Z15 大气环境有毒害物质分析方法 标准查询与下载

ASTM D6327-98(2004) 通过滤膜上活动取样对室内空气工作水平和氡衰减产品浓度测定的标准试验方法

The test method provides a relatively simple method for determination of the concentration of RDP without the need for specialty equipment built expressly for such purposes. Using this test method will afford investigators of radon in dwellings a technique by which the RDP can be determined. The use of the results of this test method are generally for diagnostic purposes and are not necessarily indicative of results that might be obtained by longer term measurement methods. An improved understanding of the frequency of elevated radon in buildings and the health effect of exposure has increased the importance of knowledge of actual exposures. The measurement of RDP, which are the direct cause of potential adverse health effects, should be conducted in a manner that is uniform and reproducible; it is to this end that this test method is addressed.1.1 This test method provides instruction for using the grab sampling filter technique to determine accurate and reproducible measurements of indoor radon decay product (RDP) concentrations and of the working level value corresponding to those concentrations.1.2 Measurements made in accordance with this test method will produce RDP concentrations representative of closed-building conditions. Results of measurements made under closed-building conditions will have a smaller variability and are more reproducible than measurements obtained when building conditions are not controlled. This test method may be utilized under non-controlled conditions, but a greater degree of variability in the results will occur. Variability in the results may also be an indication of temporal variability present at the sampling site.1.3 This test method utilizes a short sampling period and the results are indicative of the conditions only at the place and time of sampling. The results obtained by this test method are not necessarily indicative of longer terms of sampling and should not be confused with such results. The averaging of multiple measurements over hours and days can, however, provide useful screening information. Individual measurements are generally obtained for diagnostic purposes.1.4 The range of the test method may be considered from 0.0005 WL to unlimited working levels (WL), and from 40 Bq/m3 to unlimited for each individual randon decay product.1.5 This test method provides information on equipment, procedures, and quality control. It provides for measurements within typical residential or building environments and may not necessarily apply to specialized circumstances, for example, clean rooms.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section for additional precautions.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Radon Decay Product Concentration and Working Level in Indoor Atmospheres by Active Sampling on a Filter

ASTM D2010/D2010M-98(2004) 用二氧化铅技术评价空气中总硫酸盐活性的标准试验方法

Sulfur oxide gases are produced during the combustion of materials containing sulfur. These gases are precursors of atmospheric sulfuric acid, which has been shown to be injurious to living creatures and plants, as well as some inanimate materials such as metals, limestone and sandstone building materials. Sulfur dioxide is moderately toxic and strongly phytotoxic to many species. Permissible ambient levels of SO2 have been established by law. When it is necessary to establish whether ambient air concentrations of sulfuric acid precursors, such as sulfur oxides, are present and to comply with legal criteria, manual and automatic monitoring systems specific for the individual sulfur species are used. Likely locations for monitoring sites for the estimation of concentrations and concentration trends over long periods of time can be screened conveniently using the PbO 2 candles or sulfation plates. Atmospheric corrosion of metallic materials is a function of many weather and atmospheric variables. The effect of specific corrodants, such as SO2, can accelerate the atmospheric corrosion of metals or structures significantly. The PbO2 candle and sulfation plate test methods provide simple techniques to monitor SO2 levels in the atmosphere independently to yield a weighted average result. The results of these test methods are useful for characterizing atmospheric corrosion test sites regarding the effective average concentrations of SO2 in the atmosphere at these locations. These test methods are useful for determining microclimatic seasonal and long-term variations in effective average SO2 concentrations. The results of these test methods may be used in correlations of atmospheric corrosion rates with atmosphere data to determine the sensitivity of the corrosion rate to the SO2 level. These test methods may also be used with other test methods to characterize the atmosphere at sites at which buildings or other construction are planned in order to determine the extent of protective measures required for the materials of construction.1.1 These test methods describe the evaluation of the total sulfation activity in the atmosphere. Because of its oxidizing power, lead dioxide (PbO2) converts not only sulfur dioxide (SO2), but other compounds, such as mercaptans and hydrogen sulfide, into sulfate. It fixes sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid mist present in the atmosphere (see Note 0).1.2 Test Method A describes the use of a PbO2 candle, and Test Method B describes that of a PbO2 sulfation plate.1.3 These test methods provide a weighted average effective SO2 level for a 30-day interval.1.4 The results of these test methods correlate approximately with volumetric SO2 concentrations, although the presence of dew or condensed moisture tends to enhance the capture of SO2 onto the candle or plate.1.5 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as the standard. The values given in brackets are for information only and may be approximate.Note 0It has been shown that the rate constant of the chemical reaction between SO2 and PbO2 is independent of the concentration of SO2 up to levels of 1000 ppm(v), if 15 % or less of the PbO2 has been reduced (). 15 % of the PbO2 is equivalent to 11 to 12 mg of SO2/cm2 per day.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ......

