37.100.10 (Reproduction equipment) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D6687-04 检测印刷油墨载体及其成分的标准指南

1.1 This guide covers a list of test methods, practices, guides, and specifications that can be used for the testing and evaluation of printing ink vehicles and components thereof (see Table 1).1.2 This guide includes methods that were developed to test impact and non-impact inks and vehicles associated with letterpress, lithography, flexography and gravure. Tests on raw materials and analytical tests in general have been included.1.3 Other ASTM standards not specified here may also be applicable.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

Standard Guide for Testing Printing Ink Vehicles and Components Thereof

ASTM D5181-04 用GA-CAT综合磨损试验机测定印刷物耐磨损的标准试验方法

Abrasion resistance during transport and storage is essential to prevent marring of type matter, designs, or protective coatings on the exterior of labels and other printed materials. Recognizing that the actual amount of abrasion occurring in the field depends on relative humidity, temperature, tightness of packing, and a host of other variables, this test method provides a rapid means for comparing the abrasion resistance of test surfaces under laboratory conditions. It is useful for specification acceptance between the supplier and the customer. This test method can also be used to evaluate the relative abrasion resistance of printed inks, varnishes, laminates and substrates, and the abrasiveness of inks.1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the abrasion resistance of printed matter using a GA-CAT Comprehensive Abrasion Tester.1.2 This test method is applicable to packaging labels, book, catalog, and magazine covers, bar codes, corrugated boxes, and other containers having applied graphics on any flat substrate. It is not recommended for powder coatings.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Printed Matter by the GA-CAT Comprehensive Abrasion Tester

ASTM F2452-04 利用机械应力测定印刷媒体粘着性的标准规程:两种不同的试验方法.划痕/胶带法和断面线法

1.1 This practice describes procedures to obtain subjective, but comparative data for adhesion of print media used in printers, copies and other reprographic devices.1.2 This method is applicable to constructions where the print media is subject to failure under mechanical stress from mostly peel conditions (that is, paper, film, cloth, and so forth).This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Determining the Adhesion of Print Media Utilizing Mechanical Stress: Two Different Test Methods-Score/Tape and Cross Hatch

ASTM F2452-04(2012) 使用机械应力测定印刷介质附着力的标准实施规程: 两种不同试验方法; 划痕/条, 双向影线, X切割和折痕-折边

1.1 This practice describes procedures to obtain subjective, but comparative data for adhesion of print media used in printers, copies and other reprographic devices. 1.2 This method is applicable to constructions where the print media is subject to failure under mechanical stress from mostly peel conditions (that is, paper, film, cloth, and so forth). 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Determining the Adhesion of Print Media Utilizing Mechanical Stress: Two Different Test Methodsmdash;Score/Tape and Cross Hatch

ASTM F335-03(2009) 与静电复印相关的标准术语

1.1 This set of definitions is intended for use by all parties who use, sell, manufacture, test, or develop printer or copier machines so that they will have a common basis for communications.

Standard Terminology Relating to Electrostatic Copying

ASTM D6687-02 打印墨水展色料和化合物试验的标准指南

1.1 This guide covers a list of test methods, practices, guides, and specifications that can be used for the testing and evaluation of printing ink vehicles and components thereof (see Table 1).1.2 This guide includes methods that were developed to test impact and non-impact inks and vehicles associated with letterpress, lithography, flexography and gravure. Tests on raw materials and analytical tests in general have been included.1.3 Other ASTM standards not specified here may also be applicable.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

Standard Guide for Testing Printing Ink Vehicles and Components Thereof

ASTM D6687-01 打印墨水展色料和化合物试验的标准指南

1.1 This guide covers a list of test methods, practices, guides, and specifications that can be used for the testing and evaluation of printing ink vehicles and components thereof (see Table 1).1.2 This guide includes methods that were developed to test impact and non-impact inks and vehicles associated with letterpress, lithography, flexography and gravure. Tests on raw materials and analytical tests in general have been included.1.3 Other ASTM standards not specified here may also be applicable.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

