Z15 大气环境有毒害物质分析方法 标准查询与下载

ASTM E741-00(2006)e1 用示踪气体稀释法测定单区内空气变化的标准试验方法

Effects of Air Change8212;Air change often accounts for a significant portion of the heating or air-conditioning load of a building. It also affects the moisture and contaminant balances in the building. Moisture-laden air passing through the building envelope can permit condensation and cause material degradation. An appropriate level of ventilation is required in all buildings; one should consult ASHRAE Standard 62 to determine the ventilation requirements of a building. Prediction of Air Change8212;Air change depends on the size and distribution of air leakage sites, pressure differences induced by wind and temperature, mechanical system operation, and occupant behavior. Air change may be calculated from this information, however, many of the needed parameters are difficult to determine. Tracer gas testing permits direct measurement of air change. Utility of Measurement8212;Measurements of air change provide useful information about ventilation and air leakage. Measurements in buildings with the ventilation system closed are used to determine whether natural air leakage rates are higher than specified. Measurements with the ventilation system in operation are used to determine whether the air change meets or exceeds requirements. Known Conditions8212;Knowledge of the factors that affect air change makes measurement more meaningful. Relating building response to wind and temperature requires repetition of the test under varying meteorological conditions. Relating building response to the ventilation system or to occupant behavior requires controlled variation of these factors. Applicability of Results8212;The values for air change obtained by the techniques used in this test method apply to the specific conditions prevailing at the time of the measurement. Air change values for the same building will differ if the prevailing wind and temperature conditions have changed, if the operation of the building is different, or if the envelope changes between measurements because of construction or deterioration. To determine air leakage sites, follow Practice E 1186. Fan Pressurization8212;A related technique (Test Method E 779) uses a fan to pressurize the building envelope. Measurements of corresponding air flows and pressure differences across the envelope characterize envelope airtightness as either the air leakage rate under specified induced pressure differences or the equivalent leakage area of the envelope. These factors permit modeling natural air change due to wind and temperature differences. However, direct measurement of natural air change is not possible with Test Method E 779. Test Method E 779 permits comparison of different buildings, isolation of leakage sites, and evaluation of retrofit measures. 1.1 This test method covers techniques using tracer gas dilution for determining a single zone''s air change with the outdoors, as induced by weather conditions and by mechanical ventilation. These techniques are: (1) concentration decay, (2) constant injection, and (3) constant concentration. 1.2 This test method is restricted to any single tracer gas. The associated data analysis assumes that one can characterize the tracer gas concentration within the zone with a single value. The zone shall be a building, vehicle, test cell, or any conforming enclosure. 1.3 Use of this test metho......

Standard Test Method for Determining Air Change in a Single Zone by Means of a Tracer Gas Dilution

ASTM D6561-00 利用(甲氧基-2-苯基-1)哌嗪(MOPIP)测定工作场所空气中气溶胶单体和低聚二异腈酸己二酯(HDI)的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of aerosol hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) in air samples collected from workplace and ambient atmospheres. The method described in this test method collects separate fractions. One fraction will be dominated by vapor, and the other fraction will be dominated by aerosol. It is not known at the present time whether this represents a perfect separation of vapor and aerosol, and in any case, there are not separate exposure standards for vapor and aerosol. Therefore, in comparing the results for isocyanate against a standard, results from the two fractions should be combined to give a single total value. The reason for splitting the sample into two fractions is to increase analytic sensitivity for the vapor fraction and also to give the hygienist or ventilation engineer some information concerning the likely state of the isocyanate species. The analyses of the two fractions are different, and are provided in separate, linked, standards to avoid confusion. This test method is principally used to determine short term exposure (15 min) of HDI in workplace environments for personal monitoring or in ambient air. The analysis of the vapor fraction is performed separately, as described in Test Method D6562.1.2 Differential air sampling is performed with a segregating device. The aerosol fraction is collected on a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter.1.3 Immediately after sampling, the PTFE filter is transferred into a jar containing a (methoxy-2 phenyl-1) piperazine (MOPIP) solution in toluene.1.4 The analysis of the aerosol fraction is performed by using a high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) equipped with an ultraviolet (UV) detector. The range of application of the test method has been validated from 0.052 to 1.04 g of monomeric HDI/mL, which corresponds, based on a 15 L air sample, to concentrations from 0.004 to 0.070 mg/m3 of HDI. Those concentrations correspond to a range of aerosol phase concentrations from 0.5 ppb (V) to 10 ppb (V) and cover the established threshold limit valve (TLV) value of 5 ppb (V).1.5 The quantification limit for the monomeric HDI is 0.041 g per mL, which corresponds to 0.003 mg/m3 for a 15 L sampled air volume. This value is equivalent to ten times the standard deviation obtained from ten measurements carried out on a standard solution in contact with the PTFE filter whose concentration of 0.1 g/mL is close to the expected detection limit.1.6This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 9 for additional hazards.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Aerosol Monomeric and Oligomeric Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDl) in Air with (Methoxy-2-phenyl-1) Piperazine (MOPIP) in the Workplace

