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This assay is used in university tissue culture laboratories, government research, and hospital, biomedical, and pharmaceutical laboratories to automate cell counting and sizing. This instrumentation provides very rapid, accurate, and precise results for any tissue culture facility. In addition, as noted, since the cell sizes to be analyzed by the instrument are set by the user, the analyses may be done on virtually any species of cells and cell type; it is not restricted to human cells or blood cells.
The electrical sensing zone methodology was introduced in the mid 1950s (9). Since this time, there have been substantial improvements which have enhanced the operatorrsquo;ease of use. Among these are the elimination of the mercury manometer, reduced size, greater automation, and availability of comprehensive statistical computer programs.
This instrumentation offers a rapid result as contrasted to the manual counting of cells using the standard counting chamber, hemocytometer. The counting chamber is known to have an error of 10 to 30 %, as well as being very time consuming (10). In addition, when counting and sizing porcine hepatocytes, Stegemann et al concluded that the automated, electrical sensing zone method provided significantly greater accuracy, precision, and speed, for both counts and size, compared to the conventional microscopic or the cell mass-based method (7).
1.1 This test method, provided the limitations are understood, covers a procedure for both the enumeration and measurement of size distribution of most all cell types. The instrumentation allows for user-selectable cell size settings, hence, this test method is not restricted to specific cell types. The method is appropriate for suspension as well as adherent cell cultures
1.2 Cells commonly used in tissue-engineered medical products
1.3 This instrumentation is manufactured by a variety of companies; however, the principle used in all is electrical impedance. This test method, for cell counting and sizing, is based on the detection and measurement of changes in electrical resistance produced by a cell, suspended in a conductive liquid, traversing through a small aperture (see
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