27.220 热回收、绝热 标准查询与下载

ASTM C1134-90(2012)e1 部分浸入后刚性隔热材料保水的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method determines the amount of water retained (including surface water) by rigid block and board thermal insulations used in building construction applications after these materials have been partially immersed in liquid water for prescribed time intervals under isothermal conditions. This test method is intended to be used for the characterization of materials in the laboratory. It is not intended to simulate any particular environmental condition that may be encountered in building construction applications. 1.2 This test method does not address all the possible mechanisms of water intake and retention and related phenomena for rigid thermal insulations. It relates only to those conditions outlined in 1.1. Determination of moisture accumulation in thermal insulations due to complete immersion, water vapor transmission, internal condensation, freeze-thaw cycling, or a combination of these effects requires different test procedures. 1.3 Each partial immersion interval is followed by a brief free-drainage period. This test method does not address or attempt to quantify the drainage characteristics of materials. Therefore, results for materials with different internal structure and porosity, such as cellular materials and fibrous materials, may not be directly comparable. Also, test results for specimens of different thickness may not be directly comparable because of porosity effects. The surface characteristics of a material also affect drainage. Specimens with rough surfaces may retain more surface water than specimens with smooth surfaces, and surface treatment during specimen preparation may affect water intake and retention. Therefore, results for materials with different surface characteristics may not be directly comparable. 1.4 For most materials the size of the test specimens is small compared with the size of the products actually installed in the field. If the surface-to-volume ratios for the test specimens and the corresponding products are different, the test results may be misleading. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Water Retention of Rigid Thermal Insulations Following Partial Immersion

DB31/T 615-2012 冷却塔循环水系统富余能量回收利用的评价方法

Evaluation method for recovery and utilization of surplus energy in cooling tower circulating water system

DB31/T 614-2012 节能、低噪声型冷却塔技术性能要求

Technical performance requirements for energy-saving and low-noise cooling towers

KS M ISO 10051-2012(2017) 热绝缘——水分对传热的影响——潮湿材料热传导率的测定

Thermal insulation－Moisture effects on heat transfer－Determination of thermal transmissivity of a moist material

KS M ISO 10051:2012 绝热.湿度对传热影响.含湿材料传热率的测定

이 표준은 정상상태의 수분 조건 즉, 수분 이동에 의한 영향을 받지 않는 상태에서 습윤상태

Thermal insulation－Moisture effects on heat transfer－Determination of thermal transmissivity of a moist material

DB44/T 984-2012 不锈钢常压蓄热水箱

本标准规定了不锈钢常压蓄热水箱（以下简称蓄热水箱）的术语和定义、分类及型号、要求、试验方法、检验规则、标志、包装、运输和贮存。 本标准适用于与热泵热水系统、太阳能热水系统及类似用途配套的非承压式蓄热容器。

Stainless steel atmospheric pressure hot water storage tank

ASTM C1290-11 外部隔热HVAC管道用柔性纤维玻璃毡隔热材料的标准规格

1.1 This specification covers the composition, size, dimensions, and physical properties of flexible fiber glass blanket, ductwrap, used to externally insulate HVAC ducts used for the distribution of condition air within the temperature range of 35°F (1.7°C) and 250°F (121°C). 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 When the installation and use of thermal insulation materials, accessories, and systems may pose safety and health problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the company's products, and shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in their safe utilization. The user shall establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use. 1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods, Section 13, in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Specification for Flexible Fibrous Glass Blanket Insulation Used to Externally Insulate HVAC Ducts

DB37/T 1692-2010 炼钢转炉生产余热利用导则

Guidelines for Utilization of Waste Heat in Steelmaking Converter Production

DB37/T 1693-2010 链篦机-回转窑生产余热利用导则

Guidelines for Utilization of Waste Heat in Grate-Rotary Kiln Production

GSO ISO 23993:2010 建筑设备和工业设施用绝热制品设计导热系数的估算

ISO 23993:2008 gives methods to calculate design thermal conductivities from declared thermal conductivities for the calculation of the thermal performance of building equipment and industrial installations. These methods are valid for operating temperatures from -200 °C to +800 °C. The conversion factors, established for the different influences, are valid for the temperature ranges indicated in the relevant clauses or annexes.