Standard Guide for Testing Printing Ink Vehicles and Components Thereof

ASTM F1444-00 测定直热式纸标签打印机方法的动态热量反应标准测试方法

1.1 This test method covers the thermal response of direct thermal papers to determine uniformity within and between lots. This test method may also be used to test direct thermal products other than paper. 1.2 The Hobart 18VP Thermal Label Printer described in this test method may be used for specification acceptance, product development or research applications, or both, and manufacturing control. 1.3 Although a specific manufacturer has been identified for this equipment, any thermal label printer with equivalent signal output capabilities and sample size requirements would be suitable. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses, are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note-Warning-This test method requires making power adjustments and trigger printing while the protective cover is off, thereby exposing the user to electrical hazards.

Standard Test Method for Determining Dynamic Thermal Response of Direct Thermal Paper-Label Printer Method

ASTM D3458-00 永久记录用办公复印机复制品的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers copies from office copying machines where the copied material is expected to have maximum, or substantial life expectancy. 1.2 The specification is divided into two parts, paper and imaged copy. The parts appear as follows: Part 1-Paper, Sections 4-16 Part 2-Imaged Copy, Sections 17-22 1.3 Part 1 describes the procurement process for obtaining paper that will have the proper life expectancy for the intended purpose. 1.4 Part 2 describes a procedure for estimating the durability of the image on copy from an office copying machine.

Standard Specification for Copies from Office Copying Machines for Permanent Records

ASTM D5264-98 用苏瑟兰德摩擦试验机对印刷材料抗磨性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the abrasion resistance of printed materials using the Sutherland Rub Tester, or its equivalent, equipped with full-width rubber pads and using standardized receptors. 1.2 This test method is applicable to labels, folding cartons, corrugated boxes, inserts, circulars, and other packaging materials having applied graphics on a flat substrate. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Printed Materials by the Sutherland Rub Tester

ASTM F1434-97(2013) 静电复印机和打印机中保险丝油性能评定的标准实施规程

5.1 This practice can be used to evaluate the performance of different fuser oils in a specific model copier or printer. 5.2 This practice can be used to evaluate a subject fuser oil in comparison to an acceptable control fuser oil. 5.3 This practice can be used to estimate the consumption of a specific fuser oil in a copier or printer. 5.4 This practice can be used with recirculating systems to monitor the change in volatile matter content as the test progresses. An excessive increase in volatile matter content can indicate breakdown of the fuser oil due to the combined effect of the heat of the fuser unit and the catalytic action of contaminants introduced by toner, paper, and other materials encountered in the machine. The production of excessive amounts of volatile materials may damage delicate electrical components within some copying machines. 5.5 This practice can be used with recirculating systems to monitor the change in viscosity as the test progresses. An excessive increase in the viscosity of a fuser oil can indicate that it is beginning to form a gel due to the effect of oxygen, contaminants, and high temperatures encountered in the machine. 5.6 This practice can be used with recirculating systems to monitor the change in surface tension as the test progresses. An increase in surface tension indicates loss of the release properties of the fuser oil and may lead to print offsetting and other adverse effects. 5.7 This practice can be used to evaluate the rate of fuser oil-related buildup on the fuser roll. A rubbery material that consists of gelled fuser oil, paper dust, toner, and other contaminants may build up on the fuser roll as the fuser oil degrades. Inspection of the fuser roll at specific intervals provides a qualitative evaluation of this effect. 5.8 This practice can be used to determine changes in measured print quality, odor emission, paper jam rate, paper wrap rate, paper crinkle rate, and fuser roller life during the test. 5.9 This practice is a single estimate subject to a significant number of variables that are not measured easily. Consequently, a repeated number of tests on more than one machine will yield more reliable conclusions. 5.10 This practice may be used with recirculating systems to establish limits for acceptable change in physical properties based on data correlations. Such limits may provide more efficient evaluation of sample fuser oils and prevent damage to the copying machine by avoiding the need to test to failure. 1.1 This practice covers a procedure for estimating the performance of fuser oil in an electrostatic copier or printer. 1.2 This practice describes a procedure for determining fuser oil-related changes in the print quality measured during testing at specific intervals. 1.3 Properties evaluated for all systems include odor emission, paper jam rate, paper wrap rate, paper crinkle rate, and fuser roller life.

