77.140.20 (Steels of high quality) 标准查询与下载

ASTM A1011/A1011M-06a 钢 板材 带钢 热轧 碳 结构 高强度低合金 成型性提高的高强度低合金和超高强度的标准规格

1.1 This specification covers hot-rolled, carbon, structural, high-strength low-alloy, high-strength low-alloy with improved formability, and ultra-high strength steel sheet and strip, in coils and cut lengths.1.2 Hot rolled steel sheet and strip is available in the designations as listed in 4.1.1.3 This specification is not applicable to the steel covered by Specification A 635/A 635M.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other.

Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength

ASTM A1011/A1011M-06 钢 板材 带钢 热轧 碳 结构 高强度低合金 成型性提高的高强度低合金和超高强度的标准规格

1.1 This specification covers hot-rolled, carbon, structural, high-strength low-alloy, high-strength low-alloy with improved formability, and ultra-high strength steel sheet and strip, in coils and cut lengths.1.2 Hot rolled steel sheet and strip is available in the designations as listed in 4.1.1.3 This specification is not applicable to the steel covered by Specification A 635/A 635M.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other.

Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength

ASTM A380-06 不锈钢零件、设备及系统的清洗和除垢的标准操作规程

1.1 This practice covers recommendations and precautions for cleaning, descaling, and passivating of new stainless steel parts, assemblies, equipment, and installed systems. These recommendations are presented as procedures for guidance when it is recognized that for a particular service it is desired to remove surface contaminants that may impair the normal corrosion resistance, or result in the later contamination of the particular stainless steel grade, or cause product contamination. For certain exceptional applications, additional requirements which are not covered by this practice may be specified upon agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Although they apply primarily to materials in the composition ranges of the austenitic, ferritic, and martensitic stainless steels, the practices described may also be useful for cleaning other metals if due consideration is given to corrosion and possible metallurgical effects. 1.1.1 The term passivation is commonly applied to several distinctly different operations or processes relating to stainless steels. In order to avoid ambiguity in the setting of requirements, it may be necessary for the purchaser to define precisely the intended meaning of passivation. Some of the various meanings associated with the term passivation that are in common usage include the following:Passivation is the process by which a stainless steel will spontaneously form a chemically inactive surface when exposed to air or other oxygen-containing environments. It was at one time considered that an oxidizing treatment was necessary to establish this passive film, but it is now accepted that this film will form spontaneously in an oxygen-containing environment providing that the surface has been thoroughly cleaned or descaled.Passivation is removal of exogenous iron or iron compounds from the surface of a stainless steel by means of a chemical dissolution, most typically by a treatment with an acid solution that will remove the surface contamination but will not significantly affect the stainlees steel itself. This process is described in a general way in and defined precisely in with further reference to the requirements of and Part II of the table on acid cleaning of steel. Unless otherwise specified, it is this definition of passivation that is taken as the meaning of a specified requirement for passivation.Passivation is the chemical treatment of a stainless steel with a mild oxidant, such as a nitric acid solution, for the purpose of enhancing the spontaneous formation of the protective passive film. Such chemical treatment is generally not necessary for the formation of the passive film.Passivation does not indicate the separate process of descaling as described in Section , although descaling may be necessary before passivation can be effective. 1.2 This practice does not cover decontamination or cleaning of equipment or systems that have been in service, nor does it cover descaling and cleaning of materials at the mill. On the other hand, some of the practices may be applicable for these purposes. While the practice provides recommendations and information concerning the use of acids and other cleaning and descaling agents, it cannot encompass detailed cleaning procedures for specific types of equipment or installations. It therefore in no way precludes the necessity for careful planning and judgment in the selection and implementation of such procedures. 1.3 These practices may be applied when free iron, oxide scale, rust, grease, oil, carbonaceous or other residual chemical films, soil, particles, metal chips, dirt, or other nonvolatile deposits might adversely affect the metallurgical or sanitary condition or stability of a surface, the mechanical operation of a part, component, or system, or contaminate a process fluid. The degree of cleanness required on a surface depends on the application. In some cases, no more tha......

