Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test - Part 2: Verification of testing machines (ISO 148-2:2008); English version of DIN EN ISO 148-2:2009-09
This part of ISO 148 covers the verification of the constructional elements of pendulum-type impact testing
machines. It is applicable to machines with 2 mm or 8 mm strikers used for pendulum impact tests carried out,
for instance, in accordance with ISO 148-1.
It can analogously be applied to pendulum impact testing machines of various capacities and of different
design.
Impact machines used for industrial, general or research laboratory testing of metallic materials in accordance
with this part of ISO 148 are referred to as industrial machines. Those with more stringent requirements are
referred to as reference machines. Specifications for the verification of reference machines are found in
ISO 148-3.
This part of ISO 148 describes two methods of verification.
a) The direct method, which is static in nature, involves measurement of the critical parts of the machine to
ensure that it meets the requirements of this part of ISO 148. Instruments used for the verification and
calibration are traceable to national standards. Direct methods are used when a machine is being
installed or repaired, or if the indirect method gives a non-conforming result.
b) The indirect method, which is dynamic in nature, uses reference test pieces to verify points on the
measuring scale.
A pendulum impact testing machine is not in compliance with this part of ISO 148 until it has been verified by
both the direct and indirect methods and meets the requirements of Clauses 6 and 7.
The requirements for the reference test pieces are found in ISO 148-3.
This part of ISO 148 takes into account the total energy absorbed in fracturing the test piece using an indirect
method. This total absorbed energy consists of
-- the energy needed to break the test piece itself, and
-- the internal energy losses of the pendulum impact testing machine performing the first half-cycle swing
from the initial position.
NOTE Internal energy losses are due to
-- air resistance, friction of the bearings of the rotation axis and of the indicating pointer of the pendulum which can
be determined by the direct method (see 6.4.5), and
-- shock of the foundation, vibration of the frame and pendulum for which no suitable measuring methods and
apparatus have been developed.