Standard Practice for Estimating the Performance of a Fuser Oil in an Electrostatic Copier or Printer

ASTM F1434-97(2002) 静电复印机和打印机中保险丝油性能评定

1.1 This practice covers a procedure for estimating the performance of fuser oil in an electrostatic copier or printer. 1.2 This practice describes a procedure for determining fuser oil-related changes in the print quality measured during testing at specific intervals. 1.3 Properties evaluated for all systems include odor emission, paper jam rate, paper wrap rate, paper crinkle rate, and fuser roller life. 1.4 Properties evaluated for recirculating systems include changes in viscosity, volatile matter content, and surface tension. 1.5 This practice describes a procedure for comparing the performance of a subject fuser oil with that of a control fuser oil. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific precautionary statement, see 8.3.1.

Standard Practice for Estimating the Performance of a Fuser Oil in an Electrostatic Copier or Printer

ASTM F995-97(2001) 应用两种成分干影剂评价复印机调色剂的试验方法

1.1 This practice describes a procedure for estimating the number of copies that can be produced for a given unit of toner in a copier using dry two-component developer. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 9 for specific precautionary statements.

Standard Practice for Estimating Toner Usage in Copiers Utilizing Dry Two-Component Developer

ASTM F995-97(2001)e1 应用两种成分干影剂评价复印机调色剂的试验方法

1.1 This practice describes a procedure for estimating the number of copies that can be produced for a given unit of toner in a copier using dry two-component developer.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section for specific precautionary statements.

Standard Practice for Estimating Toner Usage in Copiers Utilizing Dry Two-Component Developer

ASTM F1434-97(2008) 静电复印机和打印机中保险丝油性能评定的标准实施规程

This practice can be used to evaluate the performance of different fuser oils in a specific model copier or printer. This practice can be used to evaluate a subject fuser oil in comparison to an acceptable control fuser oil. This practice can be used to estimate the consumption of a specific fuser oil in a copier or printer. This practice can be used with recirculating systems to monitor the change in volatile matter content as the test progresses. An excessive increase in volatile matter content can indicate breakdown of the fuser oil due to the combined effect of the heat of the fuser unit and the catalytic action of contaminants introduced by toner, paper, and other materials encountered in the machine. The production of excessive amounts of volatile materials may damage delicate electrical components within some copying machines. This practice can be used with recirculating systems to monitor the change in viscosity as the test progresses. An excessive increase in the viscosity of a fuser oil can indicate that it is beginning to form a gel due to the effect of oxygen, contaminants, and high temperatures encountered in the machine. This practice can be used with recirculating systems to monitor the change in surface tension as the test progresses. An increase in surface tension indicates loss of the release properties of the fuser oil and may lead to print offsetting and other adverse effects. This practice can be used to evaluate the rate of fuser oil-related buildup on the fuser roll. A rubbery material that consists of gelled fuser oil, paper dust, toner, and other contaminants may build up on the fuser roll as the fuser oil degrades. Inspection of the fuser roll at specific intervals provides a qualitative evaluation of this effect. This practice can be used to determine changes in measured print quality, odor emission, paper jam rate, paper wrap rate, paper crinkle rate, and fuser roller life during the test. This practice is a single estimate subject to a significant number of variables that are not measured easily. Consequently, a repeated number of tests on more than one machine will yield more reliable conclusions. This practice may be used with recirculating systems to establish limits for acceptable change in physical properties based on data correlations. Such limits may provide more efficient evaluation of sample fuser oils and prevent damage to the copying machine by avoiding the need to test to failure.1.1 This practice covers a procedure for estimating the performance of fuser oil in an electrostatic copier or printer. 1.2 This practice describes a procedure for determining fuser oil-related changes in the print quality measured during testing at specific intervals. 1.3 Properties evaluated for all systems include odor emission, paper jam rate, paper wrap rate, paper crinkle rate, and fuser roller life. 1.4 Properties evaluated for recirculating systems include changes in viscosity, volatile matter content, and surface tension. 1.5 This practice describes a procedure for comparing the performance of a subject fuser oil with that of a control fuser oil. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific precautionary statement, see 8.3.1.

