27.040 燃气轮机和蒸汽轮机、蒸汽机 标准查询与下载

GSO IEC TR 63388:2023 热电联产发展报告

IEC TR 63388:2021 introduces the widely used technical scheme of cogeneration (also known as combined heat and power (CHP)), and gives the corresponding cases. The technical schemes of cogeneration covered in this technical report can be divided into two categories. One is cogeneration based on steam turbine, which is generally applied in thermal power plants; The other is cogeneration based on other prime movers, such as fuel cell, micro gas turbine, internal combustion engine, Stirling engine, ORC, etc. This document gives some cases of cogeneration, mainly including: • CHP based on extraction turbine; • CHP based on back pressure turbine; • Low-vacuum heating mode; • LP cylinder steam bypassed heating mode; • CHP based on steam turbine with synchro-self-shift clutches; • Gas-steam combined cycle CHP; • Micro gas turbine CHP; • Stirling engine CHP; • Fuel cell CHP; and • ORC CHP. The characteristics, components and technical requirements of these technical schemes are introduced in this document. By collecting existing standards of CHP, this document also identifies the gaps of CHP standardization and put forward a roadmap for future CHP standards. This document is prepared based on limited expert resources. Thus, some cogeneration cases could not be covered in this document, such as: • Solar cogeneration; and • Internal combustion engine cogeneration.

Report on the development of cogeneration

GSO IEC 60953-3:2023 汽轮机热力验收试验规则 第3部分：改装汽轮机热性能验证试验

IEC 60953-3:2022 This part establishes a Supplementary Standard for thermal verification tests of retrofitted steam turbines. The rules given in this document follow the guidance given in IEC 60953-0, but contain amendments and supplements regarding guarantees and verification of the guarantees by thermal acceptance tests on retrofitted steam turbines. General principles for the preparation, performance, evaluation, comparison with guaranteed values and the determination of the measurement uncertainties of verification tests are given in this document. This document is applicable only when the retrofit involves some hardware change in the steam turbine equipment. Conversely, any modification on the cycle or any retrofit of other equipment of the power plant (e.g. boiler, feedwater heaters, etc.) is not covered by this document.

Rules for steam turbine thermal acceptance tests - Part 3: Thermal performance verification tests of retrofitted steam turbines

GSO IEC 60953-0:2023 汽轮机热验收试验规则 第0部分：各种类型和尺寸汽轮机的广泛精度

IEC 60953-0:2022 constitutes a technical revision.This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) IEC 60953-2:1990 has been used as the basis to develop IEC 60953-0; b) Outdated measuring techniques have been updated and the corresponding reduction of the expected test result measuring uncertainty indicated; c) Guarantee of power output at specified steam flow has been included; d) A proposal for assignment of unaccounted for leakages has been included; e) Correction methods and guarantee comparisons are updated; f) Various appendices deleted: - Appendix B (flow nozzle) - Appendix E (generalized correction curves) - Appendix G (power measurement uncertainty) g) Annex added: - Annex E (Temperature variation method) taken over from IEC 60953-3:2002,Annex L The rules given in this document are applicable to thermal acceptance tests covering a wide range of accuracy on steam turbines of every type, rating and application. Only the relevant portion of these rules will apply to any individual case. The rules provide for the testing of turbines, whether operating with either superheated or saturated steam. They include measurements and procedures required to determine specific enthalpy within the moisture region and describe precautions necessary to permit testing while respecting radiological safety rules in nuclear plants. Uniform rules for the preparation, carrying out, evaluation, comparison with guarantee and calculation of measuring uncertainty of acceptance tests are defined in this standard. Details of the conditions under which the acceptance test can take place are included. Should any complex or special case arise which is not covered by these rules, appropriate agreement is to be reached by manufacturer and purchaser before the contract is signed. This first edition cancels and replaces IEC 60953-2, published in 1990.