Standard Test Methods for Evaluation of Total Sulfation Activity in the Atmosphere by the Lead Dioxide Technique

ASTM D6327-98 通过滤膜上活动取样对室内空气工作水平和氡衰减产品浓度测定的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method provides instruction for using the grab sampling filter technique to determine accurate and reproducible measurements of indoor radon decay product (RDP) concentrations and of the working level value corresponding to those concentrations.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Radon Decay Product Concentration and Working Level in Indoor Atmospheres by Active Sampling on a Filter

BS EN 1076:1997 工作地点的环境.测定气体和蒸气用的泵吸附管.要求和试验方法

This European Standard specifies performance requirements and test methods under prescribed laboratory conditions for a pumped sorbent tube used in conjunction with an air sampling pump for the determination of gases and vapours in workplace atmospheres. Additional tests designed to establish whether the performance characteristics of the pumped sorbent tube are affected by the wider range of environmental influences that may be encountered in field use are described in annexes C and D. If there is no pumped sorbent tube for measuring a particular chemical agent which meets the requirements of this European Standard, it is recommended to use a pumped sorbent tube whose performance is nearest to the specified requirements. Some of the test methods described in this European Standard require the use of an air sampling pump. The specification for such a pump is covered by EN 1232. This European Standard is applicable to pumped sorbent tubes which are used for the indirect determination of concentrations, by sampling and analysis in separate stages. These tubes can be divided into: - type A samplers which rely on sorption onto a solid or onto a support impregnated with a reagent, desorption with solvent, and subsequent analysis of the desorbate; - type B samplers which rely on sorption onto a solid or onto a support impregnated with a reagent, desorption by heat, and analysis of the desorbate. NOTE 1. Type A samplers usually consist of two beds of sorbent in series, i.e. with a back-up section, and contain an active sorbent (e.g. charcoal) or a support impregnated with reagent. The back-up section is not used in the breakthrough tests, but in field use is a protection against unexpected breakthrough. NOTE 2. Type B samplers usually consist of a single bed of active sorbent (e.g. porous polymer resin). Specific aspects of the use of reagent impregnated systems will be covered in additional parts of this standard. The European Standard does not apply to: - pumped sorbent tubes which are used for the direct determination of concentrations, for example, length-of-stain detector tubes; - samplers which rely on sorption into a liquid, and subsequent analysis of the solution (bubblers). This European Standard should enable manufacturers and users of pumped sorbent tubes to adopt a consistent approach to sampler validation and provide a framework for the assessment of sampler performance against criteria specified in EN 482. It is the responsibility of the manufacturer or of those who assemble the pumped sorbent tubes to ensure that the sampler complies with the overall uncertainty requirements under the specified laboratory conditions given in this European Standard including such environmental influences (e.g. temperature and humidity) that may be expected to affect performance. No useful performance requirements can be given for the effect of interferents (with the exception of water vapour). However, the user of pumped sorbent tubes should be cautioned that interferences may occur (see 5.8e). NOTE 3. Annexes C and D relating to field tests are not obligatory as part of this European Standard but are directed primarily to the users of such devices, who are in the best position to know the specific factors that can significantly affect sampler performance. NOTE 4. Because of the known relationship between atmosphere pressure and atmospheric concentrations, a pressure test is normally not necessary.

Workplace atmospheres - Pumped sorbent tubes for the determination of gases and vapours - Requirements and test methods

DIN 33893-2:1997 技术设备粉尘排放.气载有害物质排放量测定.第2部分:空气污染物浓度参数.固定式木材加工机械

Dust emission of technical equipment - Evaluation of the emission of airborne hazardous substances - Part 2: Pollutant concentration parameter; stationary operated wood working machines

NF X43-286:1997 工作环境大气.气体和蒸汽测定用抽气式吸附管.要求和试验方法(欧洲标准EN 1076)

Workplace atmospheres. Pumped sorbent tubes for the determination of gases and vapours. Requirements and test methods.

XP X 43-053-1997 空气质量.环境空气.大气污染分析仪和样品器校准的说明手册.采样、测量站和气流速

AIR QUALITY. AMBIENT AIR. INSTRUCTION HANDBOOK FOR THE CALIBRATION OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUANT ANALYZERS AND SAMPLERS. SAMPLING. MEASURING STATION AND GAS FLOW RATES.

BS ISO 11174:1997 工作场所空气.颗粒镉和镉化合物的测定.采用火焰和电热原子吸收光谱测定法

Specifies methods for the determination of the mass concentration of particulate cadmium and cadmium compounds in workplace air by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric method (ETAAS) applicable to the determination of mass concentrations of 10 ng to 600 ng Cadmium per sample or flame atomic absorption spectrometric method (FAAS), applicable to the determination of mass concentrations of 0, 15 g to 96 g Cadmium per sample.

