N04 基础标准与通用方法 标准查询与下载

BS ISO 11843-5:2008 检测能力.线性和非线性校准容器中的方法学

Capability of detection - Methodology in the linear and non-linear calibration cases

ANSI/NECA 408-2009 总线的安装和维护用标准

This standard describes the installation and maintenance procedures for feeder and plug-in busways and accessories rated 600 Volts AC or less, and 100 Amperes or more. It also covers periodic routine maintenance procedures for busway, and special procedures used after adverse operating conditions such as a short-circuit, ground-fault, or immersion in water. This publication does not cover lighting busway, trolley busway, cable-bus, or medium-voltage or metal-enclosed busway.

Standard for Installing and Maintaining Busways

GOST R 8.652-2009 确保测量一致性的状态系统.测量表面粗糙度的接触(触针)仪器.校正滤波器计量学特征

State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Contact (stylus) instruments for the measurement of surface roughness. Metrological characteristics of correct filters

GOST R 8.651-2009 确保测量一致性的状态系统.测量表面粗糙度的接触(触针)仪器.校准程序

State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Contact (stylus) instruments for the measurement of surface roughness. Procedure of calibration

ASTM E691-09e1 测定试验方法精密度实施的多个实验室间的研究的标准实施规程

ASTM regulations require precision statements in all test methods in terms of repeatability and reproducibility. This practice may be used in obtaining the needed information as simply as possible. This information may then be used to prepare a precision statement in accordance with Practice E 177. Test Method and Protocol8212;In this practice, the term “test method” is used both for the actual measurement process and for the written description of the process, while the term “protocol” is used for the directions given to the laboratories for conducting the ILS. Observations, Test Determinations and Test Results: 5.3.1 A test method often has three distinct stages, the direct observation of dimensions or properties, the arithmetic combination of the observed values to obtain a test determination, and the arithmetic combination of a number of test determinations to obtain the test result of the test method. In the simplest of test methods a single direct observation is both the test determination and the test result. For example, the test method may require the measurement of the mass of a test specimen prepared in a prescribed way. Another test method may require the measurement of the area of the test specimen as well as the mass, and then direct that the mass be divided by the area to obtain the mass per unit area of the specimen. The whole process of measuring the mass and the area and calculating the mass per unit area is a test determination. If the test method specifies that only one test determination is to be made, then the test determination value is the test result of the test method. Some test methods require that several determinations be made and the values obtained be averaged or otherwise combined to obtain the test result of the test method. Averaging of several determinations is often used to reduce the effect of local variations of the property within the material. In this practice, the term “test determination” is used both for the process and for the value obtained by the process, except when “test determination value” is needed for clarity. The number of test determinations required for a test result should be specified in each individual test method. The number of test results required for an interlaboratory study of a test method is specified in the protocol of that study. Test Specimens and Test Units8212;In this practice a test unit is the total quantity of material needed for obtaining a test result as specified by the test method. The portion of the test unit needed for obtaining a single test determination is called a test specimen. Usually a separate test specimen is required for each test determination. Precision, Bias, and Accuracy of a Test Method: 5.5.1 When a test method is applied to a large number of portions of a material, that are as nearly alike as possible, the test results obtained nevertheless will not all have the same value. A measure of the degree of agreement among these test results describes the precision of the test method for that material. Numerical measures of the variability between such test results provide inverse measures of the precision of the test method. Greater variability implies smaller (that is, poorer) precision and larger imprecision. This practice is designed only to estimate the precision of a test method. Howe......

Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method

GOST R 8.654-2009 测量一致性确认用国家体系.测量仪器的软件要求.主要原则

State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Requirements for software of measuring instruments. Main principles

