75.160.20 液体燃料 标准查询与下载

T/ZXCY 001-2022 厨房燃油、燃油容器和燃油器具配置要求

本文件规定了厨房燃油、燃油容器、燃油器具的术语和定义及配置的基本要求。

Requirements for the configuration of fuel oil, fuel containers and fuel appliances for kitchens

GSO EN 12662:2022 液体石油产品 中间馏分油、柴油燃料和脂肪酸甲酯中总污染物的测定

This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the content of undissolved substances, referred to as total contamination, in middle distillates, in diesel fuels containing up to 30 % (V/V) fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), and in neat FAME. The working range is from 12 mg/kg to 30 mg/kg and it was established in an interlaboratory study by applying EN ISO 4259 [2]. This European Standard in general applies to products having a kinematic viscosity not exceeding 8 mm2/s at 20 °C, or 5 mm2/s at 40 °C, e.g. diesel fuel as specified in EN 590 [1]. This test method may be used for diesel fuels containing more than 30 % (V/V) FAME and for petroleum products having a kinematic viscosity exceeding 8 mm2/s at 20 °C, or 5 mm2/s at 40 °C, however in such cases the precision of the test method is not defined. NOTE 1 Excessive contamination in a fuel system can give rise to premature blocking of filters and/or hardware failure, and is therefore undesirable. NOTE 2 For the purposes of this European Standard, the term "% (V/V)" is used to represent the volume fraction, φ, of a material. WARNING - Use of this standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Liquid petroleum products - Determination of total contamination in middle distillates, diesel fuels and fatty acid methyl esters

GSO ASTM D4306:2022 用于受痕量污染影响的测试的航空燃料样品容器的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice2 covers the types of and preparation of containers found most suitable for the handling of aviation fuel samples for the determination of critical properties affected by trace contamination. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, and 5.6. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination

GSO ASTM D2880:2022 燃气轮机燃油标准规范

This specification covers the selection of fuels for gas turbines, excepting gas turbines used in aircraft, for the guidance of interested parties such as turbine manufacturers and the suppliers and purchasers of fuel oils. The specification sets forth the properties of fuels at the time and place of custody transfer to the user. The fuels shall be homogeneous mixtures of hydrocarbon oils free of inorganic acid, and free of excessive amounts of solid or fibrous foreign matter likely to make frequent cleaning of suitable strainers necessary. All grades containing residual components shall remain homogeneous in normal storage and not separated by gravity into light and heavy oil components outside the viscosity limits for the grade. The following test methods shall be performed to determine certain properties: flash point test, pour point test, water and sediment test, carbon residue test, ash test, distillation test, viscosity test, density test, and sulfur test.

Standard Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils

GSO ASTM D5842:2022 用于挥发性测量的燃料采样和处理的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers procedures and equipment for obtaining, mixing, and handling representative samples of volatile fuels for the purpose of testing for compliance with the standards set forth for volatility related measurements applicable to light fuels. 1.2 The applicable dry vapor pressure equivalent range of this practice is 13 kPa to 110 kPa (2 psia to 16 psia). 1.3 This practice is applicable to the sampling, mixing, and handling of reformulated fuels including those containing oxygenates. This practice is not applicable to crude oil. For the sampling of crude oil, refer to Practice D4057/API MPMS Chapter 8.1, Practice D4177/API MPMS Chapter 8.2, and Practice D8009/API MPMS Chapter 8.5. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard except in some cases where drawings may show inch-pound measurements, which are customary for that equipment. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Practice for Sampling and Handling of Fuels for Volatility Measurement

GSO ASTM D2624:2022 航空燃料和馏分燃料电导率的标准测试方法

1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the electrical conductivity of aviation and distillate fuels with and without a static dissipator additive. The test methods normally give a measurement of the conductivity when the fuel is uncharged, that is, electrically at rest (known as the rest conductivity). 1.2 Two test methods are available for field tests of fuel conductivity. These are: (1) portable meters for the direct measurement in tanks or the field or laboratory measurement of fuel samples, and (2) in-line meters for the continuous measurement of fuel conductivities in a fuel distribution system. In using portable meters, care must be taken in allowing the relaxation of residual electrical charges before measurement and in preventing fuel contamination. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 7.1, 7.1.1, and 11.2.1.

