This guide provides information to assist in sizing the array and battery of a stand-alone photovoltaic
system. Systems considered in this guide consist of PV as the only power source and a battery for energy
storage. These systems also commonly employ controls to protect the battery from being over- or undercharged,
and may employ a power conversion subsystem (inverter or converter).
This guide is applicable to all stand-alone PV systems where PV is the only charging source. This guide
does not include PV hybrid systems nor grid-connected systems. This guide covers lead-acid batteries only;
nickel-cadmium and other battery types are not included. This guide does not include the sizing of the
system controller, inverter, wiring, or other system components.