【清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室汽车碰撞实验室】研究方向-前沿Lab-分析测试百科网

汽车主动安全性

Automotive Passive Safety

在国家自然科学基金项目支持下，开展了动力学稳定性控制技术研究，提出轮胎联合滑移工况轮胎- 路面附着系数确识别方法，

提出变结构扩展卡尔曼滤波器，实现了瞬态转向过程车身侧偏角识别。研制出ESC、EPB 产品与ESC 测试系统。

Under the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, we have developed the research about the vehicle

stability control technology, proposed tire-road friction coefficient estimation algorithm based on signal fusion method under

complex maneuvering operations, and proposed a variable structure extended kalman filter to realize the estimation of vehicle

side slip angle during a transient steering maneuvering process. And we have developed the products of ESC, EPB, and the

ESC test system.

ESC 高精度液压特性模拟测试平台自主ESC 产品自主EPB 产品

在国家自然科学基金项目和国际合作项目支持下，开展了轮胎动力学与优化设计研究，开发了轮胎滚动噪声仿真与花纹

设计方法，提出了轮胎- 道路高频相互作用的三维理论。

Supported by NSFC and leading international tire industries, a long-term research program on tire dynamics has been

successfully undertaken during past years, the methodology for tire-road rolling noise simulation and tire pattern optimization

design have been developed, and 3D theory of high frequency tire-road interaction has been established.

低噪声汽车的理论方法、关键技术及工程应用：建立了基于三维随机阵列的衍射声全息方法，实现了汽车噪声源定位识别及

声场可视化再现；建立了运行工况下噪声源传递路径识别方法，解决了声源贡献率快速定量识别难题；建立了系统化的低噪声

汽车正向设计方法，实现了满足整车声学目标的关键总成噪声限值分配，及吸声、消声结构的正向设计，突破了低噪声汽车设

计的薄弱环节。项目成果已被国内汽车公司广泛采用，并获得2009 中国汽车工业科学技术进步奖一等奖和2010 年国家技术发

明二等奖。

The moving vehicle noise sources are identified and visualized with the developed acoustic holography technique using 3D

random array. The transfer characteristics analyzed method (TCA) on running conditions is proposed, and the main noise

sources and their contribution rate to the whole vehicle noise level are analyzed. The design method for low noise vehicle is

proposed, which includes the distribution method for noise level limitation on main vehicle assemblies, the method to design

noise absorption and attenuation structures. The method and technology are widely used by automobile companies in China.

Associated achievements have won a National Automotive Industry Science and Technology Progress Award in 2009 and a

National Invention Award in 2010.

驾驶员身心状态及驾驶行为的分析、监控及干预理论与方法：开展了驾驶员疲劳疲劳状态的生理机制和外部表征研究，揭示

了驾驶人疲劳状态迁移机理及生理表达机制，提出了基于多信息源融合的驾驶人疲劳状态识别方法；开展了驾驶员不良（含安全

和节能）驾驶行为的监控和引导研究，提出了险态驾驶行为的多层任务分解策略，建立了节能驾驶操作的模型驱动式辨识构架，

解决了高非线性、高随机性且大不确定性驾驶行为的定量化难题。

The state transition mechanism of driving fatigue was revealed by the study of the characteristics of physiological

performance and driving maneuver in the process of driving fatigue development. The driving fatigue recognition method was

proposed based on multi-source information fusion. The monitoring and guidance of abnormal driving behavior was studied,

which proposed multi-layer decomposition and synthesis framework, and established model-driven identification theory for

eco-driving behaviors. The study has addressed the quantification difficulty of driving behaviors with high nonlinearity, high

randomness and large uncertainties.

