75.100 (Lubricants, industrial oils and related pr 标准查询与下载

ASTM D4950-13 汽车保养润滑脂的标准分类和规范

1.1 This specification covers lubricating greases suitable for the periodic relubrication of chassis systems and wheel bearings of passenger cars, trucks, and other vehicles. 1.2 This specification defines the requirements used to describe the properties and performance characteristics of chassis greases and wheel bearing greases for service-fill applications. 1.3 The test requirements (acceptance limits) given in this specification are, as the case may be, minimum or maximum acceptable values for valid duplicate test results. Apply no additional corrections for test precision, such as described in Practice D3244, inasmuch as the precision of the test methods was taken into account in the determination of the requirements. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4.1 Exception—Test Method D2596 reports test results in kgf units. Until that standard is revised, Classification and Specification D4950 will show kgf units in parentheses after the SI units for information only.

Standard Classification and Specification for Automotive Service Greases

ASTM D6593-13a 评估防止使用汽油燃料且在加低温, 轻载条件下工作的火花点火内燃机内沉积物形成的汽车发动机油的标准试验方法

5.1 This test method is used to evaluate an automotive engine oil's control of engine deposits under operating conditions deliberately selected to accelerate deposit formation. This test method was correlated with field service data, determined from side-by-side comparisons of two or more oils in police, taxi fleets, and delivery van services. The same field service oils were then used in developing the operating conditions of this test procedure. 5.2 This test method, along with other test methods, defines the minimum performance level of the API Category SL (detailed information about this category is included in Specification D4485). This test method is also incorporated in automobile manufacturers' factory-fill specifications. 5.3 The basic engine used in this test method is representative of many that are in modern automobiles. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions, should be considered when interpreting test results. 1.1 This test method covers and is commonly referred to as the Sequence VG test,2 and it has been correlated with vehicles used in stop-and-go service prior to 1996, particularly with regard to sludge and varnish formation.3 It is one of the test methods required to evaluate oils intended to satisfy the API SL performance category. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing size, or specified single source equipment. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in 7.7, 7.10.2.2, 8.3.4.2, 8.4.4.3, 9.2.6, 9.3.4.5, 12.1.1.7, 12.2.1.4, and Annex A1. 1.4 A Table of Contents follows:   Section

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation in a Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions

ASTM D892-13 润滑油起泡性能的标准试验方法

5.1 The tendency of oils to foam can be a serious problem in systems such as high-speed gearing, high-volume pumping, and splash lubrication. Inadequate lubrication, cavitation, and overflow loss of lubricant can lead to mechanical failure. This test method is used in the evaluation of oils for such operating conditions. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the foaming characteristics of lubricating oils at 24°C and 93.5°C. Means of empirically rating the foaming tendency and the stability of the foam are described. 1.2 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7, 8, and 9.1.1.

Standard Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils

ASTM D4858-13 测定润滑剂对二冲程循环汽油发动机预然倾向的标准试验方法

5.1 Two-stroke-cycle gasoline engines are generally more prone to preignition than are four-stroke-cycle engines due to the absence of the internal cooling that takes place during the induction stroke of the four-stroke-cycle engines. Preignition can lead to major piston damage, either directly due to localized overheating or as the result of preignition-induced detonation. Some lubricant additives that are widely used in four-stroke-cycle gasoline engine oils are known to increase the probability of preignition in gasoline two-stroke-cycle engines. This procedure is used to determine the tendency of an oil to induce preignition in both water-cooled and air-cooled two-stroke-cycle gasoline engines. 1.1 This test method2 evaluates the performance of lubricants intended for use in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines that are prone to preignition. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of the Tendency of Lubricants to Promote Preignition in Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engines