ASTM D3796-09 S型皮托管(空速管)校正的标准实施规程

The Type S pitot tube (Fig. 1) is often used to measure the velocity of flowing gas streams in industrial smokestacks and ducts. Before a Type S pitot tube is used for this purpose, its coefficients must be determined by calibration against a standard pitot tube (2). 1.1 This practice covers the determination of Type S pitot tube coefficients in the gas velocity range from 305 to 1524 m/min or 5.08 to 25.4 m/s (1000 to 5000 ft/min). The method applies both to the calibration of isolated Type S pitot tubes (see 5.1), and pitobe assemblies. 1.2 This practice outlines procedures for obtaining Type S pitot tube coefficients by calibration at a single-velocity setting near the midpoint of the normal working range. Type S pitot coefficients obtained by this method will generally be valid to within ±3 % over the normal working range. If a more precise correlation between Type S pitot tube coefficient and velocity is desired, multivelocity calibration technique (Annex A1) should be used. The calibration coefficients determined for the Type S pitot tube by this practice do not apply in field use when the flow is nonaxial to the face of the tube. 1.3 This practice may be used for the calibration of thermal anemometers for gas velocities in excess of 3 m/s (10 ft/s). 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Calibration of Type S Pitot Tubes

ASTM D3764-09 过程流量分析仪系统性能确认的标准实施规范

This practice can be used to quantify the performance of a process stream analyzer system or its subsystem in terms of precision and bias relative to those of a primary test method for the property of interest. This practice provides developers or manufacturers of process stream analyzer systems with useful procedures for evaluating the capability of newly designed systems for industrial applications that require reliable prediction of measurements of a specific property by a primary test method of a flowing component or product. This practice provides purchasers of process stream analyzer systems with some reliable options for specifying acceptance test requirements for process stream analyzer systems at the time of commissioning to ensure the system is capable of making the desired property measurement with the appropriate precision or bias specifications, or both. PPTMR from Analyzer Systems validated in accordance with this practice can be used to predict, with a specified confidence, what the PTMR would be, to within a specified tolerance, if the actual primary test method was conducted on the materials that are within the validated property range and type. This practice provides the user of a process stream analyzer system with useful information from on-going quality control charts to monitor the variation in Δ over time, and trigger update of correlation relationship between the analyzer system and primary test method in a timely manner. Validation information obtained in the application of this practice is applicable only to the material type and property range of the materials used to perform the validation. Selection of the property levels and the compositional characteristics of the samples must be suitable for the application of the analyzer system. This practice allows the user to write a comprehensive validation statement for the analyzer system including specific limits for the validated range of application. This practice does not recommend extrapolation of validation results beyond the material type and property range used to obtain these results. In addition, users are cautioned that for measurement systems that show matrix dependencies, bias information determined from pure compounds or simple mixtures of pure compounds may not be representative of that achieved on actual process or product samples.1.1 This practice describes procedures and methodologies based on the statistical principles of Practice D 6708 to validate whether the degree of agreement between the results produced by a total analyzer system (or its subsystem), versus the results produced by an independent test method that purports to measure the same property, meets user-specified requirements. This is a performance-based validation, to be conducted using a set of materials that are not used a priori in the development of any correlation between the two measurement systems under investigation. A result from the independent test method is herein referred to as a Primary Test Method Result (PTMR). 1.2 This practice assumes any correlation necessary to mitigate systemic biases between the analyzer system and PTM have been applied to the analyzer results. 1.3 This practice requires that both the primary method against which the analyzer is compared to, and the analyzer system under investigation, are in statistical control. Practices described in Practice D 6299 should be used to ensure this condition is met. 1.4 This practice applies if the process stream analyzer system and the primary test method are based on the same measurement principle(s), or, if the process stream analyzer system uses a direct and well-understood measurement principle that is similar to the measurement principle of the primary test method. This practice also applies......

Standard Practice for Validation of the Performance of Process Stream Analyzer Systems

ASTM E2254-09 动态机械分析器的储能模量的标准试验方法

This test method calibrates or demonstrates conformity of a dynamic mechanical analyzer at an isothermal temperature within the range of -100 to 300 °C. Dynamic mechanical analysis experiments often use temperature ramps. This method does not address the effect of that change in temperature on the storage modulus. A calibration factor may be required to obtain corrected storage modulus values. This method may be used in research and development, specification acceptance, and quality control or assurance.1.1 This test method describes the calibration or performance confirmation for the storage modulus scale of a commercial or custom built dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) over the temperature range of -100 to 300 °C using reference materials in the range of 1 to 200 GPa. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Storage Modulus Calibration of Dynamic Mechanical Analyzers

ANSI/ISA 5.1-2009 仪器仪表符号和标志

Establishes a uniform means of designating instruments and instrumentation systems used for industrial process measurement and control. To this end, a designation system is presented that includes symbols and an identification code.