混杂道路交通环境的目标感知与危险辨识：发明了多特征分级融合的目标快速识别方法和最优动态跟踪的危险辨识方法，在中

国复杂道路交通环境下车道线/ 车辆实时检测准确率大于98%。多目标协调式自适应巡航控制：提出了多目标协调式ACC 体系及

算法，用于平衡跟踪性能、燃油经济性和驾驶员感受。相关成果获得2013 年国家技术发明二等奖。

The study proposed a fast detection method for effective targets based on the multi-feature fusion and a car-following risk

identification ethod based on Kalman filtering technique. The research has reached an accuracy of >98% for the lane marker

and frontal vehicle detection in China’s complex traffic flow. The study proposed a multi-objective vehicular coordinated

adaptivecruise control method for road vehicles, which can comprehensively compromise the tracking capability, fuel economy

and driver desired response. The related research won the Second Prize of National Invention Award in 2013.

与北京市交管局长期合作，针对交通事故多维信息重建与特征提取方法开展了深入研究，取得了重大技术突破，联合获得了

2011年国家科学技术进步二等奖。

Cooperating with Beijing Traffic Management Bureau, the in-depth researches concerning the reconstruction and

characteristic collection methods on multi-dimension information of traffic accidents obtained significant technological

achievements, which were awarded the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress in 2011.

汽车被动安全性

Automotive Passive Safety

针对多碰撞工况要求，提出了结构安全性协同设计技术，实现了设计参数综合优化，并成功应用于多种车型碰撞安全性设

计。拓展应用到登月返回器多工况着陆冲击防护设计和水下非接触爆炸舰艇乘员三向抗冲击装备设计。早期成果于1997 年

获得国家科学技术进步二等奖，近期成果于2011年联合获得军队科技进步一等奖。

To meet the requirements of multiple crash scenarios, a cooperative design technology of structural safety was

proposed, and the comprehensive optimization of design parameters was realized. The theories were successfully

applied to automobile industries, and furthermore applied to the protection design for landing impact of reentry capsule

and anti-shock equipment design for warship crew in underwater explosion. Associated achievements won 2nd Prize

of National Science and Technology Progress Award in 1997 and 1st Prize of Army Science and Technology Progress

Award in 2011.

在国家自然科学基金资助下，开展了多工况下乘员和行人碰撞损伤机理与评价方法研究。建立了适应中国交通事故特征和

国内乘员身材的自适应约束系统构型谱，在国际上首次研制成功4 自由度膝关节行人下肢模块。针对斜向碰撞和人- 车碰撞等

复杂工况下人体损伤无法准确评估的难题，建立了损伤评价理论和快速评估工具。提出了参数化儿童头部有限元建模方法，

实现了不同年龄阶段儿童头部有限元模型的快速自动建模。

Supported by NSFC, impact injuries of occupants and pedestrian under various conditions were studied as well as

relevant essment methods. An adaptive restraint system configuration spectrum was established that considers China

traffic accident characteristics and domestic occupants’ stature. A pedestrian legform with 4-DOF knee joint with

improved bio-fidelity was developed. To achieve better assessment of human injuries under oblique impact and

other complicated conditions, injury assessment theory and rapid assessment tool were developed. Parametric child

head FE modeling method was proposed.

在国家自然科学基金或国际合作等项目支持下，深入研究了多种金属、非金属以及复合材料的动态变形响应和断裂行为，

建立了完备的材料力学特性表征数据库、提高了轻量化车身碰撞模拟精度。开展了新型纳米多孔材料碰撞能量吸收技术研

究，建立了多尺度研究平台，显著提升了能量耗散密度。开展了胶接接头性能及环境老化机理研究，开发了高效率仿真

模型，借助分子动力学实现了结构胶湿热老化效应的定量分析。

Supported by NSFC or international cooperation, many metallic, nonmetallic and composite materials are investigated

in terms of their impact responses and fracture behaviors, forming a complete database of material mechanical

performance and improving accuracy of lightweight vehicle crash simulations. The technology of energy absorption

using porous nano-materials is studied with a multi-scale research platform, showing the potential of such a

mechanism to significantly raise energy dissipation density. Adhesive-bonded joints are also investigated in terms of

their mechanical performance and the mechanism of the hygrothermal degradation as well.