Standard Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems

ASTM B872-06(2011) 淀积硬化镍合金金属板,薄板和带材的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers rolled precipitation hardenable nickel-iron-chromium-columbium (Nb)-titanium-aluminum alloy (N09908) plate, sheet, and strip in the annealed condition (temper). This alloy is used as sheathing for super conductor cables, as tooling for fabrication of such cables, and for other applications requiring a material with low coefficient-of-expansion properties. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Nickel Alloys Plate, Sheet, and Strip

ASTM A774/A774M-06 低温和中等温度条件下的一般腐蚀性服务用焊接锻造奥氏体不锈钢配件标准规范

1.1 This specification covers five grades of as-welded, wrought austenitic stainless steel fittings for low-pressure piping and intended for low and moderate temperatures and general corrosive service. Users should note that certain corrosive conditions may restrict the use of one or more grades. For applications requiring a product that requires heat treatment or full pressure rating, refer to Specification A 403/A 403M. The term "fittings" applies to butt and socket welding parts such as 45 and 90 elbows, tees, reducers, wyes, laterals, crosses, and stub ends. 1.2 This specification covers as-welded fittings 3 through 48 in. [75 through 1225 mm] in outside diameter and in nominal wall thicknesses 0.062 through 0.500 in. [1.6 through 12.7 mm]. and list the common diameters and nominal thicknesses of fittings in this specification. 1.3 This specification does not apply to cast fittings. Cast austenitic steel fittings are covered by Specification A 351/A 351M. 1.4 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for fittings where a greater degree of examination is desired. These supplementary requirements call for additional tests. When desired, one or more of these may be specified in the order. 1.5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable "M" specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units. 1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.

Standard Specification for As-Welded Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Fittings for General Corrosive Service at Low and Moderate Temperatures

ASTM A892-06 规定高碳轴承钢微观结构的定义和等级

1.1 This guide covers the description of carbide structures in annealed high carbon bearing steels.1.2 Included is a guide for rating steel specimens by a graded series of photomicrographs showing the incidence of certain conditions. 1.3 The reference photomicrographs are graded illustrations of annealed carbides categorized by size, network, and lamellar content (shape). 1.4 This guide is to facilitate communication and description of microstructure. It does not establish limits of acceptability. Such limits are a matter of agreement between user and producer.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Defining and Rating the Microstructure of High Carbon Bearing Steels

ASTM A484/A484M-06a 不锈钢钢棒,钢坯和锻件的一般要求的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers general requirements that shall apply to wrought stainless steel bars, shapes, forgings, and billets or other semi-finished material (except wire) for forging, under the latest revision of each of the following ASTM specifications: A 276, A 314, A 458, A 473, A 477, A 479/A 479M, A 564/A 564M, A 565/A 565M, A 582/A 582M, A 638/A 638M, A 705/A 705M, and A 831/A 831M. 1.2 In the case of conflict between a requirement of a product specification and a requirement of this specification, the product specification shall prevail. In the case of conflict between a requirement of the product specification or a requirement of this specification and a more stringent requirement of the purchase order, the purchase order shall prevail. The purchase order requirements shall not take precedence if they, in any way, violate the requirements of the product specification or this specification; for example, by waiving a test requirement or by making a test requirement less stringent.1.3 The requirements for introduction of new materials in specifications referencing this specification are given in .1.4 General requirements for flat-rolled stainless steel products other than bar are covered in Specification A 480/A 480M. 1.5 General requirements for wire products in coils are covered in Specification A 555/A 555M.1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as the standard; within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.7 Unless the order specifies an "M" designation, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.

Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings

ASTM A484/A484M-06 不锈钢钢棒,钢坯和锻件的一般要求的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers general requirements that shall apply to wrought stainless steel bars, shapes, forgings, and billets or other semi-finished material (except wire) for forging, under the latest revision of each of the following ASTM specifications: A 276, A 314, A 458, A 473, A 477, A 479/A 479M, A 564/A 564M, A 565/A 565M, A 582/A 582M, A 638/A 638M, A 705/A 705M, and A 831/A 831M. 1.2 In the case of conflict between a requirement of a product specification and a requirement of this specification, the product specification shall prevail. In the case of conflict between a requirement of the product specification or a requirement of this specification and a more stringent requirement of the purchase order, the purchase order shall prevail. The purchase order requirements shall not take precedence if they, in any way, violate the requirements of the product specification or this specification; for example, by waiving a test requirement or by making a test requirement less stringent.1.3 The requirements for introduction of new materials in specifications referencing this specification are given in .1.4 General requirements for flat-rolled stainless steel products other than bar are covered in Specification A 480/A 480M. 1.5 General requirements for wire products in coils are covered in Specification A 555/A 555M.1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as the standard; within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.7 Unless the order specifies an "M" designation, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.

Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings

ASTM A1011/A1011M-05 钢 板材 带钢 热轧 碳 结构 高强度低合金 成型性提高的高强度低合金和超高强度的标准规格

1.1 This specification covers hot-rolled, carbon, structural, high-strength low-alloy, and high-strength low-alloy with improved formability steel sheet and strip, in coils and cut lengths.1.2 Hot rolled steel sheet and strip is available in the designations as listed in 4.1.1.3 This specification is not applicable to the steel covered by Specification A 635/A 635M.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other.

Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy and High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability

ASTM A484/A484M-05 不锈钢钢棒,钢坯和锻件的一般要求的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers general requirements that shall apply to wrought stainless steel bars, shapes, forgings, and billets or other semi-finished material (except wire) for forging, under the latest revision of each of the following ASTM specifications: A 276, A 314, A 458, A 473, A 477, A 479/A 479M, A 564/A 564M, A 565, A 582/A 582M, A 638/A 638M, A 705/A 705M, and A 831/A 831M. 1.2 In the case of conflict between a requirement of a product specification and a requirement of this specification, the product specification shall prevail. In the case of conflict between a requirement of the product specification or a requirement of this specification and a more stringent requirement of the purchase order, the purchase order shall prevail. The purchase order requirements shall not take precedence if they, in any way, violate the requirements of the product specification or this specification; for example, by waiving a test requirement or by making a test requirement less stringent.1.3 The requirements for introduction of new materials in specifications referencing this specification are given in .1.4 General requirements for flat-rolled stainless steel products other than bar are covered in Specification A 480/A 480M. 1.5 General requirements for wire products in coils are covered in Specification A 555/A 555M.1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as the standard; within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.7 Unless the order specifies an "M" designation, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.

Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings

ASTM A484/A484M-05a 不锈钢钢棒,钢坯和锻件的一般要求的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers general requirements that shall apply to wrought stainless steel bars, shapes, forgings, and billets or other semi-finished material (except wire) for forging, under the latest revision of each of the following ASTM specifications: A 276, A 314, A 458, A 473, A 477, A 479/A 479M, A 564/A 564M, A 565, A 582/A 582M, A 638/A 638M, A 705/A 705M, and A 831/A 831M. 1.2 In the case of conflict between a requirement of a product specification and a requirement of this specification, the product specification shall prevail. In the case of conflict between a requirement of the product specification or a requirement of this specification and a more stringent requirement of the purchase order, the purchase order shall prevail. The purchase order requirements shall not take precedence if they, in any way, violate the requirements of the product specification or this specification; for example, by waiving a test requirement or by making a test requirement less stringent.1.3 The requirements for introduction of new materials in specifications referencing this specification are given in .1.4 General requirements for flat-rolled stainless steel products other than bar are covered in Specification A 480/A 480M. 1.5 General requirements for wire products in coils are covered in Specification A 555/A 555M.1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as the standard; within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.7 Unless the order specifies an "M" designation, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.

Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings

ASTM A1018/A1018M-05b 钢 薄板和带材 热轧 碳 商用 拉伸 结构 高强度低合金 高强度低合金 具有改进的成形性和超高强度的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers hot-rolled, heavy-thickness coils beyond the size limits of Specification A 1011/A 1011M.1.2 The product is available in five designations: Commercial Steel, Drawing Steel, Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel, and High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel with Improved Formability.1.3 This material is available only in coils described as follows:ProductSize Limits, Coils OnlyWidth, in. [mm]Thickness, in. [mm]StripOver 8 to 12, incl[Over 200 to 300]0.230 to 1.000, incl[Over 6.0 to 25]SheetOver 12 to 48, incl[Over 300 to 1200]0.230 to 1.000, incl[Over 6.0 to 25]SheetOver 48[Over 1200]0.180 to 1.000, incl[Over 4.5 to 25]1.4 Sheet and strip in coils of sizes noted in 1.3 are covered by this specification only with the following provisions:1.4.1 The material is to be fed directly from coils into a blanking press, drawing or forming operation, tube mill, rolling mill, or sheared or slit into blanks for subsequent drawing or forming.1.4.2 The material is not to be converted into steel plates for structural or pressure vessel use unless tested in complete accordance with the appropriate sections of Specifications A 6/A 6M (plates provided from coils) or A 20/A 20M (plates produced from coils). Plate converted from coils is no longer governed by this sheet steel specification and since this material is now a plate, the requirements of the appropriate plate specification shall apply, except in cases where there is a conflict between the requirements of the plate specification and this specification. In these cases, the more restrictive limits of either specification shall apply.1.4.3 The dimensional tolerances of Specification A 635/A 635M are applicable to material produced to this specification.1.4.4 Not all strength levels are available in all thicknesses. The user should consult the producer for appropriate size limitations.1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units [metric] are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other.

Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Heavy-Thickness Coils, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Commercial, Drawing, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, and High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability

ASTM A1018/A1018M-05a 钢 薄板和带材 热轧 碳 商用 拉伸 结构 高强度低合金 高强度低合金 具有改进的成形性和超高强度的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers hot-rolled, heavy-thickness coils beyond the size limits of Specification A 1011/A 1011M.1.2 The product is available in five designations: Commercial Steel, Drawing Steel, Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel, and High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel with Improved Formability.1.3 This material is available only in coils described as follows:ProductSize Limits, Coils OnlyWidth, in. [mm]Thickness, in. [mm]StripOver 8 to 12, incl[Over 200 to 300]0.230 to 1.000, incl[Over 6.0 to 25]SheetOver 12 to 48, incl[Over 300 to 1200]0.230 to 1.000, incl[Over 6.0 to 25]SheetOver 48[Over 1200]0.180 to 1.000, incl[Over 4.5 to 25]1.4 Sheet and strip in coils of sizes noted in 1.3 are covered by this specification only with the following provisions:1.4.1 The material is to be fed directly from coils into a blanking press, drawing or forming operation, tube mill, rolling mill, or sheared or slit into blanks for subsequent drawing or forming.1.4.2 The material is not to be converted into steel plates for structural or pressure vessel use unless tested in complete accordance with the appropriate sections of Specifications A 6/A 6M (plates provided from coils) or A 20/A 20M (plates produced from coils). Plate converted from coils is no longer governed by this sheet steel specification and since this material is now a plate, the requirements of the appropriate plate specification shall apply, except in cases where there is a conflict between the requirements of the plate specification and this specification. In these cases, the more restrictive limits of either specification shall apply.1.4.3 The dimensional tolerances of Specification A 635/A 635M are applicable to material produced to this specification.1.4.4 Not all strength levels are available in all thicknesses. The user should consult the producer for appropriate size limitations.1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units [metric] are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other.

Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Heavy-Thickness Coils, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Commercial, Drawing, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, and High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability

ASTM A1018/A1018M-05 钢 薄板和带材 热轧 碳 商用 拉伸 结构 高强度低合金 高强度低合金 具有改进的成形性和超高强度的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers hot-rolled, heavy-thickness coils beyond the size limits of Specification A 1011/A 1011M.1.2 The product is available in five designations: Commercial Steel, Drawing Steel, Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel, and High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel with Improved Formability.1.3 This material is available only in coils described as follows:ProductSize Limits, Coils OnlyWidth, in. [mm]Thickness, in. [mm]StripOver 8 to 12, incl[Over 200 to 300]0.230 to 1.000, incl[Over 6.0 to 25]SheetOver 12 to 48, incl[Over 300 to 1200]0.230 to 1.000, incl[Over 6.0 to 25]SheetOver 48[Over 1200]0.180 to 1.000, incl[Over 4.5 to 25]1.4 Sheet and strip in coils of sizes noted in 1.3 are covered by this specification only with the following provisions:1.4.1 The material is to be fed directly from coils into a blanking press, drawing or forming operation, tube mill, rolling mill, or sheared or slit into blanks for subsequent drawing or forming.1.4.2 The material is not to be converted into steel plates for structural or pressure vessel use unless tested in complete accordance with the appropriate sections of Specifications A 6/A 6M (plates provided from coils) or A 20/A 20M (plates produced from coils). Plate converted from coils is no longer governed by this sheet steel specification and since this material is now a plate, the requirements of the appropriate plate specification shall apply, except in cases where there is a conflict between the requirements of the plate specification and this specification. In these cases, the more restrictive limits of either specification shall apply.1.4.3 The dimensional tolerances of Specification A 635/A 635M are applicable to material produced to this specification.1.4.4 Not all strength levels are available in all thicknesses. The user should consult the producer for appropriate size limitations.1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units [metric] are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other.

Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Heavy-Thickness Coils, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Commercial, Drawing, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, and High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability

ASTM A967-05 不锈钢零件化学钝化处理的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers several different types of chemical passivation treatments for stainless steel parts. It includes recommendations and precautions for descaling, cleaning, and passivation of stainless steel parts. It includes several alternative tests, with acceptance criteria, for confirmation of effectiveness of such treatments for stainless steel parts. 1.2 Practices for the mechanical and chemical treatments of stainless steel surfaces are discussed more thoroughly in Practice A 380. 1.3 Several alternative chemical treatments are defined for passivation of stainless steel parts. gives some nonmandatory information and provides some general guidelines regarding the selection of passivation treatment appropriate to particular grades of stainless steel but makes no recommendations regarding the suitability of any grade, treatment, and acceptance criteria for any particular application or class of applications. 1.4 The tests in this specification are intended to confirm the effectiveness of passivation, particularly with regard to the removal of free iron and other exogenous matter. These tests include the following practices: 1.4.1 Practice A8212;Water Immersion Test,1.4.2 Practice B8212;High Humidity Test,1.4.3 Practice C8212;Salt Spray Test, 1.4.4 Practice D8212;Copper Sulfate Test,1.4.5 Practice E8212;Potassium Ferricyanide-Nitric Acid Test, and1.4.6 Practice F8212;Free Iron Test.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions, Sections 14 through 18 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Specification for Chemical Passivation Treatments for Stainless Steel Parts

ASTM A967-05e2 不锈钢零件的化学钝化处理的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers several different types of chemical passivation treatments for stainless steel parts. It includes recommendations and precautions for descaling, cleaning, and passivation of stainless steel parts. It includes several alternative tests, with acceptance criteria, for confirmation of effectiveness of such treatments for stainless steel parts. 1.2 Practices for the mechanical and chemical treatments of stainless steel surfaces are discussed more thoroughly in Practice A380. 1.3 Several alternative chemical treatments are defined for passivation of stainless steel parts. Appendix X1 gives some nonmandatory information and provides some general guidelines regarding the selection of passivation treatment appropriate to particular grades of stainless steel. It makes no recommendations regarding the suitability of any grade, treatment, or acceptance criteria for any particular application or class of applications. 1.4 The tests in this specification are intended to confirm the effectiveness of passivation, particularly with regard to the removal of free iron and other exogenous matter. These tests include the following practices: 1.4.1 Practice A8212;Water Immersion Test, 1.4.2 Practice B8212;High Humidity Test, 1.4.3 Practice C8212;Salt Spray Test, 1.4.4 Practice D8212;Copper Sulfate Test, 1.4.5 Practice E8212;Potassium Ferricyanide–Nitric Acid Test, and 1.4.6 Practice F8212;Free Iron Test. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions, Sections 14 through 18 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Specification for Chemical Passivation Treatments for Stainless Steel Parts

ASTM F2328-05(2011) 测定硬化和回火螺纹钢螺栓,螺钉和螺柱螺栓的脱碳和渗碳的标准试验方法

Decarburization and carburization are two surface conditions created, either intentionally or unintentionally, as with a pre-existing condition created during the rod rolling process, the rod/wire annealing process, or while heat treating threaded steel products. Too much of either will adversely affect the safety and performance of the threaded product. Therefore, limits have been established for three different product groups: the harder and greater the tensile strength of the product, the more susceptible to failure the product becomes if these limits are exceeded. When testing to a particular product specification that lists the dimensions and microindentation data to be used, that data shall take precedence over the tables in this test method. There are only two viable methods available to detect these deficiencies, either by the visual method or the microindentation method. Both methods are used for routine inspections when evaluations are conducted at a single location on the product sample. Because an evaluation at a specific location may not be representative of the whole part, the referee method employs the microindentation method taken as an average of evaluations conducted on four adjacent threads. This procedure significantly reduces the random test variables when compared to testing on a single thread. Specifying this test method does not specify or imply that testing shall be for either decarburization or carburization alone or for both conditions. When either test method is performed, both conditions will be apparent and shall be reported. For example, if an order is placed to test for decarburization and none is found, but the presence of carburization is detected, it shall be reported on the test report that carburization was found.1.1 This test method covers procedures for measuring, classifying, and determining the presence of decarburization and carburization in the threaded section of hardened and tempered inch series steel bolts, screws, studs, and similar parts which have been heated to facilitate fabrication or to modify its mechanical properties. This test method is not intended to address products which are intentionally carburized to achieve specific results. 1.2 Two routine methods are described for measuring the limits of and determining the presence of decarburization or carburizationthe optical method and the microindentation method 1. Either method is appropriate for routine examinations. The microindentation method 2 shall be considered the referee method. 1.3 For the purpose of these tests, there are three classes of hardened and tempered steel products for which specific measurements must be made with respect to their physical properties. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded Steel Bolts, Screws and Studs