Instrumentation Symbols and Identification

ANSI/NECA 407-2009 仪表板的安装和维护用标准

This standard describes installation and maintenance procedures for panelboards, and special procedures used after adverse operating conditions such as a short-circuit, ground-fault, or immersion in water.

Standard for Installing and Maintaining Panelboards

IEC 62419:2008 控制技术.测量仪器的命名规则

This International Standard is applicable to measurement technology. It defines rules for the unambiguous designation of different types of measuring instruments and of measuring instrument features with the intention of enabling unambiguous technical communication over language boundaries. The scope of this International Standard is – the adaptation of the designation of measuring instruments and of measuring instrument features to the state of science by designating them according to the measuring quantity or the measuring task instead of the unit, and – the adaptation of the designation of measuring instruments and of measuring instrument features to the terms given in the ISO/IEC Guide 99 (VIM). It is strongly recommended that “…….. measuring instrument” is used as secondary component in compound terms. This is consistent with the objective of standardization, namely uniformity, especially since the meaning of other secondary components, e.g. “indicator”, “gauge”, “meter”, is no more descriptive than that of the standard component in this context. For exceptions see 4.1 and A.2. The ambiguous secondary component “... sensor” shall not be used. In its place one of the secondary components “… sensing element”, “... detector”, “... transformer”, “... transducer”, “… transmitter”, “... measuring instrument” or “... measuring chain” shall be used, depending on the task of the functional unit being termed. The definitions for detector (detecting device), transformer, transducer and transmitter are given in IEC 60050-351.

Control technology - Rules for the designation of measuring instruments

JIS Z 8103 ERRATUM 1:2008 勘误表

ERRATUM

ISO 11843-5:2008 检测能力.第5部分:线性和非线性校准容器中的方法学

This part of ISO 11843 is concerned with calibration functions that are either linear or non-linear. It specifies basic methods to -- construct a precision profile for the response variable, namely a description of the standard deviation (SD) or coefficient of variation (CV) of the response variable as a function of the net state variable, -- transform this precision profile into a precision profile for the net state variable in conjunction with the calibration function, and -- use the latter precision profile to estimate the critical value and minimum detectable value of the net state variable. The methods described in this part of ISO 11843 are useful for checking the detection of a certain substance by various types of measurement equipment to which ISO 11843-2 cannot be applied. Included are assays of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the environment, such as dioxins, pesticides and hormone-like chemicals, by competitive ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), and tests of bacterial endotoxins that induce hyperthermia in humans. The definition and applicability of the critical value and minimum detectable value of the net state variable are described in ISO 11843-1 and ISO 11843-2. This part of ISO 11843 extends the concepts in ISO 11843-2 to the cases of non-linear calibration. The critical value, Xc, and minimum detectable value, xd, are both given in the units of the net state variable. If xc and xd are defined based on the distribution for the response variable, the definition should include the calibration function to transform the response variable to the net state variable. This part of ISO 11843 defines xc and xd based on the distribution for the net state variable independently of the form of the calibration function. Consequently, the definition is available irrespective of the form of this function, whether it is linear or non-linear. The calibration function should be continuous, differentiable, and monotonically increasing or decreasing. A further method is described for the cases where the SD or CV is known only in the neighbourhood of the minimum detectable value. Examples are provided.

Capability of detection - Part 5: Methodology in the linear and non-linear calibration cases

DIN ISO 11843-2 Berichtigung 1:2008 检测能力.第2部分:线性校准容器中的方法学.技术勘误DIN ISO 11843-2-2006-06(ISO 11843-2-2000/技术勘误1-2007)

Capability of detection - Part 2: Methodology in the linear calibration case (ISO 11843-2:2000), Corrigenda to DIN ISO 11843-2:2006-06 (ISO 11843-2:2000/Cor. 1:2007; text in German, English)

DB53/ 68-2008 珠宝玉石、贵金属饰品标签标识

本标准规定了珠宝玉石、贵金属饰品印记标签标识的基本规定、标识分类、标注内容、标识要求、标签要求及使用要求。本标准适用的品种规格指云南省辖区内生产、销售的，在GB/T 16552和GB 11887中所列的珠宝玉石、贵金属及镶嵌饰品。

