H26 金属无损检验方法 标准查询与下载

NF A09-320-1:2010 无损检测.超声波检测仪器的表征和检定.第1部分:仪器

Non-destructive testing - Characterization and verification of ultrasonic testing equipment - Part 1 : instruments.

ISO 25902-2:2010 钛管.无损检验.第2部分:纵向缺陷的检测用超声试验

This part of ISO 25902 specifies an ultrasonic testing method for detecting longitudinal imperfections in titanium seamless tubes or welded tubes. This part of ISO 25902 also applies to titanium alloy tubes. In this part of ISO 25902 a) the minimum wall thickness is 0,3 mm, b) only rectangular notches are permitted as reference reflectors, and c) the minimum notch depth is 0,08 mm.

Titanium pipes and tubes - Non-destructive testing - Part 2: Ultrasonic testing for the detection of longitudinal imperfections

BS EN 1330-4:2010 无损检验.术语.超声波试验用术语

This European Standard defines terms used in ultrasonic testing

Non-destructive testing - Terminology - Terms used in ultrasonic testing

SANS 17577:2010 钢．厚度≥6mm的扁平钢产品的超声波试验

Specifies a method for the automated and/or manual ultrasonic testing of uncoated steel flat products for internal discontinuities by the reflection method. It is applicable non-alloyed or alloyed steel flat products, in a nominal thickness range of 6 mm

Steel - Ultrasonic testing for steel flat products of thickness equal to or greater than 6 mm

NF A09-357*NF EN 15857:2010 无损检测.声发射.纤维增强聚合物的试验.特殊方法学和一般评估标准

Non-destructive testing - Acoustic emission - Testing of fibre-reinforced polymers - Specific methodology and general evaluation criteria.

ISO 17054:2010 用X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)近似技术分析高合金钢的常规方法

This European Standard specifies a procedure on how to improve the performance of a routine XRF method, already in use for analysis of high alloy steels, by using a ”near by technique”. The ”near by technique” requires at least one target sample (preferable a CRM) of a similar composition as the unknown sample.

Routine method for analysis of high alloy steel by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) by using a near-by technique

BS EN 15857:2010 无损检测.声频发射.强化纤维聚合物试验.一般评定标准和特定方法

This European Standard describes the general principles of acoustic emission (AE) testing of materials, components and structures made of FRP with the aim of: - materials characterisation; - proof testing/manufacturing quality control; - retesting/in-service inspection; - health monitoring. When AE testing is used to assess the integrity of FRP materials, components or structures or identify critical zones of high damage accumulation or damage growth under load this standard further describes the specific methodology (e.g. suitable instrumentation, typical sensor arrangements, location procedures, etc.). It also describes available, generally applicable evaluation criteria for AE testing of FRP and outlines procedures for establishing such evaluation criteria in case they are lacking. NOTE The structural significance of the AE may not in all cases definitely be assessed based on AE evaluation criteria only but may require further inspection and assessment (e.g. with other non-destructive test methods or fracture mechanics calculations). This standard also recommends formats for the presentation of AE test data that allow the application of qualitative and quantitative evaluation criteria, both on-line during testing and by post test analysis, and that simplify comparison of AE test results obtained from different test sites and organisations.

Non-destructive testing - Acoustic emission - Testing of fibre-reinforced polymers - Specific methodology and general evaluation criteria

BS EN ISO 12706:2009 无损检验.渗透试验.术语

This International Standard defines technical terms relating to penetrant testing. NOTE In addition to terms used in English and French, two of the three official ISO languages, this document gives the equivalent terms in German; these are published under the responsibility of the member body for Germany (DIN), and are given for information only. Only the terms and definitions given in the official languages can be considered as ISO terms and definitions.

Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Vocabulary

BS EN 15856:2010 无损检测.声频发射.用于检测金属材料边缘浸满液体情况下内部腐蚀的声频发射(AE)试验一般原理

This European Standard describes acoustic emission testing (AT) on metallic surroundings filled with liquids for the detection of corrosion processes that are active at the time of the test. It is applicable to metallic storage tanks, such as those used in the chemical and petrochemical industry. The results provide a qualitative statement regarding the condition of the test object and a recommendation regarding the maximum allowable duration of the follow-on service period, based on the AT indications and additional information in order to characterize the AT indications. In the case of flat bottomed storage tanks (FBST) the procedure described within this standard provides testing of the complete bottom, the tank shell up to the filling height and in case of a floating roof tank also the roof sheets in contact with the stored liquid. As for every application of acoustic emission testing, the measured data contain information regarding active sources. An ongoing corrosion process, such as general corrosion and localized corrosion defined in EN ISO 8044, leading to progressive loss of wall thickness will be detected. A corrosion process which has stopped does not produce acoustic emission and will therefore not be detected at the time of test.

Non-destructive testing - Acoustic emission - General principles of AE testing for the detection of corrosion within metallic surrounding filled with liquid

SANS 18173:2010 无损检测．一般术语和定义

Defines the general technical terms that are used in many non-destructive testing disciplines.

Non-destructive testing - General terms and definitions

SANS 12718:2010 无损检测．涡流检测．词汇表

Defines terms used in eddy current testing.

Non-destructive testing - Eddy current testing - Vocabulary

ASME BPVC Section 5-2010 ASME锅炉和压力容器规范.第5节:无损检验

ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code - Section 5: Nondestructive Examination

ASTM A418/A418M-10 涡轮和发生器钢制转子锻件超声检验用标准实施规程

This practice shall be used when ultrasonic inspection is required by the order or specification for inspection purposes where the acceptance of the forging is based on limitations of the number, amplitude, or location of discontinuities, or a combination thereof, which give rise to ultrasonic indications. The acceptance criteria shall be clearly stated as order requirements. 1.1 This practice for ultrasonic examination covers turbine and generator steel rotor forgings covered by Specifications A469/A469M, A470/A470M, A768/A768M, and A940/A940M. This standard shall be used for contact testing only. 1.2 This practice describes a basic procedure of ultrasonically inspecting turbine and generator rotor forgings. It does not restrict the use of other ultrasonic methods such as reference block calibrations when required by the applicable procurement documents nor is it intended to restrict the use of new and improved ultrasonic test equipment and methods as they are developed.

Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Turbine and Generator Steel Rotor Forgings

ASTM E155-10 铝和镁铸件检验用标准参考射线照相

These radiographs are intended for reference only but are so designed that acceptance standards, which may be developed for particular requirements, can be specified in terms of these radiographs. The illustrations are radiographs of castings that were produced under conditions designed to develop the discontinuities. The radiographs of the 1/4-in. (6.35-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range up to and including 1/2 in. (12.7 mm). The radiographs of the 3/4-in. (19.1-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range of over 1/2 in. to and including 2 in. (51 mm). The grouping and system of designations are based on considerations of the best practical means of making these reference radiographs of the greatest possible value. Film DeteriorationRadiographic films are subject to wear and tear from handling and use. The extent to which the image deteriorates over time is a function of storage conditions, care in handling and amount of use. Reference radiograph films are no exception and may exhibit a loss in image quality over time. The radiographs should therefore be periodically examined for signs of wear and tear, including scratches, abrasions, stains, and so forth. Any reference radiographs which show signs of excessive wear and tear which could influence the interpretation and use of the radiographs should be replaced.1.1 These reference radiographs illustrate the types and degrees of discontinuities that may be found in aluminum-alloy and magnesium-alloy castings. The castings illustrated are in thicknesses of 1/4 in. (6.35 mm) and 3/4 in. (19.1 mm). The reference radiograph films are an adjunct to this document and must be purchased separately from ASTM International if needed. 1.2 These film reference radiographs are not intended to illustrate the types and degrees of discontinuities found in aluminum-alloy castings when performing digital radiography. If performing digital radiography of aluminum-alloy castings, refer to Digital Reference Image Standard E2422. Magnesium-alloy digital reference images are not currently available from ASTM International. 1.3 This document may be used where no other applicable document exists, for other material thicknesses for which it has been found to be applicable and for which agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the manufacturer. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 18212;Vol I: The set of reference radiographs consists of 13 plates covering discontinuities in aluminum-alloy castings and 10 plates covering discontinuities in magnesium-alloy castings. Each plate is held in an 81/2 by 11-in. (216 by 279-mm) cardboard frame and each plate illustrates eight grades of severity for the discontinuity in approximately a 2 by 2-in. (51 by 51-mm) area. The cardboard frames are contained in a 101/2 by 111/2-in. (267 by 292-mm) ring b......