ASTM E2563-13 用平皿计数法计数含水金属加工液中非结核杆菌的标准实施规程

5.1 This practice allows for the recovery and enumeration of viable and culturable, non-tuberculosis, rapidly growing Mycobacteria (M.immunogenum, M.chelonae, M. absessus, M. fortuitum , and M.smegmatis) in the presence of high gram negative background populations in metalworking fluid field samples. During the past decade it has become increasingly apparent that non-tuberculous Mycobacteria are common members of the indigenous MWF bacterial population. This population is predominantly comprised of gram negative bacteria and fungi. Mycobacterial contamination of metalworking fluids has been putatively associated with hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) amongst metal grinding machinists. The detection and enumeration of these organisms will aid in better understanding of occupational health related problems and a better assessment of antimicrobial pesticide efficacy. 5.2 The measurement of viable and culturable mycobacterial densities combined with the total mycobacterial counts (including viable culturable (VC), viable-non culturable (VNC) and non viable (NV) counts) is usually the first step in establishing any possible relationship between Mycobacteria and occupational health concerns (for example, HP). 5.3 The practice can be employed in survey studies to characterize the viable-culturable mycobacterial population densities of metal working fluid field samples. 5.4 This practice is also applicable for establishing the mycobacterial resistance of metalworking fluid formulations by determining mycobacterium survival by means of plate count technique. 5.5 This practice can also be used to evaluate the relative efficacy of microbicides against Mycobacteria in metalworking fluids. 1.1 This practice covers the detection and enumeration of viable and culturable rapidly growing Mycobacteria (RGM), or non-tuberculosis Mycobacteria (NTM) in aqueous metalworking fluids (MWF) in the presence of high non-mycobacterial background population using standard microbiological culture methods. 1.2 The detection limit is one colony forming unit (CFU)/mL metalworking fluid. 1.3 This practice involves culture of organisms classified as Level 2 pathogens, and should be undertaken by a trained microbiologist in an appropriately equipped facility. The microbiologist should also be capable of distinguishing the diverse colonies of Mycobacteria from other microorganism colonies on a Petri dish and capable of confirming Mycobacteria by acid fast staining method 1.4 

Standard Practice for Enumeration of Non-Tuberculosis Mycobacteria in Aqueous Metalworking Fluids by Plate Count Method

ASTM D7216-13 测定汽车发动机油与典型密封弹性体兼容性的标准试验方法

5.1 Some engine oil formulations have been shown to lack compatibility with certain elastomers used for seals in automotive engines. These deleterious effects on the elastomer are greatest with new engine oils (that is, oils that have not been exposed to an engine’s operating environment) and when the exposure is at elevated temperatures. 5.2 This test method requires that non-reference oil(s) be tested in parallel with a reference oil, TMC 1006-1, known to be aggressive for some parameters under service conditions. This relative compatibility permits decisions on the anticipated or predicted performance of the non-reference oil in service. 5.3 Elastomer materials can show significant variation in physical properties, not only from batch-to-batch but also within a sheet and from sheet-to-sheet. Results obtained with the reference oil are submitted by the test laboratories to the TMC to allow it to update continually the total and within-laboratory standard deviation estimates. These estimates, therefore, incorporate effects of variations in the properties of the reference elastomers on the test variability. 5.4 This test method is suitable for specification compliance testing, quality control, referee testing, and research and development. 5.5 The reference elastomers, reference oil and the physical properties involved in this test method address the specific requirements of engine oils. Although other tests exist for compatibility of elastomers with liquids, these are considered too generalized for engine oils. 1.1 This test method covers quantitative procedures for the evaluation of the compatibility of automotive engine oils with several reference elastomers typical of those used in the sealing materials in contact with these oils. Compatibility is evaluated by determining the changes in volume, Durometer A hardness and tensile properties when the elastomer specimens are immersed in the oil for a specified time and temperature. 1.2 Effective sealing action requires that the physical properties of elastomers used for any seal have a high level of resistance to the liquid or oil in which they are immersed. When such a high level of resistance exists, the elastomer is said to be compatible with the liquid or oil.Note 1—The user of this test method should be proficient in the use of Test Methods D412 (tensile properties), D471 (effect of rubber immersion in liquids), D2240 (Durometer hardness), and D5662 (gear oil compatibility with typical oil seal elastomers), all of which are involved in the execution of the operations of this test method. 1.3 This test method provides a preliminary or first order evaluation of oil/elastomer compatibility onl......