ASTM D3270-00 大气和植物组织中氟化物含量分析的标准试验方法(半自动法)

1.1 These test methods describe the semiautomated procedure for the analyses of various types of samples for the purpose of determining total fluoride. Since the test methods incorporate microdistillation of the sample, they may be applied to any fluoride-containing solution where standards of identical composition have been carried through the same sample preparation procedures and have proven to provide quantitative recovery when analyzed by the semiautomated system. Conversely, the methods shall not be applied for analyses until the applicability has been demonstrated. 1.2 In normal use, the procedure can detect 0.1 [mu]g/mL of F. The normal range of analysis is from 0.1 to 1.6 [mu]g/mL of F. Higher concentrations can be analyzed by careful dilution of samples with reagent water. If digested samples routinely exceed 1.6 [mu]g/mL of F, the analytical portion of the pump manifold can be modified to reduce sensitivity. However, the best procedure is to analyze a smaller aliquot of the sample. Most accurate results are obtained when the fluoride concentration falls in the middle or upper part of the calibration curve. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 8.3 for additional precautions.

Standard Test Methods for Analysis for Fluoride Content of the Atmosphere and Plant Tissues (Semiautomated Method)

ASTM D6562-00 利用9-(N-甲氨基甲基)蒽(MAMA)法测定工作场所空气中气态二异腈酸己二酯(HDI)的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of gaseous hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) in air samples collected from workplace and ambient atmospheres. The method described in this test method collects separate fractions. One fraction will be dominated by vapor, and the other fraction will be dominated by aerosol. It is not known at the present time whether this represents a perfect separation of vapor and aerosol, and in any case, there are not separate exposure standards for vapor and aerosol. Therefore, in comparing the results for isocyanate against a standard, results from the two fractions should be combined to give a single total value. The reason for splitting the sample into two fractions is to increase analytic sensitivity for the vapor fraction and also to give the hygienist or ventilation engineer some information concerning the likely state of the isocyanate species. The analyses of the two fractions are different, and are provided in separate, linked, standards to avoid confusion. This test method is principally used to determine short term exposure (15 min) of HDI in workplace environments for personal monitoring or in ambient air. The analysis of the aerosol fraction is performed separately, as described in Test Method D6561.1.2 Differential air sampling is performed with a segregating device. The vapor fraction is collected on a glass fiber filter (GFF) impregnated with 9-(N-methylaminomethyl) anthracene (MAMA).1.3 The analysis of the gaseous fraction is performed with a high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) equipped with ultraviolet (UV) and fluorescence detectors.1.4 The range of application of this test method, using UV and fluorescence detectors both connected in serial, has been validated from 0.006 to 1.12 g of monomeric HDI/2.0 mL of desorption solution, which corresponds to concentrations equivalent to 0.0004 to 0.075 mg/m 3 of HDI based on a 15-L air sample. Those concentrations correspond to a range of vapor phase concentrations from 0.06 ppb(V) to 11 ppb(V) and cover the established threshold limit value (TLV) value of 5 ppb(V).1.5 The quantification limit for the monomeric HDI, using the UV detection, has been established as 0.016 g/2 mL of desorption solution and as 0.009 g/2 mL, using the fluorescence detector. These limits correspond to 0.001 mg/m3 and 0.0006 mg/m3 respectively for an air sampled volume of 15 L. These values are equal to ten times the standard deviation (SD) obtained from ten measurements carried out on a standard solution in contact with the GFF, whose concentration of 0.02 g/2 mL is close to the expected detection limit.1.6This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 9 for additional hazards.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Gaseous Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI) in Air with 9-(N-methylaminomethyl) Anthracene Method (MAMA) in the Workplace