Rules for steam turbine thermal acceptance tests - Part 0: Wide range of accuracy for various types and sizes of turbines

DB15/T 3099-2023 公用燃气管道检验规范

Specifications for inspection of public gas pipelines

23/30430972 DC BS ISO 3977-9 燃气轮机 采购 第 9 部分：可靠性、可用性、可维护性

BS ISO 3977-9. Gas turbines. Procurement - Part 9. Reliability, availability, maintainability

T/ZPP 005-2023 ZG15Cr2Mo1材料汽轮机用铸钢件

本文件规定了ZG15Cr2Mo1材料汽轮机用铸钢件的术语和定义、技术要求、检验规则、标记和合格 证明书。 本文件适用于ZG15Cr2Mo1材料汽轮机用铸钢件的订货、制造和检验。

ZG15Cr2Mo1 material steam turbine steel castings

BS ISO 3977-2:2023 燃气轮机 采购 标准参考条件和额定值

1   Scope This document specifies the standard reference conditions and ISO standard ratings for gas turbines.

Gas turbines. Procurement. Standard reference conditions and ratings

ISO 3977-2:2023 燃气轮机.采购.第2部分:额定基准条件和特性

This document specifies the standard reference conditions and ISO standard ratings for gas turbines.

Gas turbines — Procurement — Part 2: Standard reference conditions and ratings

KS B IEC 60953-1:2022 汽轮机热验收试验规则第1部分:方法A:大型冷凝式汽轮机的高精度

Rules for steam turbine thermal acceptance tests Part 1: Method A — High accuracy for large condensing steam turbines

KS B IEC 60953-1-2022 汽轮机热验收试验规则第1部分:方法A:大型冷凝式汽轮机的高精度

Rules for steam turbine thermal acceptance tests Part 1: Method A — High accuracy for large condensing steam turbines

T/CEEMA 008-2022 燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电厂金属技术监督导则

本文件规定了燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电厂金属技术监督的的原则、内容和要求。

The technical supervision guidelines for metal in gas-steam combined cycle power plants

T/CEEMA 007-2022 燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电厂技术监督导则

1、燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电厂技术监督工作贯彻“安全第一、预防为主”的方针,按照依法监督、分级管理的原则，对发电设备从设计审查、招标采购、设备选型及制造、安装调试及验收、运行、检修维护、技术改造和停备用的所有环节实施全过程技术监督和闭环管理。 2、燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电厂技术监督以安全和质量为中心，依据有关标准、规程，采用有效的测试和管理手段，对发电设备的健康水平及与安全、质量、经济、环保运行有关的重要参数、性能、指标进行检测与控制，以确保其安全、优质、经济、环保运行。 3、燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电厂技术监督主要针对发电设备、设施及系统，开展燃气轮机、余热锅炉、汽轮机、电能质量、绝缘、电测、继电保护及安全自动装置、励磁、金属、化学、热工、节能、环保和供热（供热企等专项技术监督，主要监督内容应符合DL/T 1051的规定。 4、燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电厂应建立技术监督组织机构，明确各级监督职责。 5、燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电厂根据本标准和自身实际，制定企业的专项技术监督管理制度和实施细则，并保持有效实施且持续改进。