Standard Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity of Aviation and Distillate Fuels

GSO ASTM D6217:2022 通过实验室过滤测定中间馏分燃料中颗粒污染的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mass of particulate contamination in a middle distillate fuel by filtration. This test method is suitable for all No. 1 and No. 2 grades in Specifications D396, D975, D2880 and D3699 and for grades DMA and DMB in Specification D2069. 1.2 This test method is not suitable for fuels whose flash point as determined by Test Methods D56, D93 or D3828 is less than 38 °C. NOTE 1—Middle distillate fuels with flash points less than 38 °C have been ignited by discharges of static electricity when the fuels have been filtered through inadequately bonded or grounded membrane filter systems. See Test Methods D2276 and D5452 for means of determining particulate contamination in Specification D1655 aviation turbine fuels and other similar aviation fuels. See Guide D4865 for a more detailed discussion of static electricity formation and discharge. 1.3 This test method has not been validated for testing biodiesel, such as meeting Specification D6751 or blends of middle distillates and biodiesel, such as meeting Specification D7467, or both. Test Method D7321 has been determined to be suitable for testing B100 and all blends of middle distillates and biodiesel. NOTE 2—No. 1 and No. 2 grades in Specifications D396 or D975 currently allow up to 5 % biodiesel meeting Specification D6751. Samples containing biodiesel can result in partial dissolution or compromise of the membrane filters and give erroneous results. 1.4 The precision of this test method is applicable to particulate contaminant levels between 0 g ⁄m3 to 25 g ⁄m3 provided that 1 L samples are used and the 1 L is filtered completely. Higher levels of particulate contaminant can be measured, but are subject to uncertain precision. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels by Laboratory Filtration

GSO ISO 20846:2022 石油产品 车用燃料硫含量的测定 紫外荧光法

This document specifies an ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence test method for the determination of the sulfur content of the following products: — having sulfur contents in the range 3 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg, — motor gasolines containing up to 3,7 % (m/m) oxygen [including those blended with ethanol up to about 10 % (V/V)], — diesel fuels, including those containing up to about 30 % (V/V) fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), — having sulfur contents in the range of 3 mg/kg to 45 mg/kg, — synthetic fuels, such as hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) and gas to liquid (GTL). Other products can be analysed and other sulfur contents can be determined according to this test method, however, no precision data for products other than automotive fuels and for results outside the specified range have been established for this document. Halogens interfere with this detection technique at concentrations above approximately 3 500 mg/kg. NOTE 1 Some process catalysts used in petroleum and chemical refining can be poisoned when trace amounts of sulfur-bearing materials are contained in the feedstocks. NOTE 2 This test method can be used to determine sulfur in process feeds and can also be used to control sulfur in effluents. NOTE 3 For the purposes of this document, "% (m/m)" and "% (V/V)" are used to represent the mass fraction, w, and the volume fraction, φ, of a material respectively. NOTE 4 Sulfate species in ethanol do not have the same conversion factor of organic sulfur in ethanol. Nevertheless, sulfates have a conversion factor close to that of organic sulfur. NOTE 5 Nitrogen interference can occur, see 6.5 for further guidance.

Petroleum products — Determination of sulfur content of automotive fuels — Ultraviolet fluorescence method

GSO ASTM D5059:2022 用 X 射线光谱法测定汽油中铅的标准测试方法

1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the total lead content of a gasoline within the following concentration ranges: 0.010 g Pb ⁄US gal to 5.0 g Pb ⁄US gal 0.012 g Pb ⁄UK gal to 6.0 g Pb ⁄UK gal 0.0026 g Pb ⁄L to 1.32 g Pb ⁄L 1.1.1 Test Methods A and B cover the range of 0.10 g Pb ⁄US gal to 5.0 g Pb ⁄US gal. Test Method C covers the range of 0.010 g Pb ⁄US gal to 0.50 g Pb ⁄US gal. 1.1.2 These test methods compensate for normal variation in gasoline composition and are independent of lead alkyl type. 1.2 Test Method A (formerly in withdrawn Test Method D2599)—Sections 5–9. Test Method B (formerly in withdrawn Test Method D2599)—Sections 10 – 14. Test Method C (formerly in withdrawn Test Method D3229)—Sections 15 – 19. 1.3 The values stated in SI are to be regarded as the standard. For reporting purposes the values stated in grams per U.S. gallon are the preferred units in the United States. Note that in other countries, other units can be preferred. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 5, 6, 11, and 18. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Methods for Lead in Gasoline by X-Ray Spectroscopy