Standard Reference Radiographs for Inspection of Aluminum and Magnesium Castings

ASTM E1320-10 钛铸件用标准参考射线照片

These reference radiographs are designed so that acceptance standards, which may be developed for particular requirements, can be specified in terms of these radiographs. The radiographs are of castings that were produced under conditions designed to produce the discontinuities. The reference radiographs are intended to be used for casting thickness ranges in accordance with Table 1 and Table 2.1.1 The reference radiographs provided in the adjunct to this standard are reproductions of original radiographs and are supplied as a means for establishing some of the categories and severity levels of discontinuities in titanium castings that may be revealed by radiographic examination. Use of this standard for the specification or grading of castings requires procurement of the adjunct reference radiographs which illustrate the discontinuity types and severity levels. They should be used in accordance with contractual specifications. Note 18212;The original radiographs produced for Volume I were taken with X-rays in the range of 110 KV to 220 KV. The original radiographs produced for Volume II were taken with X-rays in the range of 200 K to 340 KV. 1.2 These film reference radiographs are not intended to illustrate the types and degrees of discontinuities found in titanium castings when performing digital radiography. If performing digital radiography of titanium castings, refer to Digital Reference Image Standard E2669. 1.3 These reference radiographs consist of two volumes. Volume I, described in Table 1, is applicable to a wall thickness of up to 1 in. (0 to 25.4 mm). Volume II, described in Table 2, is applicable to a wall thickness of over 1 in. to 2 in. (25.4 mm to 50.8 mm). The standard may be used, where there is no other applicable standard, for other thicknesses for which agreement has been reached between purchaser and manufacturer. Note 28212;The reference radiographs are not impacted by this revision. There have been no revisions to the adjunct reference radiographs since original issue. The adjunct reference radiographs of any issue remain valid and may be used to this standard. 1.4 The plates produced to serve for use in this standard were purposely cast to exhibit the desired discontinuity. The plates were cast using different processes as shown in Table 1 and Table 2. Hot isostatic pressing was not used on any of the plates. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Reference Radiographs for Titanium Castings

ASTM E273-10 对焊接管件的焊缝区进行超声波检测的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice describes general ultrasonic testing procedures for the detection of discontinuities in the weld and adjacent heat affected zones of welded pipe and tubing by scanning with relative motion between the search unit and pipe or tube. When contact or unfocused immersion search units are employed, this practice is intended for tubular products having specified outside diameters ≥2 in. (≥50 mm) and specified wall thicknesses of 1/8to 11/16 in. (3 to 27 mm). When properly focused immersion search units are employed, this practice may also be applied to material of smaller diameter and thinner wall. Note 18212;When contact or unfocused immersion search units are used, precautions should be exercised when examining pipes or tubes near the lower specified limits. Certain combinations of search unit size, frequency, thin–wall thicknesses, and small diameters could cause generation of unwanted sound waves that may produce erroneous examination results. 1.2 All surfaces of material to be examined in accordance with this practice shall be clean from scale, dirt, burrs, slag, spatter or other conditions that would interfere with the examination results. The configuration of the weld must be such that interfering signals are not generated by reflections from it. Treatment of the inner surface and outer surface weld beads such as trimming (“scarfing”) or rolling is often required to remove protuberances that could result in spurious reflections. 1.3 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria, they must be specified by the using parties. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI equivalents are in parentheses and may be approximate. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of the Weld Zone of Welded Pipe and Tubing