Workplace air - Determination of particulate cadmium and cadmium compounds - Flame and electro-thermal atomic absorption spectrometric method

ASTM G91-97(2010) 使用硫酸化极板技术检测大气中的二氧化硫 2 的标准操作规程

Atmospheric corrosion of metallic materials is a function of many weather and atmospheric variables. The effect of specific corrodants, such as sulfur dioxide, can accelerate the atmospheric corrosion of metals significantly. The sulfation plate method provides a simple technique to independently monitor the level of SO2 in the atmosphere to yield a weighted average result. Sulfation plate results may be used to characterize atmospheric corrosion test sites regarding the effective average level of SO2 in the atmosphere at these locations. Sulfation plate testing is useful in determining microclimate, seasonal, and long term variations in the effective average level of SO2. The results of sulfation plate tests may be used in correlations of atmospheric corrosion rates with atmospheric data to determine the sensitivity of the corrosion rate to SO2 level. The sulfation plate method may also be used with other methods to characterize the atmosphere at sites where buildings or other construction is planned in order to determine the extent of protective measures required for metallic materials.1.1 This practice covers a weighted average effective SO2 level for a 30-day interval through the use of the sulfation plate method, a technique for estimating the effective SO2 content of the atmosphere, and especially with regard to the atmospheric corrosion of stationary structures or panels. This practice is aimed at determining SO2 levels rather than sulfuric acid aerosol or acid precipitation. 1.2 The results of this practice correlate approximately with volumetric SO2 concentrations, although the presence of dew or condensed moisture tends to enhance the capture of SO2 into the plate. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Monitoring Atmospheric SO2 Using the Sulfation Plate Technique

ASTM D5157-97(2008) 室内空气质量模型统计评估的标准指南

Using the tools described in this guide, an individual seeking to apply an IAQ model should be able to (1) assess the performance of the model for a specific situation or (2) recognize or assess its advantages and limitations. This guide can also be used for identifying specific areas of model deficiency that require further development or refinement.1.1 This guide provides quantitative and qualitative tools for evaluation of indoor air quality (IAQ) models. These tools include methods for assessing overall model performance as well as identifying specific areas of deficiency. Guidance is also provided in choosing data sets for model evaluation and in applying and interpreting the evaluation tools. The focus of the guide is on end results (that is, the accuracy of indoor concentrations predicted by a model), rather than operational details such as the ease of model implementation or the time required for model calculations to be performed. 1.2 Although IAQ models have been used for some time, there is little guidance in the technical literature on the evaluation of such models. Evaluation principles and tools in this guide are drawn from past efforts related to outdoor air quality or meteorological models, which have objectives similar to those for IAQ models and a history of evaluation literature.(1) Some limited experience exists in the use of these tools for evaluation of IAQ models.

Standard Guide for Statistical Evaluation of Indoor Air Quality Models

ASTM G91-97(2004) 使用硫酸化极板技术检测大气中二氧化硫的标准实施规范

Atmospheric corrosion of metallic materials is a function of many weather and atmospheric variables. The effect of specific corrodants, such as sulfur dioxide, can accelerate the atmospheric corrosion of metals significantly. The sulfation plate method provides a simple technique to independently monitor the level of SO2 in the atmosphere to yield a weighted average result. Sulfation plate results may be used to characterize atmospheric corrosion test sites regarding the effective average level of SO2 in the atmosphere at these locations. Sulfation plate testing is useful in determining microclimate, seasonal, and long term variations in the effective average level of SO2. The results of sulfation plate tests may be used in correlations of atmospheric corrosion rates with atmospheric data to determine the sensitivity of the corrosion rate to SO2 level. The sulfation plate method may also be used with other methods to characterize the atmosphere at sites where buildings or other construction is planned in order to determine the extent of protective measures required for metallic materials.1.1 This practice covers a weighted average effective SO2 level for a 30-day interval through the use of the sulfation plate method, a technique for estimating the effective SO2 content of the atmosphere, and especially with regard to the atmospheric corrosion of stationary structures or panels. This practice is aimed at determining SO2 levels rather than sulfuric acid aerosol or acid precipitation.1.2 The results of this practice correlate approximately with volumetric SO2 concentrations, although the presence of dew or condensed moisture tends to enhance the capture of SO2 into the plate.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Monitoring Atmospheric SO2 Using the Sulfation Plate Technique