ASTM A1011/A1011M-04a 钢 板材 带钢 热轧 碳 结构 高强度低合金 成型性提高的高强度低合金和超高强度的标准规格

1.1 This specification covers hot-rolled, carbon, structural, high-strength low-alloy, and high-strength low-alloy with improved formability steel sheet and strip, in coils and cut lengths.1.2 Hot rolled steel sheet and strip is available in the designations as listed in 4.1.1.3 This specification is not applicable to the steel covered by Specification A 635/A 635M.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other.

Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy and High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability

ASTM A1016/A1016M-04 铁素体合金钢 奥氏体合金钢和不锈钢管的一般要求标准规范

1.1 This specification covers a group of requirements that, unless otherwise specified in an individual specification, shall apply to the ASTM product specifications noted below.Title of SpecificationASTM DesignationSeamless Carbon-Molybdenum Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes A 209/A 209MSeamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger TubesA 213/A 213MWelded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat-Exchanger, and Condenser TubesA 249/A 249MElectric-Resistance-Welded Ferritic Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater TubesA 250/A 250MSeamless and Welded Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General ServiceA 268/A 268MSeamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service A 269Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Sanitary TubingA 270Seamless and Welded Carbon and Alloy-Steel Tubes for Low-Temperature Service A 334/A 334MSeamless and Electric-Welded Low-Alloy Steel TubesA 423/A 423MWelded Austenitic Stainless Steel Feedwater Heater TubesA 688/A 688MAustenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for Breeder Reactor Core Components A 771Seamless and Welded Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General ServiceA 789/A 789MWelded Ferritic Stainless Steel Feedwater Heater TubesA 803/A 803MAustenitic and Ferritic Stainless Steel Duct Tubes for Breeder Reactor Core ComponentsA 826High-Frequency Induction Welded, Unannealed Austenitic Steel Condenser Tubes A 851 These designations refer to the latest issue of the respective specifications.1.2 In the case of conflict between a requirement of a product specification and a requirement of this general requirements specification, the product specification shall prevail. In the case of conflict between a requirement of the product specification or a requirement of this general requirements specification and a more stringent requirement of the purchase order, the purchase order shall prevail.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each System must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the "M" designation (SI) of the product specification is specified in the order.

Standard Specification for General Requirements for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Tubes

ASTM A1016/A1016M-04a 铁素体合金钢 奥氏体合金钢和不锈钢管的一般要求标准规范

1.1 This specification covers a group of requirements that, unless otherwise specified in an individual specification, shall apply to the ASTM product specifications noted below.Title of SpecificationASTM DesignationSeamless Carbon-Molybdenum Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes A 209/A 209MSeamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger TubesA 213/A 213MWelded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat-Exchanger, and Condenser TubesA 249/A 249MElectric-Resistance-Welded Ferritic Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater TubesA 250/A 250MSeamless and Welded Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General ServiceA 268/A 268MSeamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service A 269Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Sanitary TubingA 270Seamless and Welded Carbon and Alloy-Steel Tubes for Low-Temperature Service A 334/A 334MSeamless and Electric-Welded Low-Alloy Steel TubesA 423/A 423MWelded Austenitic Stainless Steel Feedwater Heater TubesA 688/A 688MAustenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for Breeder Reactor Core Components A 771Seamless and Welded Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General ServiceA 789/A 789MWelded Ferritic Stainless Steel Feedwater Heater TubesA 803/A 803MAustenitic and Ferritic Stainless Steel Duct Tubes for Breeder Reactor Core ComponentsA 826High-Frequency Induction Welded, Unannealed Austenitic Steel Condenser Tubes A 851 These designations refer to the latest issue of the respective specifications.1.2 In the case of conflict between a requirement of a product specification and a requirement of this general requirements specification, the product specification shall prevail. In the case of conflict between a requirement of the product specification or a requirement of this general requirements specification and a more stringent requirement of the purchase order, the purchase order shall prevail.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each System must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the "M" designation (SI) of the product specification is specified in the order.

Standard Specification for General Requirements for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Tubes