate the relative reliability of results having small values. 1.2 Specifically excluded is consideration of report forms and the associated informational content of reports in which results are tabulated or transmitted. It is assumed that the reporting laboratory has established a report format to ensure proper identification of the materials tested, the nature and conditions of the test, the responsible personnel, and other related information in accordance with existing regulations and good laboratory practices.

Standard Practice for Reporting Results from Methods of Chemical Analysis

ASTM E1219-10 使用可用溶剂清除的工艺进行荧光液体渗透剂试验的标准实施规程

Liquid penetrant examination methods indicate the presence, location, and, to a limited extent, the nature and magnitude of the detected discontinuities. This practice is intended primarily for portability and for localized areas of examination, utilizing minimal equipment, when a higher level of sensitivity than can be achieved using visible process is required. Surface roughness may be a limiting factor. If so, an alternative process such as post-emulsified penetrant should be considered, when grinding or machining is not practical.1.1 This practice covers procedures for fluorescent penetrant examination utilizing the solvent-removable process. It is a nondestructive testing method for detecting discontinuities that are open to the surface, such as cracks, seams, laps, cold shuts, laminations, isolated porosity, through leaks, or lack of fusion and is applicable to in-process, final, and maintenance examination. It can be effectively used in the examination of nonporous, metallic materials, both ferrous and nonferrous, and of nonmetallic materials such as glazed or fully densified ceramics and certain nonporous plastics and glass. 1.2 This practice also provides a reference: 1.2.1 By which a fluorescent penetrant examination solvent-removable process recommended or required by individual organizations can be reviewed to ascertain its applicability and completeness. 1.2.2 For use in the preparation of process specifications dealing with the fluorescent solvent-removable liquid penetrant examination of materials and parts. Agreement by the purchaser and the manufacturer regarding specific techniques is strongly recommended. 1.2.3 For use in the organization of the facilities and personnel concerned with the liquid penetrant examination. 1.3 This practice does not indicate or suggest standards for evaluation of the indications obtained. It should be pointed out, however, that indications must be interpreted or classified and then evaluated. For this purpose there must be a separate code or specification or a specific agreement to define the type, size, location, and direction of indications considered acceptable, and those considered unacceptable. 1.4 All areas of this document may be open to agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are regarded as standard. SI units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Fluorescent Liquid Penetrant Testing Using the Solvent-Removable Process