ASTM D3270-00(2006) 大气和植物组织中氟化物含量分析的标准试验方法(半自动法)

These test methods may be used for determining the fluoride content of particulate matter and gases collected from the atmosphere by passive and active means, including plant tissues. The user is warned that the fluoride content of passive collectors (including plants) give only qualitative or semiquantitative measurement of atmospheric fluoride content.1.1 These test methods describe the semiautomated procedure for the analyses of various types of samples for the purpose of determining total fluoride. Since the test methods incorporate microdistillation of the sample, they may be applied to any fluoride-containing solution where standards of identical composition have been carried through the same sample preparation procedures and have proven to provide quantitative recovery when analyzed by the semiautomated system. Conversely, the methods shall not be applied for analyses until the applicability has been demonstrated.1.2 In normal use, the procedure can detect 0.1 g/mL of F. The normal range of analysis is from 0.1 to 1.6 g/mL of F. Higher concentrations can be analyzed by careful dilution of samples with reagent water. If digested samples routinely exceed 1.6 g/mL of F, the analytical portion of the pump manifold can be modified to reduce sensitivity. However, the best procedure is to analyze a smaller aliquot of the sample. Most accurate results are obtained when the fluoride concentration falls in the middle or upper part of the calibration curve.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 8.3, 10.2.4, and 10.2.5 for additional precautions.

Standard Test Methods for Analysis for Fluoride Content of the Atmosphere and Plant Tissues (Semiautomated Method)

ASTM D6552-00 控制和表征称量聚集的悬浮颗粒的误差的标准规程

1.1 Assessment of airborne aerosol hazards in the occupational setting entails sampling onto a collection medium followed by analysis of the collected material. The result is generally an estimated concentration of a possibly hazardous material in the air. The accuracy of such estimates depends on several factors, one of which relates to the specific type of analysis employed. The most commonly applied method for analysis of aerosols is the weighing of the sampled material. Gravimetric analysis, though apparently simple, is subject to errors from instability in the mass of the sampling medium and other elements that must be weighed. An example is provided by aerosol samplers designed to collect particles so as to agree with the inhalable aerosol sampling convention (see ISO TR 7708, Guide D 6062M, and EN 481). For some sampler types, filter and cassette are weighed together to make estimates. Therefore, if the cassette, for example, absorbs or loses water between the weighings required for a concentration estimation, then errors may arise. This practice covers such potential errors and provides solutions for their minimization.1.2 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Controlling and Characterizing Errors in Weighing Collected Aerosols

ASTM E741-00 用示踪气体稀释法测定单区内空气变化的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method describes techniques using tracer gas dilution for determining a single zone's air change with the outdoors, as induced by weather conditions and by mechanical ventilation. These techniques are: (1) concentration decay, (2) constant injection, and (3) constant concentration. 1.2 This test method is restricted to any single tracer gas. The associated data analysis assumes that one can characterize the tracer gas concentration within the zone with a single value. The zone shall be a building, vehicle, test cell, or any conforming enclosure. 1.3 Use of this test method requires a knowledge of the principles of gas analysis and instrumentation. Correct use of the formulas presented here requires consistent use of units, especially those of time. 1.4 Determination of the contribution to air change by individual components of the zone enclosure is beyond the scope of this test method. 1.5 The results from this test method pertain only to those conditions of weather and zonal operation that prevailed during the measurement. The use of the results from this test to predict air change under other conditions is beyond the scope of this test method. 1.6 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered requirements of this test method. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining Air Change in a Single Zone by Means of a Tracer Gas Dilution

