表3：大鼠和小鼠使用不同的镇静剂药物
（IP=intraperitoneal; SC=subcutaneous; PO=per os(by mouth); IV=intravenous）
药物 | 大鼠剂量（mg/kg） | 小鼠剂量（mg/kg） | 注解 |
Tranquilizers/sedatives | |||
Acepromazine | 2.5 IP | 2.0-5.0 IP; SC | Light sedation |
Diazepam | 2.5-5.0 IP | 5 IP | Light sedation |
Midazolam | 5.0 IP | 5.0 IP | Light sedation |
Xylazine | 1.0-5.0 IP | 5.0-10.0 IP | Light to heavy sedation; some analgesia |
anticholinergics | |||
Atropine | 0.05 IP; SC | 0.04 SC | Reduces secretions; protects heart from vagal inhibition |
Glycopyrrolate | 0.5 IM | Reduces secretions; protects heart from vagal inhibition | |
Analgesics | |||
Buprenorphine | 0.01-0.05 SC q8-12h | 0.01-0.05 SC q8-12h | For moderate to severe pain |
Butorphanol | 1.0-2.0 SC q2-4h | 1.0-2.0 SC q4h | For moderate to severe pain |
Ketoprophen | 5.0 SC or PO | ? | For moderate pain |
meloxicam | 1.0 SC or PO | ? | For moderate pain |
Injectable anesthetics | |||
Ketamine+xylazine | 75-100+10 IP | 80-100+10 IP | 20-30 minites surgical anesthesia |
Ketamine+medetonidine | 75+0.5 IP | 75+1.0 IP | 20-30 minites surgical anesthesia |
Ketamine+acepromazine | 75+2.5 IP | 100+5 IP | 20-30 minites surgical anesthesia |
Ketamine+diazepam | 75+5 IP | 100+5 IP | 20-30 minites surgical anesthesia |
Ketamine+midazolam | 75+5 IP | 100+5 IP | 20-30 minites surgical anesthesia |
Pentobarbital sodium | 45-50 IP | 50-90 IP | anesthesia |
propofol | 10 IV | 5 minites surgical anesthesia |
文献
所有的注射方法来源于AALAS Learning Library
图片
1. Gustafson J, et al. (2009). Journal of Controlled Release, 140(3), 256-261.
2. R.A. Bollinger. Dissertation: Evaluation of the Light Emission Kinetics in Luciferin/Luciferase-Based In Vivo Bioluminescence Imaging for Guidance in the Development of Small Animal Imaging Study Design.
3. Boston University, Animal Care Research Compliance.
4. Boston University, Animal Care Research Compliance.
5. LSSU-School of Biological Science-Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
6. Boston University, Animal Care Research Compliance.
7. LSSU-School of Biological Science-Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
表格
1. US National Institute of Health
2. Adapted from Harkness and Wagner’s “Biology and Medicine of Rabbits & Rodents.”
3. Saskatchewan Association of Veterinary Technologists(SAVT).
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