Standard Practice for Estimating the Performance of a Fuser Oil in an Electrostatic Copier or Printer

ASTM F974-96(2001) 黑白静电复印机的上色度的测试方法

1.1 This practice covers the determination of the color response of an electrostatic copy system, black and white output.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Determination of the Color Response of an Electrostatic Copying System, Black and White Output

ASTM F685-96(2011) 测定在使用单一成分调色剂系统的非加热固定复印机中调色剂的使用率效率及撒粉度的标准操作规程

Many dry electrostatic developers consist of toners and carriers and only the toner portion of which forms the visible image on the copy. Single-component toner (or developer) does not contain a carrier, and in theory, when properly used, is consumed at a rate proportional to the image area and density. As with all dry developers, single-component toners (or developers) are not 100 % efficient. Some toner is lost to the surroundings (inside or outside of the copiers). This loss is also dependent on copier adjustments and may be significant enough to affect the total number of copies capable of being produced by a specific amount of toner.1.1 This practice covers the determination of toner usage, efficiency of toner deposition on an imaged copy, and dusting in those nonheat fixing copiers utilizing a single-component toner. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 8 and 10.19.2 for specific precautions and warnings.

Standard Practice for Determining Toner Usage, Efficiency, and Dusting Nonheat Fixing Copiers Using Single-Component Toner Systems

ASTM F685-96(2006) 测定在使用单一成分调色剂系统的非加热固定复印机中调色剂的使用率、效率及撒粉度

Many dry electrostatic developers consist of toners and carriers and only the toner portion of which forms the visible image on the copy. Single-component toner (or developer) does not contain a carrier, and in theory, when properly used, is consumed at a rate proportional to the image area and density. As with all dry developers, single-component toners (or developers) are not 100 % efficient. Some toner is lost to the surroundings (inside or outside of the copiers). This loss is also dependent on copier adjustments and may be significant enough to affect the total number of copies capable of being produced by a specific amount of toner.1.1 This practice covers the determination of toner usage, efficiency of toner deposition on an imaged copy, and dusting in those nonheat fixing copiers utilizing a single-component toner.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 8 and 10.19.2 for specific precautions and warnings.

Standard Practice for Determining Toner Usage, Efficiency, and Dusting Nonheat Fixing Copiers Using Single-Component Toner Systems

ASTM F1351-96(2013) 测定硬皱纹纸对商用影象系统影象产品的影响的标准实施规程

5.1 As a comparative test, this practice can be used to determine the damage caused by creasing paper, that is, damage to paper, coatings or images affixed to the paper and the loss of image quality and legibility that can result from creasing. 1.1 This practice describes a procedure for hard creasing paper in a uniform and reproducible manner. 1.2 The crease is positioned across the image and the amount of image degradion is determined. 1.3 The effect of creasing on the paper surface can also be determined. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Determination of the Effect of Hard Creasing Paper on Images Produced by Business Imaging Systems

ASTM F1351-96(2002) 测定硬皱纹纸对商用影象系统影象产品的影响

As a comparative test, this practice can be used to determine the damage caused by creasing paper, that is, damage to paper, coatings or images affixed to the paper and the loss of image quality and legibility that can result from creasing.1.1 This practice describes a procedure for hard creasing paper in a uniform and reproducible manner.1.2 The crease is positioned across the image and the amount of image degradion is determined.1.3 The effect of creasing on the paper surface can also be determined.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Determination of the Effect of Hard Creasing Paper on Images Produced by Business Imaging Systems