Standard Test Method for Determining Automotive Engine Oil Compatibility with Typical Seal Elastomers

ASTM D7528-13 用ROBO仪器测量发动机油模拟氧化的标准试验方法

5.1 This bench test method is intended to produce comparable oil aging characteristics to those obtained with ASTM TMC Sequence IIIGA matrix reference oils 434, 435 and 438 after aging in the Sequence IIIG engine test. 5.2 To the extent that the method generates aged oils comparable to those from the Sequence IIIG engine test, the measured increases in kinematic and MRV viscosity indicate the tendency of an oil to thicken because of volatilization and oxidation, as in the Sequence IIIG and IIIGA (see Appendix X1 in Test Method D7320) engine tests, respectively. 5.3 This bench test procedure has potential use in specifications and classifications of engine lubricating oils, such as Specification D4485. 1.1 This test method describes a bench procedure to simulate the oil aging encountered in Test Method D7320, the Sequence IIIG engine test method. These aged oils are then tested for kinematic viscosity and for low-temperature pumpability properties as described in the Sequence IIIGA engine test, Appendix X1 of Test Method D7320. 1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.2.1 Exceptions—There are no SI equivalents for some apparatus in Section 6, and there are some figures where inch units are to be regarded as standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Sections 7 and 8. 1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:   Section Scope 1 Reference Documents 2

Standard Test Method for Bench Oxidation of Engine Oils by ROBO Apparatus

ASTM D4859-13 二冲程循环火花点火汽车发动机用润滑油的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers lubricants intended for use in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines, typically other than outboard motors, that are particularly prone to ring sticking, but which are also liable to suffer damage arising from deposit induced preignition, piston scuff, spark plug fouling and piston varnish. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

Standard Specification for Lubricants for Two-Stroke-Cycle Spark-Ignition Gasoline Engines-TC

ASTM D6750-13 评估高速单缸柴油发动机中发动机油的标准试验方法 - 1K程序 (0.4 %含硫燃料) 和1N程序 (0. 04 %含硫燃料)

5.1 These are accelerated engine oil tests (known as the 1K and 1N test procedures), performed in a standardized, calibrated, stationary single-cylinder diesel engine using either mass fraction 0.48201;% sulfur fuel (1K test) or mass fraction 0.048201;% sulfur fuel (1N test), that give a measure of (1) piston and ring groove deposit forming tendency, (2) piston, ring and liner scuffing and (3) oil consumption. 5.2 The 1K test was correlated with vehicles equipped with certain multi-cylinder direct injection engines used in heavy duty and high speed service prior to 1989, particularly with respect to aluminum piston deposits, and oil consumption, when fuel sulfur was nominally mass fraction 0.48201;%. These data are given in Research Report RR:D02-1273.9 5.3 The 1N test has been used to predict piston deposit formation in four-stroke cycle, direct injection, diesel engines that have been calibrated to meet 1994 U.S. federal exhaust emission requirements for heavy-duty engines operated on fuel containing less than mass fraction 0.058201;% sulfur. See Research Report RR:D02-1321.9 5.4 These test methods are used in the establishment of diesel engine oil specification requirements as cited in Specification D4485 for appropriate API Performance Category oils (API 1509). 5.5 These test methods are also used in diesel engine oil development. 1.1 These test methods cover the performance of engine oils intended for use in certain diesel engines. They are performed in a standardized high-speed, single-cylinder diesel engine by either the 1K (0.48201;% mass fuel sulfur) or 1N (0.048201;% mass fuel sulfur) procedure.3 The only difference in the two test methods is the fuel used. Piston and ring groove deposit-forming tendency and oil consumption are measured. Also, the piston, the rings, and the liner are examined for distress and the rings for mobility. These test methods are required to evaluate oils intended to satisfy API service categories CF-4 and CH-4 for 1K, and CG-4 for 1N of Specification D4485. 1.2 These test methods, although based on the original Caterpillar 1K/1N procedures,3 also embody TMC information letters issued before these test methods were first published. These test methods are subject to frequent change. Until the next revision of these test methods, TMC will update changes in these test methods by the issuance of information letters which shall be obtained from TMC (see Annex A15). 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to ......