ASTM D4599-97 用污染程度剂量计测量有毒气体或蒸气浓度的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice describes the detection and measurement of time weighted average (TWA) concentrations of toxic gases or vapors using length-of-stain colorimetric dosimeter tubes. A list of some of the gases and vapors that can be detected by this practice is provided in Annex A1. This list is given as a guide and should be considered neither absolute nor complete. 1.2 Length-of-stain colorimetric dosimeters work by diffusional sampling. The results are immediately available by visual observation; thus no auxiliary sampling, test nor analysis equipment are needed. The dosimeters, therefore, are extremely simple to use and very cost effective. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Measuring the Concentration of Toxic Gases or Vapors Using Length-of-Stain Dosimeters

ASTM D3614-97(2002)e1 从事大气和发射物取样和分析的实验室评定的规程

1.1 This guide covers criteria to be used by those responsible for the selection, evaluation, operation, and control of laboratory organizations engaged in sampling and analysis of environmental atmospheres, including ambient, work space, and source emission (stack gas) atmospheres. 1.2 This guide presents features of organizations, facilities, resources, and operations which by their selection and control affect the reliability and credibility of the data generated. 1.3 This guide presents the criteria for the selection and control of the features listed in 1.2 so that acceptable performance may be attained and sustained. Also, this guide presents recommendations for the correction of unacceptable performance. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Laboratories Engaged in Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres and Emissions

ASTM D3614-97 从事大气和发射物取样和分析的实验室评定的规程

1.1 This guide covers criteria to be used by those responsible for the selection, evaluation, operation, and control of laboratory organizations engaged in sampling and analysis of environmental atmospheres, including ambient, work space, and source emission (stack gas) atmospheres. 1.2 This guide presents features of organizations, facilities, resources, and operations which by their selection and control affect the reliability and credibility of the data generated. 1.3 This guide presents the criteria for the selection and control of the features listed in 1.2 so that acceptable performance may be attained and sustained. Also, this guide presents recommendations for the correction of unacceptable performance. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Laboratories Engaged in Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres and Emissions

ASTM D5157-97 室内空气质量模型统计评估的标准指南

1.1 This guide provides quantitative and qualitative tools for evaluation of indoor air quality (IAQ) models. These tools include methods for assessing overall model performance as well as identifying specific areas of deficiency. Guidance is also provided in choosing data sets for model evaluation and in applying and interpreting the evaluation tools. The focus of the guide is on end results (that is, the accuracy of indoor concentrations predicted by a model), rather than operational details such as the ease of model implementation or the time required for model calculations to be performed. 1.2 Although IAQ models have been used for some time, there is little guidance in the technical literature on the evaluation of such models. Evaluation principles and tools in this guide are drawn from past efforts related to outdoor air quality or meteorological models, which have objectives similar to those for IAQ models and a history of evaluation literature.(1) Some limited experience exists in the use of these tools for evaluation of IAQ models.

Standard Guide for Statistical Evaluation of Indoor Air Quality Models

ASTM D5157-97(2003)e1 室内空气质量模型统计评估的标准指南

1.1 This guide provides quantitative and qualitative tools for evaluation of indoor air quality (IAQ) models. These tools include methods for assessing overall model performance as well as identifying specific areas of deficiency. Guidance is also provided in choosing data sets for model evaluation and in applying and interpreting the evaluation tools. The focus of the guide is on end results (that is, the accuracy of indoor concentrations predicted by a model), rather than operational details such as the ease of model implementation or the time required for model calculations to be performed. 1.2 Although IAQ models have been used for some time, there is little guidance in the technical literature on the evaluation of such models. Evaluation principles and tools in this guide are drawn from past efforts related to outdoor air quality or meteorological models, which have objectives similar to those for IAQ models and a history of evaluation literature.1 Some limited experience exists in the use of these tools for evaluation of IAQ models.

Standard Guide for Statistical Evaluation of Indoor Air Quality Models

NF X43-100*NF ISO 7708:1996 空气质量.身体健康相关的抽样的粒度级定义

Air quality. Particle size fraction definitions for health-related sampling.

EJ/T 1008-1996 空气中¹⁴C的取样与测定方法

<(superscript)14>C-based methods for sampling and determination in air

JIS K 0304:1996 空气中二氧化碳的测定方法

この規格は，大気中の二酸化炭素濃度を，高精度に側定する方法について規定する。

Methods for determination of carbon dioxide in air

DIN ISO 7708:1996 空气质量.卫生抽样用悬浮灰尘粒度分布定义

Defines sampling conventions for particle size fractions for use in assessing possible health effects of airborne particles in the workplace and ambient environment. Defines conventions for the inhalable, thoracic and respirable fractions; extrathoracic and tracheobronchial conventions may be calculated from the defined conventions. The conventions should not be used in association with limit values defined in other terms, for example for limit values of fibres defined in terms of their length and diameter.

Air quality - Particle size fraction definitions for health-related sampling (ISO 7708:1995)