BS ISO 13794:1999 环境空气.石棉纤维的测定.间接传递电子显微镜法

1 Substance determined This International Standard specifies a reference method using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for determination of the concentration of asbestos structures in ambient atmospheres. The specimen preparation procedure incorporates ashing and dispersion of the collected particulate, so that all asbestos is measured, including the asbestos originally incorporated in particle aggregates or particles of composite materials. The lengths, widths and aspect ratios of the asbestos fibres and bundles are measured, and these, together with the density of the type of asbestos, also allow the total mass concentration of airborne asbestos to be calculated. The method allows determination of the type(s) of asbestos fibre present. The method cannot discriminate between individual fibres of the asbestos and non-asbestos analogues of the same amphibole mineral. 2 Type of sample The method is defined for polycarbonate capillary-pore filters or cellulose ester (either mixed esters of cellulose or cellulose nitrate) filters through which a known volume of air has been drawn. The method is suitable for determination of asbestos in both exterior and building atmospheres. 3 Range The upper limit for the range of concentration that can be measured on the analytical filter is 7 000 structures/mm. The lower limit of the range that can be measured on the analytical filter corresponds to detection of 2,99 structures in the area of specimen examined. The air concentrations represented by these values are a function of the volume of air sampled and the degree of dilution or concentration selected during the specimen preparation procedures. The method is particularly applicable for measurements in areas with high suspended-particulate concentrations (exceeding 10 μg/m), or where detection and identification of asbestos fibres are likely to be prevented or hindered by other types of particulate in direct-transfer TEM preparations. In theory, there is no lower limit to the dimensions of asbestos fibres which can be detected. In practice, microscopists vary in their ability to detect very small asbestos fibres. Therefore, a minimum length of 0,5 urn has been defined as the shortest fibre to be incorporated in the reported results. 4 Limit of detection The limit of detection theoretically can be lowered indefinitely by filtration of progressively larger volumes of air, concentrating the sample during specimen preparation, and by extending the examination of the specimens in the electron microscope. In practice, the lowest achievable limit of detection for a particular area of TEM specimen examined is controlled by the total suspended particulate concentration remaining after the ashing and aqueous dispersal steps, and this depends on the chemical nature of the suspended particulate. For total suspended particulate concentrations of approximately 10μg/m, corresponding to clean, rural atmospheres, and assuming filtration of 4 000 litres of air, an analytical sensitivity of 0,5 structure/litre can be obtained, equivalent to a limit of detection of 1,8 structures/litre, if an area of 0,195 mm of the TEM specimens is examined. Lower limits of detection can be achieved by increasing the area of the TEM specimen that is examined, or by concentration of the sample during specimen preparation. In order to achieve lower limits of detection for fibres and bundles longer than 5 μm, and for PCM-equivalent fibres, lower magnifications are specified which permit more rapid examination of larger areas of the TEM specimens when the examination is limited to these dimensions of fibre.

Ambient air - Determination of asbestos fibres - Indirect-transfer transmission electron microscopy method

ISO 7168-1:1999 空气质量 数据交换 第1部分:一般数据格式

This part of ISO 7168 specifies a general format for the exchange of air quality data and related information. It defines mandatory and optional keywords to identify the data presented in a data file, and the values and formats of the data allocated to a keyword. This part of ISO 7168 is recommended for the international exchange of air quality data. It is also intended for direct data import, e.g. into spreadsheets.