ASTM D909-22 火花点火航空汽油增压额定值的标准试验方法

1.1 This laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of supercharge ratings of spark-ignition aviation gasoline. The sample fuel is tested using a standardized single cylinder, four-stroke cycle, indirect injected, liquid cooled, CFR engine run in accordance with a defined set of operating conditions. 1.2 The supercharge rating is calculated by linear interpolation of the knock limited power of the sample compared to the knock limited power of bracketing reference fuel blends. 1.3 The rating scale covers the range from 85 octane number to Isooctane + 6.0 mL TEL ⁄U.S. gal. 1.4 The values of operating conditions are stated in SI units and are considered standard. The values in parentheses are the historical inch-pound units. The standardized CFR engine measurements and reference fuel concentrations continue to be in historical units. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Annex A1. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Supercharge Rating of Spark-Ignition Aviation Gasoline

ASTM D7548-22 石油产品中加速铁腐蚀测定的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers an accelerated laboratory and field procedure for the determination of corrosion of iron, in the presence of water, on samples such as gasoline and gasoline blended with 10 % ethanol, E10 (Specification D4814); gasoline-blend components (except butane); diesel fuel and biodiesel B5, except Grade No. 4-D (Specification D975); biodiesel B6 to B20 (Specification D7467); diesel-blend component such as light cycle-oil; No. 1 fuel oil, No. 2 fuel oil (Specification D396); aviation turbine fuel (Specification D1655). 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.2.1 Exception—Values in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Accelerated Iron Corrosion in Petroleum Products

BS 2869:2017+A1:2022 用于农业、家用和工业发动机和锅炉的燃料油 规格

1   Scope This British Standard specifies requirements for eight classes of petroleum fuels for engines and boilers used in agricultural, domestic and industrial applications. This British Standard does not preclude lawful use of one class of fuel in an application designed for use with a fuel of another class. However, it is strongly recommended that only class C1 burner fuel is used in flueless domestic appliances, and it is advisable that tests or consultation with the equipment manufacturer are carried out if fuel is to be used for a purpose other than that for which it is classified in this British Standard. NOTE Annex A , Annex B and Annex C provide information on fuel types and applications, storage and handling, and properties of fuels respectively. Additional information on storage and handling is given in BS 6380 .

Fuel oils for agricultural, domestic and industrial engines and boilers. Specification

22/30450337 DC BS EN 16906 液体石油产品 柴油燃料点火质量的测定 固定压缩比发动机方式

BS EN 16906. Liquid petroleum products. Determination of the ignition quality of diesel fuels. Fixed compression ratio engine method

ASTM D7795-15(2022)e1 用滴定法测定乙醇和乙醇混合物酸度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of acidity as acetic acid (see Specification D4806) in commonly available grades of denatured ethanol, and ethanol blends with gasoline ranging from E95 to E30. This test method is used for determining low levels of acidity, below 200 mg ⁄kg (ppm mass), with the exclusion of carbon dioxide. 1.1.1 Procedure A—Developed specifically for measurement of acidity by potentiometric titration. This is the referee method. 1.1.2 Procedure B—Developed specifically for measurement of acidity by color end point titration. 1.2 The ethanol and ethanol blends may be analyzed directly by this test method without any sample preparation. 1.3 Review the current and appropriate Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and safety precautions and proper personal protective equipments. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific hazards statements are given in Section 7 on Hazards. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Acidity in Ethanol and Ethanol Blends by Titration

ASTM D7548-16A(2022)e1 石油产品中加速铁腐蚀测定的标准试验方法

Standard Test Method for Determination of Accelerated Iron Corrosion in Petroleum Products

ASTM D5599-22 用气相色谱法和氧选择性火焰离子化检测法测定汽油中氧化物的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers a gas chromatographic procedure for the quantitative determination of organic oxygenated compounds in gasoline having a final boiling point not greater than 220 °C and oxygenates having a boiling point limit of 130 °C. It is applicable when oxygenates are present in the 0.1 % to 20 % by mass range. 1.2 This test method is intended to determine the mass concentration of each oxygenate compound present in a gasoline. This requires knowledge of the identity of each oxygenate being determined (for calibration purposes). However, the oxygen-selective detector used in this test method exhibits a response that is proportional to the mass of oxygen. It is, therefore, possible to determine the mass concentration of oxygen contributed by any oxygenate compound in the sample, whether or not it is identified. Total oxygen content in a gasoline may be determined from the summation of the accurately determined individual oxygenated compounds. The summed area of other, uncalibrated or unknown oxygenated compounds present, may be converted to a mass concentration of oxygen and summed with the oxygen concentration of the known oxygenated compounds. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Selective Flame Ionization Detection

