ASTM E170-08a由美国材料与试验协会 US-ASTM 发布于 2008。
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This terminology generally covers terms that apply to radiation measurements and dosimetry associated with energy deposition and radiation effects, or damage, in materials caused by interactions by high-energy radiation fields. The common radiation fields considered are X-rays, gamma rays, electrons, alpha particles, neutrons, and mixtures of these fields. This treatment is not intended to be exhaustive but reflects special and common terms used in technology and applications of interest to Committee E10, as for example, in areas of radiation effects on components of nuclear power reactors, radiation hardness testing of electronics, and radiation processing of materials. This terminology uses recommended definitions and concepts of quantities, with units, for radiation measurements as contained in the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) Report 33 on “Radiation Quantities and Units,” April 15, 1980.2 Those terms that are defined essentially according to the terminology of ICRU Report 33 will be followed by ICRU in parentheses. It should also be noted that the units for quantities used are the latest adopted according to the International System of Units (SI).
通常用的标准矿物,即摩氏硬度计就是用这种方法确定的:用10种矿物互相刻划,按硬度相对大小顺序把矿物硬度分为10级,排列在后边的矿物均能刻动前边的矿物。这10种标准矿物见图1-6。+图1-6 10种标准硬度矿物(百度图片)然而,在实际工作中,经常与摩氏硬度的标准矿物(图1-7)进行比较是很不方便的。...
美国材料与试验协会ASTM E2832《连续降雨条件下道路标线逆反射系数的标准测试方法》和欧洲标准EN1436《道路标线材料—道路标线性能及其测试方法》在这方面给我们提供了很好的依据。名词释义逆反射亮度系数RL指道路标线在夜间车灯照射条件下体现出的逆反射性能,又称为反光性能,单位是mcd·m-2·lx-1,其性能影响因素主要跟道路标线的材料和结构有关,与车灯和周围光源无关联。...
测定用的折光计需能读数至0.0001,测量范围1.3-1.7。测定时应调节温度至20℃±0.5℃(或各品种项下规定的温度),测量后再重复读数两次,3次读数的平均值即为供试品的折光率。二、仪器阿贝折光计由镜筒、棱镜、刻度装置、反光镜和底座组成。棱镜包括两块高折光率的铅质玻璃棱镜。上面一块为光滑面的主要棱镜,下面一块为磨砂面的辅助棱镜,用于盛放供试品。...
测定用的折光计需能读数至0.0001,测量范围1.3-1.7。测定时应调节温度至20℃±0.5℃(或各品种项下规定的温度),测量后再重复读数两次,3次读数的平均值即为供试品的折光率。二、仪器阿贝折光计由镜筒、棱镜、刻度装置、反光镜和底座组成。棱镜包括两块高折光率的铅质玻璃棱镜。上面一块为光滑面的主要棱镜,下面一块为磨砂面的辅助棱镜,用于盛放供试品。...
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