Air quality - Exchange of data - Part 1: General data format

ISO 13794:1999 环境空气 石棉纤维的测定 间接传递电子显微镜法

1 Substance determined This International Standard specifies a reference method using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for determination of the concentration of asbestos structures in ambient atmospheres. The specimen preparation procedure incorporates ashing and dispersion of the collected paniculate, so that all asbestos is measured, including the asbestos originally incorporated in particle aggregates or particles of composite materials. The lengths, widths and aspect ratios of the asbestos fibres and bundles are measured, and these, together with the density of the type of asbestos, also allow the total mass concentration of airborne asbestos to be calculated. The method allows determination of the type(s) of asbestos fibre present. The method cannot discriminate between individual fibres of the asbestos and non-asbestos analogues of the same amphibole mineral. 2 Type of sample The method is defined for polycarbonate capillary-pore filters or cellulose ester (either mixed esters of cellulose or cellulose nitrate) filters through which a known volume of air has been drawn. The method is suitable for determination of asbestos in both exterior and building atmospheres. 3 Range The upper limit for the range of concentration that can be measured on the analytical filter is 7 000 structures/mm. The lower limit of the range that can be measured on the analytical filter corresponds to detection of 2,99 structures in the area of specimen examined. The air concentrations represented by these values are a function of the volume of air sampled and the degree of dilution or concentration selected during the specimen preparation procedures. The method is particularly applicable for measurements in areas with high suspended-particulate concentrations (exceeding 10 μg/m), or where detection and identification of asbestos fibres are likely to be prevented or hindered by other types of particulate in direct-transfer TEM preparations. In theory, there is no lower limit to the dimensions of asbestos fibres which can be detected. In practice, microscopists vary in their ability to detect very small asbestos fibres. Therefore, a minimum length of 0,5 μm has been defined as the shortest fibre to be incorporated in the reported results. 4 Limit of detection The limit of detection theoretically can be lowered indefinitely by filtration of progressively larger volumes of air, concentrating the sample during specimen preparation, and by extending the examination of the specimens in the electron microscope. In practice, the lowest achievable limit of detection for a particular area of TEM specimen examined is controlled by the total suspended particulate concentration remaining after the ashing and aqueous dispersal steps, and this depends on the chemical nature of the suspended particulate. For total suspended particulate concentrations of approximately 10 μg/m, corresponding to clean, rural atmospheres, and assuming filtration of 4 000 litres of air, an analytical sensitivity of 0,5 structure/litre can be obtained, equivalent to a limit of detection of 1,8 structures/litre, if an area of 0,195 mm of the TEM specimens is examined. Lower limits of detection can be achieved by increasing the area of the TEM specimen that is examined, or by concentration of the sample during specimen preparation. In order to achieve lower limits of detection for fibres and bundles longer than 5 μm, and for PCM-equivalent fibres, lower magnifications are specified which permit more rapid examination of larger areas of the TEM specimens when the examination is limited to these dimensions of fibre.

Ambient air - Determination of asbestos fibres - Indirect-transfer transmission electron microscopy method

ISO 7168-2:1999 空气质量 数据交换 第2部分:压缩数据格式

This part of ISO 7168 specifies a condensed data format for presentation of air quality data. Contrary to the general data format specified in ISO 7168-1, the condensed data format reduces the file size. This format is intended particularly for exchanging files between automatic data processing systems. Therefore, it is restricted to the minimum information necessary for processing data.

Air quality - Exchange of data - Part 2: Condensed data format

BS EN 12341:1999 空气质量.悬浮颗粒PM10系数测定.验证测量方法基准等效值证用参照法和野外检验法

This standard specifies the performance of PM10 sampling instruments in order to harmonize the monitoring within the framework of the European Union Council Directive 96/62/EC [1] on ambient air quality assessment and management, and the first daughter directive. In the daughter directive, by convention the ISO thoracic sampling convention has been assimilated to the PM10 fraction (see annex A; [2]). The standard specifies a test protocol for comparing the results of a candidate PM10 sampler with a reference PM10 one in a field test [3]. Basically, the reference equivalence awarded to a candidate sampler applies only to the range of conditions under which the field tests were carried out By carrying out the ambient field test in characteristic situations covering a wide range of relevant ambient parameters it is secured that reference equivalence does hold in prevailing conditions within European countries. Reference equivalence will explicitly not be awarded for specific situations (e.g. background only or urban situations only). Above all, the procedure given in this standard is thought to be a practical one, enabling European institutions or industries to assess candidate sampling systems under ambient conditions. The reference equivalence awarded using the procedures given in this standard, only applies to the process of sampling SPM in ambient air. It does not deal with the equivalence of commonly employed automated methods (e.g. attenuation of a-radiation or the oscillating mass balance method) to analyse the ambient SPM collected on the collection substrate. The limit of detection and the precision of the analytical method are important considerations for the user, but their determination is outside the scope of this standard. The main arguments for the designated field test procedure are elucidated in D.1.