Standard Test Methods for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Enginemdash;1K Procedure (0.4?% Fuel Sulfur) and 1N Procedure (0.04?% Fuel Sulfur)

ASTM D7603-13 测定汽车齿轮油贮存稳定性和兼容性的标准试验方法

5.1 To avoid equipment failure, a gear oil should remain a homogeneous liquid and the performance-enhancing additives should not separate out when the oil is stored for an extended period of time. 5.2 In addition, because different oils are often mixed when topping off, gear oils from different manufacturers, or containing different base fluids or performance-enhancing additives should be completely miscible and compatible with each other. Any incompatibility of such mixtures can also result in equipment failure if gelation or additive dropout occurs. 5.3 The test procedures described in this test method are designed to evaluate the performance of gear oils in each of the above circumstances. 5.4 This test method is based on the separate test methods FED-STD-791/3440.1 and FED-STD-791/3440.2. Minor changes have been made to the FED test methods to provide a coherent unified procedure. These changes do not significantly alter the test procedures. This test method has, therefore, potential for use as an alternative to the FED test methods in gear oil specifications such as SAE J2360 and Specification D5760. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of storage stability characteristics and the compatibility of automotive gear lubricants when blended with reference lubricants. The purpose of the test is to determine if performance-enhancing additives separate out under defined conditions. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Storage Stability and Compatibility in Automotive Gear Oils

ASTM D6987/D6987M-13 评估T-10废气循环柴油机中的柴油机油的标准试验方法

5.1 This test method was developed to evaluate the wear performance of engine oils in turbocharged and intercooled four-cycle diesel engines equipped with EGR. Obtain results from used oil analysis and component measurements before and after the test. 5.2 The test method may be used for engine oil specification acceptance when all details of the procedure are followed. 1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the Mack T-10.2 This test method covers an engine test procedure for evaluating diesel engine oils for performance characteristics, including lead corrosion and wear of piston rings and cylinder liners. 1.2 This test method also provides the procedure for running an abbreviated length test, which is commonly referred to as the T-10A. The procedures for the T-10 and T-10A are identical with the exception of the items specifically listed in Annex A8. Additionally, the procedure modifications listed in Annex A8 refer to the corresponding section of the T-10 procedure. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A7 for specific Safety Hazards.

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-10 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel Engine

ASTM D6891-13a 评估IVA序列火花点火发动机中汽车发动机油的标准试验方法

5.1 This test method was developed to evaluate automotive lubricant’s effect on controlling cam lobe wear for overhead valve-train equipped engines with sliding cam followers.Note 1—This test method may be used for engine oil specifications, such as Specification D4485, API 1509, SAE J183, and ILSC GF 3. 1.1 This test method measures the ability of crankcase oil to control camshaft lobe wear for spark-ignition engines equipped with an overhead valve-train and sliding cam followers. This test method is designed to simulate extended engine idling vehicle operation. The Sequence IVA Test Method uses a Nissan KA24E engine. The primary result is camshaft lobe wear (measured at seven locations around each of the twelve lobes). Secondary results include cam lobe nose wear and measurement of iron wear metal concentration in the used engine oil. Other determinations such as fuel dilution of crankcase oil, non-ferrous wear metal concentrations, and total oil consumption, can be useful in the assessment of the validity of the test results.2 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.2.1 Exceptions—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as pipe fittings, tubing, NPT screw threads/diameters, or single source equipment specified. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A5 for specific safety precautions.

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IVA Spark-Ignition Engine

ASTM D6923-13 卡特皮勒1R试验程序评价高速单缸柴油发动机中发动机油的标准试验方法

5.1 This is an accelerated engine oil test, performed in a standardized, calibrated, stationary single-cylinder diesel engine that gives a measure of (1) piston and ring groove deposit forming tendency, (2) piston, ring, and liner scuffing and (3) oil consumption. The test is used in the establishment of diesel engine oil specification requirements as cited in Specification D4485 for appropriate API Performance Category C oils (API 1509). The test method can also be used in diesel engine oil development. 1.1 This test method covers stressing an engine oil under modern high-speed diesel operating conditions and measures the oil's deposit control, lubrication ability, and resistance to oil consumption. It is performed in a laboratory using a standardized high-speed, single-cylinder diesel engine.4 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.2.1 Exceptions—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and tubing size, or where a sole source supplier is specified. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use. Being an engine test method, this test method does have definite hazards that require safe practices (see Appendix X2 on Safety). 1.4 The following is the Table of Contents: Scope 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Test Method 4 Significance an......