Guidelines for technical supervision of gas steam combined cycle power plants

ASTM D3483-14(2022) 蒸汽发生器管中累积沉积物的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the weight per unit area of waterside deposits on heat-transfer surfaces of steam generator tubes. The following test methods are included: Sections Test Method A—Mechanical removal by scraper or vibrating tool-removed deposit weight method 7 to 16 Test Method B—Chemical removal by solventtube weight loss method 17 to 27 Test Method C—Mechanical removal by glassbead blasting-tube weight loss method 28 to 37 1.2 Test Method A is a procedure generally applicable to deposits ranging from 1 to 100 g/ft2 . The precision was determined in the collaborative study over the range of 16 to 76 g ⁄ft2 . This procedure allows the discretionary selection of the area on the tube to be sampled. The removed deposit allows for further chemical analysis. 1.3 Test Method B is a procedure generally applicable to deposits ranging from 1 to 100 g/ft2 . The precision was determined in a collaborative study over the range of 28 to 73 g ⁄ft2 . The procedure averages out the heavier and lighter deposited areas. The solvent solution produced allows for further chemical analysis. 1.4 Test Method C is a procedure generally applicable to deposits ranging from 1 to 100 g/ft2 . The precision was determined in a collaborative study over the range of 17 to 88 g ⁄ft2 . The procedure averages out the heavier and lighter deposited areas. The removed deposit does not allow for further chemical analysis. 1.5 These test methods have been generally evaluated on the types of waterside deposits generally found on heat-transfer surfaces of steam generator tubes. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of these test methods for other types of deposits or high temperature scale. 1.6 These methods are sometimes used for accumulated deposition in rifled steam generator tubes. Experience has shown that there is a significant difference in the deposition in the grooves and on the lands on some rifled steam generator tubes. The grooves have been shown to hold more deposit. Test Method B and Test Method C will average out this difference. In Method A the choice exists, either to choose to remove the deposition from the groove if it is visually determined to be more heavily deposited, or to remove equally over the grooves and lands. It is important that it be understood what choices were made and that the report reflect the choices made when using Test Method A on rifled steam generator tubes. 1.7 There are some steam generator tubes where it is apparent that half of the tube is exposed to the flame from the external appearance, this side is typically called the fireside or hot side. The other half of the tube is not exposed to the flame from the external appearance is typically called the casing side or cold side. These test methods also require that the tube be split in half, so the tube is generally split along these lines. On these tubes it is generally found that more internal deposition exists on the fireside or hot side. Some users of these methods will determine the deposition only on side where it appears visually that more deposition exists. Some users will determine the deposition on both sides and report the results separately and some will average the two results. It is important that the user of the data be aware of the choices made and that the report of the results be specific. 1.8 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling Water and Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use, On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water. Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published December 2022. Originally approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D3483 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/D3483-14R22. Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 2. Referenced Documents

Standard Test Methods for Accumulated Deposition in a Steam Generator Tube

BS EN IEC 60953-0:2022 蒸汽轮机热验收测试规则 各种类型和尺寸的涡轮机的广泛精度

1   Scope 1.1   General The rules given in this document are applicable to thermal acceptance tests covering a wide range of accuracy on steam turbines of every type, rating and application. Only the relevant portion of these rules will apply to any individual case. The rules provide for the testing of turbines, whether operating with either superheated or saturated steam. They include measurements and procedures required to determine specific enthalpy within the moisture region and describe precautions necessary to permit testing while respecting radiological safety rules in nuclear plants. Uniform rules for the preparation, carrying out, evaluation, comparison with guarantee and calculation of measuring uncertainty of acceptance tests are defined in this standard. Details of the conditions under which the acceptance test can take place are included. Should any complex or special case arise which is not covered by these rules, appropriate agreement is to be reached by manufacturer and purchaser before the contract is signed.

Rules for steam turbine thermal acceptance tests - Wide range of accuracy for various types and sizes of turbines

BS EN ISO 21789:2022 燃气轮机应用 安全

1   Scope This document covers the safety requirements for aero derivative and industrial gas turbine prime mover applications using liquid or gaseous fuels and the safety related control and detection systems and essential auxiliaries for all types of open cycles (simple, combined, regenerative, reheat, etc.) used in onshore and offshore applications including floating production platforms. This document applies to mechanical, electrical, and pressure equipment components and systems necessary for the functionality of the prime mover . For example, but not limited to, a core gas turbine auxiliary gearbox, an output transmission gear box, combustion system, air filtration, gas turbine controls, oil systems, and fuel system. This document also covers integration of safety risks within the overall installation, e.g. exhaust purging or drainage. This document details the anticipated significant hazards associated with aero derivative and industrial gas turbine prime movers and specifies the appropriate preventative measures and processes for reduction or elimination of these hazards. This document addresses the risks of injury or death to humans and risks to the environment. Equipment damage without risk to humans or the environment is not covered. The overall objective of this document is to ensure that equipment is designed, constructed, operated and maintained throughout its life in accordance with ISO 12100:2010. This document approaches gas turbine safety from an international perspective based on the content of existing, recognized ISO and IEC standards to the gr...