Air quality - Determination of the PM10 fraction of suspended particulate matter - Reference method and field test procedure to demonstrate reference equivalence of measurement methods

DIN EN 12341:1999 空气质量.悬浮颗粒物中PM10系数的测定.验证测量方法参照等值用的参照方法和现场试验程序

The document describes a reference method for the determination of the PM10 fraction of suspended particulate matter (particles of an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 ? as well as a field test procedure which helps to state the equivalence of commercial PM10 measuring devices compared to the reference method. Through the application of this document, the monitoring of air pollution by fine fraction of suspended particulate matter within the framework of the Council Directive 96/62/EC of the European Union on the assessment and control of air quality shall be harmonized.#,,#

Air quality - Determination of the PM10 fraction of suspended particulate matter - Reference method and field test procedure to demonstrate reference equivalence of measurement methods; German version EN 12341:1998

ASTM D4856-99e1 工作场所大气中硫酸酸雾测定的标准试验方法(离子色谱法)

1.1 This ion chromatographic test method describes the determination of sulfuric acid mist in air samples collected from workplace atmospheres in a three-piece cassette filter. 1.2 The lower detection limit of this test method is 0.017 mg/m of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) mist in 60 L of air sampled at 1 L/min. 1.3 This test method is relatively free from interference. The only known interference is soluble or partially soluble sulfate salts. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in the Workplace Atmosphere (Ion Chromatographic)

ASTM D6494-99 可作为苯可溶性粒子的工作环境中的沥青烟雾颗粒物质的测定的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of asphalt fume particulate matter(as benzene soluble fraction) and total particulate matter weight in workplace atmospheres using a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter methodology.1.2 This procedure has been adapted from NIOSH Method 5023 (withdrawn prior to 4th edition (1994) and replaced in 1998 with NIOSH Method 5042) and OSHA Method 58 to reduce the level of background contamination providing better reproducibility.1.3 This procedure is compatible with high flow rate personal sampling equipment-0.5 to 2.0 L/min. It can be used for personnel or area monitoring.1.4 The sampling method develops a time-weighted average (TWA) sample and can be used to determine short-term exposure limit (STEL).1.5 The applicable concentration range for the TWA sample is from 0.2 to 2.0 mg/m3.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific precautionary statements, see Section .

Standard Test Method for Determination of Asphalt Fume Particulate Matter in Workplace Atmospheres as Benzene Soluble Fraction

ASTM D4856-99(2004) 工作场所大气中硫酸酸雾测定的标准试验方法(离子色谱法)

Sulfuric acid is used in the manufacture of fertilizer, explosives, dyestuffs, other acids, parchment paper, glue, and the pickling of metal. This test method has been found satisfactory for measuring sulfuric acid at levels required by federal occupational health regulations.1.1 This ion chromatographic test method describes the determination of sulfuric acid mist in air samples collected from workplace atmospheres in a three-piece cassette filter.1.2 The lower detection limit of this test method is 0.017 mg/m3 of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) mist in 60 L of air sampled at 1 L/min.1.3 This test method is relatively free from interference. The only known interference is soluble or partially soluble sulfate salts.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section .

Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in the Workplace Atmosphere (Ion Chromatographic)

ASTM D6494-99(2004)e1 可作为苯可溶性粒子的工作环境中的沥青烟雾颗粒物质的测定的标准试验方法

Asphalt is a material used in the construction of roads and as a roofing material and sealant. This test method provides a means of evaluating exposure to asphalt fume in the working environment at the presently recommended exposure guidelines. 5.2.1 The threshold limit value (TLV) for asphalt (petroleum) fumes is 5 mg/m3 8-h TWA, (1998 Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices, ACGIH5 ). This procedure has been adapted from NIOSH Method 5023 (withdrawn prior to 4th edition (1994) and replaced in 1998 with NIOSH Method 5042) and OSHA Method 58 to reduce the level of background contamination providing better reproducibility.1.1 This test method covers the determination of asphalt fume particulate matter(as benzene soluble fraction) and total particulate matter weight in workplace atmospheres using a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter methodology.1.2 This procedure has been adapted from NIOSH Method 5023 (withdrawn prior to 4th edition (1994) and replaced in 1998 with NIOSH Method 5042) and OSHA Method 58 to reduce the level of background contamination providing better reproducibility.1.3 This procedure is compatible with high flow rate personal sampling equipment-0.5 to 2.0 L/min. It can be used for personnel or area monitoring.1.4 The sampling method develops a time-weighted average (TWA) sample and can be used to determine short-term exposure limit (STEL).1.5 The applicable concentration range for the TWA sample is from 0.2 to 2.0 mg/m3.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific precautionary statements, see Section .