提出了车身结构多学科（刚度、疲劳、强度、侧翻、轻量化以及NVH）并行设计优化方法，开发了多学科多目标协同优化

设计（MDO）平台，技术在福田及陕汽进行了推广应用。

The methodology of multi-disciplinary paralle optimization and design for auto-body structure is proposed, and a

platform for multi-disciplinary and multi-objective cooperative optimization an design is developed. Associated

techniques have been applied to industries.

电动汽车与新型动力

Electric Vehicles And New Powertrains

在国家863 计划和北京市重点项目支持下，对新能源城市客车进行了多年技术攻关，取得了以“城市客车多能源一

体化混合动力系统”为代表的一系列技术创新成果，研制了我国第一批通过产品认证的燃料电池混合动力城市客车，

在北京奥运会上成功投入公交运行和赛事服务。相关技术成功应用于北汽福田、中通、申沃等国内主要客车厂家的产

品，累计运行203 万公里。获授权发明专利21 项，实用新型专利6 项，软件著作权14 项，制定相关标准规范42 项

（包括1 项国家标准），出版著作3 部（包括1 部学术专著），发表SCI/EI 收录论文113 篇。2010 年相关项目获得

国家技术发明二等奖。

Supported by the national 863 plan of China and key programs of Beijing, series of technology innovative

achievements represented by the energyflexible unified platform hybrid powertrain have been obtained. The first

fleet of fuel cell city buses in China with production certifications was developed, and demonstrated in the Beijing

Olympic Games and serviced in Bus routes successfully between 2008 and 2009. Related technologies have

been applied to the productions by primary bus manufacturers in China. 21 innovation patents, 6 utility model

patents, 14 software copyrights have been authorized. 42 related standards have been established. Three books

and 113 SCI/EI papers have been published. An associated program won a National Invention Award in 2010.

形成了基于模型的电池组SOC/SOH/SOF 状态估计与故障诊断方法，研发了基于Master-Slave 架构的分布式电

池管理系统，并实现应用推广。突破了锂离子电池系统安全性建模、测试与电池系统集成的关键技术，并实现产业

化。

We have formulated a synthetic methodology for states observation and fault diagnosis for battery systems

based on SOC/SOH/SOF, developed a novel distributed battery management system with a Master-Slave

framework, and applied it into industry. A breakthrough of battery safety modeling, testing and integration has

been obtained, and key technologies have been commercialized successfully.

新一代燃料电池混合动力客车实现了轮边电动桥分布式驱动技术和高功率密度金属双极板电堆装车运行，动力系

统技术开始在燃料电池有轨电车和燃料电池物流卡车上推广应用。

The new generation of FC hybrid city buses equipped with distributed wheeledge motors and high power density

FC stack with metal bipolars has been developed and demonstrated successfully. Key powertrain technologies

have been applied to FC hybrid tramcars and delivery trucks.

先进发动机与排放控制

Advanced Engines And Emission Control

在国家973 基础研究计划支持下，提出了宽馏分燃料的新概念，炼油过程中汽油、煤油和柴油不分馏，减低炼油成本。

在实际发动机上已获得同时降低油耗和PM 排放的显著效果，展示了未来将传统的汽油机和柴油机统一的前景。

Supported by the National Key Basic Research Plan, the Wide Distillation Fuel (WDF) concept has been proposed.

The cost in fuel refining is reduced, since no distillation process is required to obtain gasoline, kerosene, and diesel,

respectively. In the engine test, the WDF can both reduce fuel consumption and PM emissions significantly, which

shows the potential to unify the gasoline engines and the diesel engines in the future.