Gem and jade 、jewelry marker

ASTM E2281-08a 能力指数处理和测量的标准实施规程

Process Capability8212;Process capability can be defined as the natural or inherent behavior of a stable process that is in a state of statistical control (1). A “state of statistical control” is achieved when the process exhibits no detectable patterns or trends, such that the variation seen in the data is believed to be random and inherent to the process. Process capability is linked to the use of control charts and the state of statistical control. A process must be studied to evaluate its state of control before evaluating process capability. Process Control8212;There are many ways to implement control charts, but the most popular choice is to achieve a state of statistical control for the process under study. Special causes are identified by a set of rules based on probability theory. The process is investigated whenever the chart signals the occurrence of special causes. Taking appropriate actions to eliminate identified special causes and preventing their reappearance will ultimately obtain a state of statistical control. In this state, a minimum level of variation may be reached, which is referred to as common cause or inherent variation. For the purpose of this standard, this variation is a measure of the uniformity of process output, typically a product characteristic. Process Capability Indices8212;The behavior of a process (as related to inherent variability) in the state of statistical control is used to describe its capability. To compare a process with customer requirements (or specifications), it is common practice to think of capability in terms of the proportion of the process output that is within product specifications or tolerances. The metric of this proportion is the percentage of the process spread used up by the specification. This comparison becomes the essence of all process capability measures. The manner in which these measures are calculated defines the different types of capability indices and their use. Two process capability indices are defined in 5.2 and 5.3. In practice, these indices are used to drive process improvement through continuous improvement efforts. These indices may be used to identify the need for management actions required to reduce common cause variation, compare products from different sources, and to compare processes. Process Performance Indices8212;When a process is not in a state of statistical control, the process is subject to special cause variation, which can manifest itself in various ways on the process variability. Special causes can give rise to changes in the short-term variability of the process or can cause long-term shifts or drifts of the process mean. Special causes can also create transient shifts or spikes in the process mean. Even in such cases, there may be a need to assess the long-term variability of the process against customer specifications using process performance indices, which are defined in 6.2 and 6.3. These indices are similar to those for capability indices and differ only in the estimate of variability used in the calculation. This estimated variability includes additional components of variation due to special causes. Since process performance indices have additional components of variation, process performance usually has a wider spread than the process capability spread. These measures are useful in determining the role of measurement and sampling variability when compared to product uniformity.1.1 This practice provides guidance for the use of capability indices for evaluating process capability and performance. Process capability indices compare the variabil......

Standard Practice for Process and Measurement Capability Indices

BS DD ISO/TS 23165:2007 产品几何量技术规范(GPS).评估坐标测量仪(CMM)试验不确定度的指南

Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Guidelines for the evaluation of coordinate measuring machine (CMM) test uncertainty

BS EN ISO 14978:2007 产品几何量技术规范(GPS).GPS测量设备用一般概念和要求

ISO 14978:2006 specifies the general requirements, terms and definitions of characteristics of simple GPS measuring equipment, e.g. micrometers, dial gauges, callipers, surface plates, height gauges, gauge blocks, but not necessarily excluding more complicated equipment. It forms the basis for standards defining and describing the design characteristics and metrological characteristics for measuring equipment. It also gives guidance for the development and content of standards for GPS measuring equipment. ISO 14978:2006 is intended to ease the communication between manufacturer/supplier and customer/user and to make the specification phase of GPS measuring equipment more accurate. It is also intended as a tool to be used in companies in the process of defining and selecting relevant characteristics for measuring equipment to be used in the quality assurance of measuring processes, i.e. in calibration and in workpiece measurements. ISO 14978:2006 also includes terms which are frequently used in connection with the characterization of specific measuring equipment.

Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - General concepts and requirements for GPS measuring equipment

DLA A-A-52043 VALID NOTICE 2-2007 (滚动)平行规

The activities above were interested in this document as of the date of this document. Since organizations and responsibilities can change, you should verify the currency of the information above using the ASSIST Online database at assist.daps.dla.mil.

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