Standard Test Method for Determination of Asphalt Fume Particulate Matter in Workplace Atmospheres as Benzene Soluble Fraction

ASTM D6332-99 测量一氧化碳测量器对气体和蒸气的动态反应的试验系统的标准指南

1.1 This guide describes testing systems used for measuring responses of carbon monoxide (CO) alarms or detectors subjected to gases, vapors, and their mixtures. 1.2 The systems are used to evaluate responses of CO detectors to various CO concentrations, to verify that the detectors alarm at certain specified CO concentrations, and to verify that CO detectors do not alarm at certain other specified CO concentrations. 1.3 The systems are used for evaluating CO detector responses to gases and vapors that may interfere with the ability of detectors to respond to CO. 1.4 Major components of such a testing system include a chamber, clean air supply module, humidification module, gas and vapor delivery module, and verification and control instrumentation. 1.5 For each component, this guide provides a comparison of different approaches and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. 1.6 This guide also presents recommendations for a minimum configuration of a testing system. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific safety precautionary information, see 6.2.

Standard Guide for Testing Systems for Measuring Dynamic Responses of Carbon Monoxide Detectors to Gases and Vapors

ASTM E1728-99 用原子光谱技术测定铅含量的扫描取样法现场收集积尘样品的标准实施规范

1.1 This practice covers the collection of settled dusts on hard surfaces using the wipe sampling method. These samples are collected in a manner that will permit subsequent digestion and determination of lead using laboratory analysis techniques such as Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES), Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS), and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GFAAS). 1.2 This practice is used to collect samples for subsequent determination of lead on a loading basis (micrograms of lead per area sampled). This practice cannot be used to collect samples for subsequent determination of lead on a concentration basis (micrograms of lead per gram of settled dust collected). 1.3 This practice is not intended for collection of settled dust samples from rough or porous surfaces such as upholstery and carpeting. 1.4 This practice does not address the sampling design criteria (that is, sampling plan that includes the number and location of samples) that are used for risk assessment and other purposes. To provide for valid conclusions, sufficient numbers of samples must be obtained as directed by a sampling plan. 1.5 This practice contains notes that are explanatory and are not part of the mandatory requirements of this practice. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Field Collection of Settled Dust Samples Using Wipe Sampling Methods for Lead Determination by Atomic Spectrometry Techniques

ASTM D6332-99(2005) 测量一氧化碳测量器对气体和蒸气的动态反应的试验系统的标准指南

This guide provides information on testing systems and their components used for measuring responses of CO alarms or detectors subjected to gases, vapors, and their mixtures. Components of a testing system include a chamber, clean air supply module, humidification module, gas and vapor delivery module, and verification and control instrumentation. The CO detector is tested by sequential exposure to CO and interference gases at the specified challenge concentrations. A properly functioning alarm/detector will sound upon sufficient exposure to CO but will not sound upon any exposure to interference gases consistent with applicable standards (for example, IAS 6-96 (1)6 , BS 7860, UL 2034). 1.1 This guide describes testing systems used for measuring responses of carbon monoxide (CO) alarms or detectors subjected to gases, vapors, and their mixtures. 1.2 The systems are used to evaluate responses of CO detectors to various CO concentrations, to verify that the detectors alarm at certain specified CO concentrations, and to verify that CO detectors do not alarm at certain other specified CO concentrations. 1.3 The systems are used for evaluating CO detector responses to gases and vapors that may interfere with the ability of detectors to respond to CO. 1.4 Major components of such a testing system include a chamber, clean air supply module, humidification module, gas and vapor delivery module, and verification and control instrumentation. 1.5 For each component, this guide provides a comparison of different approaches and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. 1.6 This guide also presents recommendations for a minimum configuration of a testing system. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific safety precautionary information, see 6.2.

Standard Guide for Testing Systems for Measuring Dynamic Responses of Carbon Monoxide Detectors to Gases and Vapors