ASTM E587-10 超声波角钢梁接触试验标准实施规程

An electrical pulse is applied to a piezoelectric transducer which converts electrical to mechanical energy. In the angle-beam search unit, the piezoelectric element is generally a thickness expander which creates compressions and rarefactions. This longitudinal (compressional) wave travels through a wedge (generally a plastic). The angle between transducer face and the examination face of the wedge is equal to the angle between the normal (perpendicular) to the examination surface and the incident beam. Fig. 1 shows the incident angle ϕi, and the refracted angle ϕr, of the ultrasonic beam. When the examination face of the angle-beam search unit is coupled to a material, ultrasonic waves may travel in the material. As shown in Fig. 2, the angle in the material (measured from the normal to the examination surface) and mode of vibration are dependent on the wedge angle, the ultrasonic velocity in the wedge, and the velocity of the wave in the examined material. When the material is thicker than a few wavelengths, the waves traveling in the material may be longitudinal and shear, shear alone, shear and Rayleigh, or Rayleigh alone. Total reflection may occur at the interface. (Refer to Fig. 3.) In thin materials (up to a few wavelengths thick), the waves from the angle-beam search unit traveling in the material may propagate in different Lamb wave modes. All ultrasonic modes of vibration may be used for angle-beam examination of material. The material forms and the probable flaw locations and orientations determine selection of beam directions and modes of vibration. The use of angle beams and the selection of the proper wave mode presuppose a knowledge of the geometry of the object; the probable location, size, orientation, and reflectivity of the expected flaws; and the laws of physics governing the propagation of ultrasonic waves. Characteristics of the examination system used and the ultrasonic properties of the material being examined must be known or determined. Some materials, because of unique microstructure, are difficult to examine using ultrasonics. Austenitic material, particularly weld material, is one example of this material condition. Caution should be exercised when establishing examination practices for these type materials. While examination may be possible, sensitivity will be inferior to that achievable on ferritic materials. When examining materials with unique microstructures, empirical testing should be performed to assure that the examination will achieve the desired sensitivity. This may be accomplished by incorporating known reflectors in a mock up of the weld or part to be examined. Angle-Beam Longitudinal Waves8212;As shown in Fig. 4, angle-beam longitudinal waves with refracted angles in the range from 1 to 40° (where coexisting angle-beam shear waves are weak, as shown in Fig. 3) may be used to detect fatigue cracks in axles and shafts from the end by direct reflection or by corner reflection. As shown in Fig. 5, with a crossed-beam dual-transducer search unit configuration, angle-beam longitudinal waves may be used to measure thickness or to detect reflectors parallel to the examination surface, such as laminations. As shown in Fig. 6, reflectors with a major plane at an angle up to 40° with respect to the examination surface, provide optimum reflection to an angle-beam longitudinal wave that is normal to the plane of the reflector. Angle-beam longitudinal waves in the range from 45 to 85° become weaker as the angle increases; at the same time, the coexisting angle-beam shear waves become stronger. Equal amplitude angle beams of approximately 55°

Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam Contact Testing

ASTM E2339-10 无损检测的数字图像和传输标准实施规程（DICONDE）

Personnel that are responsible for the transfer of NDE data between systems will use this standard. This practice will define a set of NDE information object definitions that along with the DICOM standard will provide a standard means to organize image data. Once conformance statements have been generated, the NDE image data may be displayed on any imaging/analysis device that conforms to the standard. This process of developing conformance statements with both the NDE specific object definitions and the DICOM accepted definitions, will provide a means to automatically and transparently communicate between compliant equipment without loss of information. Note 18212;Knowledge and understanding of the existing DICOM standard will be required to generate conformance statements and thereby facilitate the data transfer.1.1 This practice facilitates the interoperability of NDE imaging and data acquisition equipment by specifying the image data in commonly accepted terms. This practice represents a harmonization of NDE imaging systems, or modalities, with the NEMA Standards Publication titled Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM, see http://medical.nema.org), an international standard for image data acquisition, review, storage and archival. In addition, this practice will provide a standard set of industrial NDE specific information object definitions, which travel beyond the scope of standard DICOM modalities. The goal of this practice is to provide a standard by which NDE image/signal data may be displayed on by any system conforming to the ASTM DICONDE format, regardless of which NDE modality was used to acquire the data. 1.2 This practice has been developed to overcome the issues that arise when archiving or analyzing the data from a variety of NDE techniques, each using proprietary data acquisition systems. As data acquisition modalities evolve, data acquired in the past must remain decipherable. This practice proposes an image data file format in such a way that all the technique parameters, along with the image file, are preserved, regardless of changes in NDE technology. This practice will also permit the viewing of a variety of image types (CT, CR, Ultrasonic, Infrared and Eddy Current) on a single workstation, maintaining all of the pertinent technique parameters along with the image file. This practice addresses the exchange of digital information between NDE imaging equipment. 1.3 This practice does not specify: 1.3.1 A testing or validation procedure to assess an implementation's conformance to the standard. 1.3.2 The implementation details of any features of the standard on a device claiming conformance. 1.3.3 The overall set of features and functions to be expected from a system implemented by integrating a group of devices each claiming DICONDE or DICOM conformance. 1.4 Although this practice contains no values that require units, it does describe methods to store and communicate data that do require units to be properly interpreted. The SI units required by this practice are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

Standard Practice for Digital Imaging and Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE)

ASTM A388/A388M-10 钢锻件超声检验用标准实施规程

This practice shall be used when ultrasonic inspection is required by the order or specification for inspection purposes where the acceptance of the forging is based on limitations of the number, amplitude, or location of discontinuities, or a combination thereof, which give rise to ultrasonic indications. The ultrasonic quality level shall be clearly stated as order requirements.1.1 This practice covers the examination procedures for the contact, pulse-echo ultrasonic examination of steel forgings by the straight and angle-beam techniques. The straight beam techniques include utilization of the DGS (Distance Gain-Size) method. See Appendix X3. 1.2 This practice is to be used whenever the inquiry, contract, order, or specification states that forgings are to be subject to ultrasonic examination in accordance with Practice A388/A388M. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.4 This specification and the applicable material specifications are expressed in both inch-pound units and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation [SI units], the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Forgings

ASTM D6855-10 静态模式下低于5 NTU的浑浊度的测定的标准试验方法

Turbidity is undesirable in drinking water, plant effluent waters, water for food and beverage processing, and for a large number of other water-dependent manufacturing processes. Removal is often accomplished by coagulation, settling, and filtration. Measurement of turbidity provides a rapid means of process control for when, how, and to what extent the water must be treated to meet specifications. This test method is suitable to turbidity such as that found in drinking water, process water, and high purity industrial water. When reporting the measured result, appropriate units should also be reported. The units are reflective of the technology used to generate the result, and if necessary, provide more adequate comparison to historical data sets. Table 1 describes technologies and reporting results (see also Refs (1),(2),(3)). Those technologies listed are appropriate for the range of measurement prescribed in this method. Others may come available in the future. Fig. X5.1 provides a flow chart to aid in selection of the appropriate technology for low-level static turbidity applications. If a design that falls outside of the criteria listed in Table 1 is used, the turbidity should be reported in turbidity units (TU) with a subscripted wavelength value to characterize the light source that was used. TABLE 1 Applicable Technologies Available for Performing Static Turbidity Measurements Below 5 NTU1.1 This test method covers the static determination of turbidity in water (see 4.1). 1.2 This test method is applicable to the measurement of turbidities under 5.0 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU). 1.3 This test method was tested on municipal drinking water, ultra-pure water and low turbidity samples. It is the user's responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for waters of untested matrices. 1.4 This test method uses calibration standards are defined in NTU values, but other assigned turbidity units are assumed to be equivalent. 1.5 This test method assigns traceable reporting units to the type of respective technology that was used to perform the measurement. Units are numerically equivalent with respect to the calibration standard. For example, a 1.0 NTU formazin standard is also equal to a 1.0 FNU standard, a 1.0 FNRU standard and so forth. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Refer to the MSDSs for all chemicals used in this procedure.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Turbidity Below 5 NTU in Static Mode