在国家自然科学基金重点项目支持下，对内燃机爆震现象进行了研究，发现爆震强度与燃烧室内末端混合气的燃

烧模式有关，超级爆震的实质为爆轰燃烧，提出了高混合气能量密度是导致爆轰产生的主要因素。在863和国家自然

科学基金项目的支持下，开展了天然气掺氢发动机（HCNG）燃烧、排放研究，揭示了HCNG 内燃机循环变动与

稀燃极限、热效率、排放的变化规律及其影响机理。20% 含氢量HCNG 发动机排放满足欧VI、ETC 循环燃料消耗

率比原天然气发动机降低7~10%、而动力性不变。研究成果获2011 年北京市科学技术一等奖，应用于东风、潍柴

等多家汽车公司。

Supported by the Key Project of National Nature Science Fund, engine knock has been investigated. It is found

that the knock intensity is related to the combustion modes of end-gas in the combustion chamber. The essence

of the super-knock is detonation. The key factor of the detonation is the high energy density of the mixture.

Fundamental research on HCNG ( Hydrogen enriched Compressed Natural Gas ) engine’s combustion and

emissions had been done supported by 863 and NSFC. HCNG engines can meet Europe VI emission regulation

fueled by HCNG with 20% hydrogen in volume, 7~10% ETC cycle’s fuel consumption can be. The research

achievements won the 1st Class Awards of Beijing Science and Technology Prize in 2011.

在国家自然科学基金支持下，提出了低辛烷值汽油多段预混压燃（MPCI）的新燃烧模式。该模式能有效解决汽

油压燃中燃烧粗暴的问题，在较低EGR 条件下NOx 排放满足欧VI 要求，油耗和碳烟排放低于传统柴油燃烧。

Supported by the Key Project of National Nature Science Fund, the new combustion mode, Multiple Premixed

Compression Ignition (MPCI), has been proposed. The MPCI mode can effectively reduce the pressure rise

rate in the gasoline compression ignition and satisfy the NOx emission limit of EURO VI with the low EGR rate.

The fuel consumption and soot emissions in the MPCI mode are lower than that in the conventional diesel

combustion.

在国家863 计划和国际合作项目的支持下，对尿素选择性催化还原（Urea-SCR）尿素分解、低温沉积物、不

同类型SCR 催化剂反应特性、柴油机颗粒捕集器（DPF）主、被动再生特性等多项柴油机后处理技术进行了研究，

设计了避免SCR 沉积物生成的低温排气加热装置，开发了SCR 闭环控制策略，提出了基于颗粒物数量浓度变化

趋势的DPF 平衡温度测量方法。

Supported by the National 863 Project and the international cooperation project, the investigations into the

urealysis of Urea-SCR, the low temperature deposit, the characteristics of different SCR catalysts, the regeneration

characteristics of DPF have been made. The exhaust heating system is developed to avoid low temperature

deposit in SCR. The closed-loop SCR controlling strategy and the measurement method of DPF balance

temperature are proposed.

在973、863 和国际合作项目等支持下，开展内燃机及燃料电池涡轮增压的热流体基础研究。提出压气机流场匹

配扩稳新原理，发展了非对称机匣处理扩稳技术；揭示涡轮脉冲流场整流增效新机制，发展了涡轮动态设计方法。

技术和方法应用于GM 和IHI 等国际公司，拓展应用于通用航空领域。研究成果获2013 年国家科技进步二等奖、2013

年国防科技进步一等奖。

Research on Thermofluids of turbocharging for IC engine and fuel cells. Nonsymmetric casing treatment

technology to improve compressor stability, and dynamic design method to increase turbine efficiency have bee

n developed. The methodology and technology are used by GM and IHI International companies, and applied

in General Aviation Industry. Associated achievements won a National Science and Technology Progress

Award in 2013.

在973 和国防预研项目等支持下，开展动力涡轮复合、ORC 余热发电等发动机总能利用技术的热流体基础研究。

提出对转涡轮复合新技术，研制出我国首台车用涡轮复合柴油机原理样机；发展ORC循环总能优化方法，研制出

船用110kWORC 余热发电系统。

Research on Thermofluids of integrated energy utilization for IC engine and fuel cells. Counter-rotation

turbocompounding technology for IC engine and integrated energy optimization method for ORC waste heat

generating have been developed.