ASTM D8148-22 燃料中雾度光谱测定的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers a spectroscopic procedure for determining the level of suspended water and particulate contamination (haze) in liquid middle distillate fuels including those blended with synthesized hydrocarbons or biofuels. 1.1.1 An ordinal, whole-number, Instrument Haze Rating (IHR) from 1 to 6 and a Haze Clarity Index (HCI) from 50.0 to 100.0 are determined on a test specimen at a temperature of 22.0 °C 6 2.0 °C. 1.1.1.1 The stated precision only applies at this temperature. 1.1.1.2 Fuels analyzed at other test specimen temperatures may not be as precise. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Other units of measurement included in this standard are defined in Section 3. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Spectroscopic Determination of Haze in Fuels

ASTM D7501-22 用冷浸过滤试验（CSFT）测定生物柴油混合燃料贮存器（B100）燃料过滤器堵塞可能性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination by filtration time after cold soak for the suitability of biodiesel fuel blendstock (B100) that meets all other requirements of Specification D6751 and has a cloud point below 20 °C (68 °F) to provide adequate low temperature operability performance to at least the cloud point of the finished blend. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Non-SI units are given for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Fuel Filter Blocking Potential of Biodiesel Fuel Blendstock (B100) by Cold Soak Filtration Test (CSFT)

ASTM D4054-22 评定新型航空涡轮燃料和燃料添加剂的标准实施规程

1.1 This standard practice provides procedures to develop data for use in research reports for new aviation turbine fuels, changes to existing aviation turbine fuels, or new aviation turbine fuel additives. These research reports are intended to support the development and issuance of new specifications or specification revisions for these products. This standard practice has also been used to evaluate the effect of incidental materials on jet fuel properties and performance. 1.2 The procedures, tests, and selection of materials detailed in this practice are based on industry expertise to provide the necessary data to determine if the new or changed fuel or additive is suitable for use on existing aircraft and engines and for use in the current aviation operational and supply infrastructure. As such, it is primarily intended for the evaluation of drop-in fuels, but it can also be used for the evaluation of other fuels. 1.3 Because of the diversity of aviation hardware and potential variation in fuel/additive formulations, not every aspect may be fully covered and further work may be required. Therefore, additional data beyond that described in this practice may be requested by the ASTM task force, Subcommittee J, or Committee D02 upon review of the specific composition, performance, or other characteristics of the candidate fuel or additive. 1.4 Units of measure throughout this practice are stated in International System of Units (SI) unless the test method specifies non-SI units. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Practice for Evaluation of New Aviation Turbine Fuels and Fuel Additives

ASTM D7619-22 用自动颗粒计数器测定轻馏分和中间馏分燃料中颗粒大小和计数的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method uses a specific automatic particle counter2 (APC) to count and measure the size of dispersed dirt particles, water droplets and other particles, in light and middle distillate fuel, and bio fuels such as biodiesel and biodiesel blends, in the overall range from 4 µm(c) to 100 µm(c) and in the size bands ≥4 µm(c), ≥6 µm(c), and ≥14 µm(c). NOTE 1—ASTM and military specification fuels falling within the scope of this test method include Specifications: D975 grades 1D and 2D, D1655, D3699, D4814 (see 14.1.1.1), D6751, D7467, distillate grades of D396 and D2880, MIL-DTL-83133, and MIL-DTL-16884. NOTE 2—For the purposes of this test method, water droplets are counted as particles, and agglomerated particles are detected and counted as a single larger particle. Dirt includes biological particles. Although the projected area of a particle is measured, this is expressed as the diameter of a sphere for the purposes of this test method. NOTE 3—The notation (c), used with particle sizes, is used to denote that the apparatus has been calibrated in accordance with ISO 11171. Strictly this only applies to particles up to 50 µm. NOTE 4—This test method may be used for particle sizes bands up to 100 µm(c), however the precision has only been determined for the size bands ≥4 µm(c), ≥6 µm(c), and ≥14 µm(c). All measurements are per millilitre. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Sizing and Counting Particles in Light and Middle Distillate Fuels, by Automatic Particle Counter