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Enginemdash;Caterpillar 1R Test Procedure

ASTM D7320-13 评估IIIG序列火花点火发动机中汽车发动机油的标准试验方法

5.1 This test method was developed to evaluate automotive engine oils for protection against oil thickening and engine wear during moderately high-speed, high-temperature service. 5.2 The increase in oil viscosity obtained in this test indicates the tendency of an oil to thicken because of oxidation. In automotive service, such thickening can cause oil pump starvation and resultant catastrophic engine failures. 5.3 The deposit ratings for an oil indicate the tendency for the formation of deposits throughout the engine, including those that can cause sticking of the piston rings in their grooves. This can be involved in the loss of compression pressures in the engine. 5.4 The camshaft and lifter wear values obtained in this test provide a measure of the anti-wear quality of an oil under conditions of high unit pressure mechanical contact. 5.5 The test method was developed to correlate with oils of known good and poor protection against oil thickening and engine wear. Specially formulated oils that produce less than desirable results with unleaded fuels were also used during the development of this test. 5.6 The Sequence IIIG engine oil test has replaced the Sequence IIIF test and can be used in specifications and classifications of engine lubricating oils, such as the following: 5.6.1 Specification D4485, 5.6.2 Military Specification MIL-PRF-2104, and 5.6.3 SAE Classification J183. 1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for evaluating automotive engine oils for certain high-temperature performance characteristics, including oil thickening, varnish deposition, oil consumption, as well as engine wear. Such oils include both single viscosity grade and multiviscosity grade oils that are used in both spark-ignition, gasoline-fueled engines, as well as in diesel engines. 1.1.1 Additionally, with nonmandatory supplemental requirements, a IIIGA Test (Mini Rotary Viscometer and Cold Cranking Simulator measurements), a IIIGVS Test (EOT viscosity increase measurement), or a IIIGB Test (phosphorous retention measurement) can be conducted. These supplemental test procedures are contained in Appendixes Appendix X1, Appendix X2, and Appendix X3, respectively.Note 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in SAE J304. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and tubing size. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine

ASTM D1743-13 测定润滑脂防腐蚀性的标准试验方法

5.1 This test method differentiates the relative corrosion-preventive capabilities of lubricating greases under the conditions of the test. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the corrosion preventive properties of greases using grease-lubricated tapered roller bearings stored under wet conditions. This test method is based on CRC Technique L 412 that shows correlations between laboratory results and service for grease lubricated aircraft wheel bearings. 1.2 Apparatus Dimensions—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 All Other Values—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining Corrosion Preventive Properties of Lubricating Greases

ASTM D4863-13 测定二冲程循环汽油发动机润滑剂润滑性的标准试验方法

5.1 The oil in a two-stroke-cycle gasoline engine is either mixed with the fuel prior to use or is metered into the fuel supply at, or at some point prior to, its passage into the engine crankcase. The possibility of the amount of oil actually present in the engine being less than optimum always exists. Also, with some oil metering systems short periods of operation with less oil than desirable can occur when the power is increased suddenly. It has also been found that the incidence of piston scuff early in the life of the engine might be related to the lubricity of the oil used as defined by test procedures of this type. 1.1 This test method2 evaluates the ability of lubricants to minimize piston and bore scuffing in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Lubricity of Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engine Lubricants

ASTM D6082-12 润滑油高温发泡特性的标准试验方法

The tendency of oils to foam at high temperature can be a serious problem in systems such as high-speed gearing, high volume pumping, and splash lubrication. Foaming can cause inadequate lubrication, cavitation, and loss of lubricant due to overflow, and these events can lead to mechanical failure. Correlation between the amount of foam created or the time for foam to collapse, or both, and actual lubrication failure has not been established. Such relations should be empirically determined for foam sensitive applications.1.1 This test method describes the procedure for determining the foaming characteristics of lubricating oils (specifically transmission fluid and motor oil) at 150°C. 1.2 Foaming characteristics of lubricating oils at temperatures up to 93.5°C are determined by Test Method D892 or IP 146. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 WARNINGMercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s websitehttp://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for High Temperature Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils

ASTM D6821-12 恒定剪切应力粘度计中传动系统润滑剂低温粘度的标准试验方法

5.1 Viscosity of drive line lubricants at low temperature is critical for both gear lubrication and the circulation of the fluid in automatic transmissions. For gear oils (GOs), the issue is whether the fluid characteristics are such that the oil will flow into the channel dug out by the submerged gears as they begin rotating and re-lubricating them as they continue to rotate. For automatic transmission fluids, torque, and tractor fluids the issue is whether the fluid will flow into a pump and through the distribution system rapidly enough for the device to function. 5.2 The low temperature performance of drive line lubricant flow characteristics was originally evaluated by the channel test. In this test, a pan was filled to a specified depth of approximately 2.5 cm and then cooled to test temperature. The test was performed by scraping a channel through the full depth of the fluid and across the length of the pan after it had soaked at test temperature for a specified time. The time it took the fluid to cover the channel was measured and reported. The channel test was replaced by Test Method D2983 in 1971. 5.3 The results of this test procedure correlate with the viscometric measurements obtained in Test Method D2983.3 The correlation obtained is: where: V   =   the apparent viscosity measured by this test method, and V D2983   =   the apparent viscosity measured by Test Method D2983. 5.3.1 The equation was obtained by forcing the fit through zero. The coefficient of variation (R2) for this correlation is 0.9948. 1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the viscosity of drive line lubricants (gear oils, automatic transmission fluids, and so forth) with a constant shear stress viscometer at temperatures from –40 to 10°C after a prescribed preheat and controlled cooling to the final test temperature. The precision is stated for test temperatures from -40 to -26°C. 1.2 The applicability of this particular test method to petroleum products other than drive line lubricants has not been determined. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are ......

Standard Test Method for Low Temperature Viscosity of Drive Line Lubricants in a Constant Shear Stress Viscometer

ASTM D3244-12 利用试验数据测定规范符合性的标准实施规程

4.1 This practice provides a means whereby the parties to a transaction can resolve potential quality disputes over those product properties which can be tested and expressed numerically. 4.1.1 This practice can be used to ensure that such properties are correctly stated on labels or in other descriptions of the product. 4.1.2 This practice can be implemented in those cases where a supplier uses an in-house or a commercial testing laboratory to sample and test a product prior to releasing the product to a shipper (intermediate receiver) and the ultimate receiver also uses an in-house or commercial testing laboratory to sample and test the product upon arrival at the destination. The ATV would still be determined according to 8.3. 4.2 This practice can assist in the determination of tolerances from specification limits which will ensure that the true value of a property is sufficiently close to the specification value with a mutually agreed probability so that the product is acceptable to the receiver. Such tolerances are bounded by an acceptance limit (AL). If the ATV value determined by applying this practice falls on the AL or on the acceptable side of the AL, the product can be accepted; otherwise it shall be deemed to have failed the product acceptance requirement established by applying this practice. 4.3 Application of this practice requires the AL be determined prior to actual commencement of testing. Therefore, the degree of criticality of the specification, as determined by the Probability of Acceptance (P value) that is required to calculate the AL, shall have been mutually agreed upon between both parties prior to execution of actual product testing. 4.3.1 This agreement should include a decision as to whether the ATV is to be determined by the absolute or rounding-off method of Practice E29, as therein defined. 4.3.1.1 If the rounding-off method is to be used, the number of significant digits to be retained must also be agreed upon. 4.3.1.2 These decisions must also be made in the case where only one party is involved, as in the case of a label. 4.3.1.3 In the absence of such an agreement, this practice recommends the ATV be rounded in accordance with the rounding-off method in Practice E29 to the number of significant digits that are specified in the governing specification. 4.4 Thi......

Standard Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications

ASTM D3829-12 预测发动机油边界泵送温度的标准试验方法

5.1 Borderline pumping temperature is a measure of the lowest temperature at which an engine oil can be continuously and adequately supplied to the oil pump inlet of an automotive engine. 1.1 This test method covers the prediction of the borderline pumping temperature (BPT) of engine oils through the use of a 16-h cooling cycle over the temperature range from 0 to −40°C. The precision is stated for temperatures from -34 to -15°C. 1.2 Applicability to petroleum products other than engine oils has not been determined. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3.1 Exception—This test method uses the SI based unit of milliPascal second (mPa·s) for viscosity, which is equivalent to centipoise (cP). 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Predicting the Borderline Pumping Temperature of Engine Oil