在国家“ 十一五”973 和“十二五”863 项目支持下，开展了基于缸压的柴油机燃烧闭环控制技术研究，实现了

循环间燃烧重心和放热量及循环内燃烧始点的闭环控制，研制出了我国第一个带有燃烧闭环控制功能的高压共轨柴

油机双核ECU 产品，及高性价比通用燃烧分析仪产品。

Supported by National 973 & 863 program, the close-loop control technology of diesel combustion based on

in-cylinder pressure sensor was studied, and the cycle to cycle control of CA50&IMEP as well as in-cycle control

of combustion start were achieved. As application, a dual-core ECU product and a general combustion analyzer

were developed.

将内燃机均质压燃控制技术和ISG 电机控制技术融合，研究了同时具备清洁燃烧和高效节能特性的混合发动机技

术，开发了产品样机；并将该技术用于汽油压燃，实现了比柴油机更高的热效率。

Combined ISG motor to HCCI combustion diesel engine, a hybrid engine concept was proposed and a

prototype engine was developed, showing excellent performance in clean combustion and high efficiency. The

application to a gasoline compressed ignition engine also showed higher efficiency than diesel.

汽车电子控制

Automotive Electronics

汽车动力系统控制涵盖了从小惯量发动机工作过程高频控制，到大惯量车辆行驶工况的低频控制，涉及油量控制、

转矩控制和能量管理三个层面的一系列核心关键问题。本室与骨干企业组成的合作研究团队对此进行了十多年系统

研究，构建了以内燃机燃烧过程闭环控制为基础，以热- 机-电协调控制为核心的车用动力系统控制新平台。部分技

术成果已开始产业化。

Vehicle powertrain control covers a wide range from high frequency problems such as engine process control,

to low frequency problems which as vehicle management. It contains three key issues: combustion control, torque

control and energy management. Cooperating with industrial partners, the state key lab has been working on this

topic for over 10 years, and has built up a new control platform based on close-loop combustion control for IC

engines and coordination control of thermodynamics, mechanics and electric systems. A part of the achievements

start to be commercialized.

转向操纵控制和电动助力转向系统（EPS）技术研究：提出了基于“目标车型固有路感”的EPS 助力特性设计方

法，解决了EPS 与整车匹配难题；突破了EPS 关键技术，实现了规模化应用。相关技术成果获2012 年北京市科学

技术一等奖、2014 年国家科技进步二等奖。

Research on Steering control and EPS technology: An assistant characteristic design method was proposed

based on inherent vehicle steering feel, and the matching problem was solved. Electric power steering systems

was developed and mass produced. The achievements won 1st Prize of Science and Technology of Beijing City

in 2012, and 2nd Prize of National Science and Technology Progress in 2014.

电驱动电制动系统动态负载模拟实验技术研究：解决了电驱动与电制动系统极端动态过程负载模拟的宽频、高

精度控制难题。

Research on experimental technology of dynamic load emulation for electric drive/braking system: Broadband

and high-precision control of load emulation in extreme dynamic process was realized.

混合动力系统多模式驱动动力学与平滑切换控制：实现了城市公交复杂工况条件下的驱动安全，综合节油

率30% 以上。

Multi-mode driving dynamics and smooth switching control of hybrid power system: Driving safety of urban

bus under complex driving conditions was realized, and the overall fuel saving rate achieved above 30%.

在国家863 项目，工信部重点基金以及发改委重大专项的支持下，开展车联网技术的研究。开发了车内网，提出

了全新的电子电器架构，技术应用于一汽、吉利以及福田多个项目；开发了车路协同技术，实现了车辆节能驾驶及

行车路径优化；发明了支持道路自增量的车载导航及Telematics 关键核心技术，开发了国内首款货车专用导航软件，