Gas turbine applications — Safety

BS EN IEC 60953-3:2022 汽轮机热验收试验规则 改装汽轮机热性能验证试验

1   Scope 1.1   General This part of IEC 60953 establishes a Supplementary Standard for thermal verification tests of retrofitted steam turbines. The rules given in this document follow the guidance given in IEC 60953‑0, but contain amendments and supplements regarding guarantees and verification of the guarantees by thermal acceptance tests on retrofitted steam turbines. General principles for the preparation, performance, evaluation, comparison with guaranteed values and the determination of the measurement uncertainties of verification tests are given in this document. This document is applicable only when the retrofit involves some hardware change in the steam turbine equipment. Conversely, any modification on the cycle or any retrofit of other equipment of the power plant (e.g. boiler, feedwater heaters, etc.) is not covered by this document.

Rules for steam turbine thermal acceptance tests - Thermal performance verification tests of retrofitted steam turbines

T/CASME 68-2022 汽轮机水冷双流程凝汽器

本文件规定了汽轮机水冷双流程凝汽器的术语定义、结构要求、技术要求、试验方法、检验规则、标志、包装、运输及贮存、供货和资料。

Water cooled double process condenser of steam turbine

JB/T 9637-2022 汽轮机 总装技术规范

Technical specifications for steam turbine assembly

EN 12952-8:2022 水管锅炉及附属设备.第8部分:锅炉液体和气体燃料的燃烧系统要求

1.1 Firing systems This document specifies requirements for liquid and gaseous fuel firing systems of steam boilers and hot water generators as defined in EN 12952-1:2015. These requirements also apply to firing systems of chemical recovery boilers (black liquor boilers) with the additions and amendments specified in Annex A. These requirements also apply to gas turbines in combination with fired/unfired heat recovery steam generators with the additions and amendments specified in Annex B. NOTE 1 This document is not applicable to coil type boilers (flash boilers/small boilers) that use burners in accordance with EN 12953-7 for single burner installations. NOTE 2 This document is not applicable to the storage of liquid fuels and to transfer stations of long-distance gas pipelines. 1.2 Fuels This document specifies requirements which cover the use of liquid and gaseous fuels as defined in this document. Fuels deviating from standardized commercially available types can require additional or alternative safety measures. For black liquor these safety measures are given in Annex A.

Water-tube boilers and auxiliary installations - Part 8: Requirements for firing systems for liquid and gaseous fuels for the boiler

EN ISO 21789:2022 燃气轮机应用.安全

This document covers the safety requirements for aero derivative and industrial gas turbine prime mover applications using liquid or gaseous fuels and the safety related control and detection systems and essential auxiliaries for all types of open cycles (simple, combined, regenerative, reheat, etc.) used in onshore and offshore applications including floating production platforms. This document applies to mechanical, electrical, and pressure equipment components and systems necessary for the functionality of the prime mover. For example, but not limited to, a core gas turbine auxiliary gearbox, an output transmission gear box, combustion system, air filtration, gas turbine controls, oil systems, and fuel system. This document also covers integration of safety risks within the overall installation, e.g. exhaust purging or drainage. This document details the anticipated significant hazards associated with aero derivative and industrial gas turbine prime movers and specifies the appropriate preventative measures and processes for reduction or elimination of these hazards. This document addresses the risks of injury or death to humans and risks to the environment. Equipment damage without risk to humans or the environment is not covered. The overall objective of this document is to ensure that equipment is designed, constructed, operated and maintained throughout its life in accordance with ISO 12100:2010. This document approaches gas turbine safety from an international perspective based on the content of existing, recognized ISO and IEC standards to the greatest extent possible. Where no ISO or IEC standard exists, other codes or standards (such as EN, NFPA, etc.) have been included. Minimum functional safety levels cannot be addressed in this document, as minimum functional safety levels are both application and site specific. This document excludes the following items; — exhaust-system structural design; — driven equipment; — micro turbines as covered by ISO 19372:2015; — gas turbines used primarily for direct and indirect propulsion; — gas turbines used for mobile applications; — special heat source applications; — gas turbines in research and development programs; — compressed-air energy storage plants. Where appropriate, this document can be used to give general guidance in such applications. This document is not applicable to machinery or safety components manufactured before the date of its publication.

Gas turbine applications - Safety (ISO 21789:2022)