Thermal insulation products for building equipment and industrial installations -- Determination of design thermal conductivity

ISO 8301:1991/Amd 1:2010 绝热.恒定热阻和相关性能的测定.热流量计装置.修改件1

Thermal insulation - Determination of steady-state thermal resistance and related properties - Heat flow meter apparatus; Amendment 1

ASTM C921-10 用于确定隔热材料的性能的标准实践

1.1 This practice covers jackets applied over thermal insulation on piping and equipment, including materials applied solely for physical protection, and materials applied as vapor retarders. 1.2 This practice provides material and physical requirements, or both, for jackets. Guidance in selecting the proper jacket for a given application can be found in Guide C1423. 1.3 This practice does not cover field applied mastics or barrier coatings and their attendant reinforcements, nor does it cover jackets for buried insulation systems. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation

ISO 8143:2010 建筑设备和工业设施用绝热制品.硅酸钙制品

This International Standard specifies the requirements for factory-made calcium silicate products which are used for thermal insulation of industrial installations and building equipment with an operating temperature of up to approximately +1 100 °C

Thermal insulation products for building equipment and industrial installations - Calcium silicate products

ANSI/ASTM F683:2010 管和机械用绝热件的选择和应用实施规程

Practice for Selection and Application of Thermal Insulation for Piping and Machinery

ASTM C592-10 矿物纤维毡隔热和毡型管隔热(金属网覆盖)(工业型)的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers the composition, dimensions, and physical properties of metal-mesh covered mineral fiber (rock, slag, or glass) blanket and blanket-type pipe insulation (typically on 24 in. (610 mm) diameters or larger) for use on cooled surfaces at temperatures operating below ambient to 0°F (−18°C) and on heated surfaces operating at temperatures up to 1200°F (649°C). Specific applications outside the actual use temperatures shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser. 1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture/water vapor through or around the insulation towards the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder can lead to insulation and system damage. Refer to Practice C921 to aid material selection. Although vapor retarder properties are not part of this specification, properties required in Specification C1136 are pertinent to applications or performance. 1.3 The orientation of the fibers within the blanket is primarily parallel to the heated surface. This specification does not cover fabricated pipe and tank wrap insulation where the insulation has been cut and fabricated to provide fiber orientation that is perpendicular to the heated surface. 1.4 This standard does not purport to provide the performance requirements of hourly-rated fire systems. Consult the manufacturer for the appropriate system. 1.5 See Supplementary Requirements for modifications to sections in this standard only when specified by purchaser in the contract or order from the U.S. Military specifications utilized by the U.S. Department of Defense, Department of the Navy, and the Naval Systems Command. 1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Insulation and Blanket-Type Pipe Insulation (Metal-Mesh Covered) (Industrial Type)

ASTM C585-10 公称尺寸管道和管件用绝热层的内径和外径标准实施规程

The purpose of this practice is to ensure satisfactory fit on standard sizes, to accommodate radial expansion of pipes and tubes which are heated after being insulated, and to minimize the number of insulation sizes and thicknesses to be manufactured and stocked. While it is possible to manufacturer insulation to these recommended dimensions, exercise care in attempting to nest layers of different materials, or layers supplied by different manufacturers. Individual manufacturing processes will operate at slightly different tolerances. While the product will fit the pipe, it is possible that it will not readily nest as the outer layer between the different materials, or with a different manufacturer, and possibly the same manufacturer. Exercise care to determine these differences before specifying or ordering nesting sizes. The wide range of outer diameter dimensional tolerances will prevent many pipe and tube insulations from nesting for staggered joints or double layered applications, or both unless specified when ordered from the manufacturer, distributor, or fabricator. 4.4 Dimensions in accordance with this practice do not necessarily permit application of one thickness of pipe insulation over another (Nesting or Simplified Dimensional System) to obtain total thicknesses greater than those manufactured as single layer, or for multilayer application when desired.1.1 This practice is intended as a dimensional standard for preformed thermal insulation for pipes and tubing. 1.2 This practice covers insulation supplied in cylindrical sections and lists recommended single layer inner and outer diameters of insulation having nominal wall thicknesses from ½ to 5 in. (13 to 127 mm) to fit over standard sizes of pipe and tubing. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in SI units are provided for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of Thermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and Tubing

ASTM C1041-10 使用热通量转换器现场测定工业隔热材料的热通量用标准实施规程

The major contribution of this practice is that it enables a measurement of the real-time energy loss or gain through a chosen surface of an existing process insulation with minimal disturbance to the heat flux through the insulating body. The primary use of this practice will be for the in-situ estimation of thermal transport properties of industrial insulation such as used on pipes, tanks, ovens, and boilers, operating under normal process conditions. Errors attributable to heat flow measurements over a small area or short term testing can be misleading and this practice is intended to minimize such errors. Insulation processes with large temperature differences across the insulation are best suited to HFT measurements because modest changes in ambient conditions have but minimal effects on HFT output. While it would be ideal for the HFT and attachment system to have zero thermal resistance, this factor is insignificant to the measured result if kept to 5 % or less of the resistance of the insulating section being tested.1.1 This practice covers the in-situ measurement of heat flux through industrial thermal insulation using a heat flux transducer (HFT). 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This practice estimates the thermal transport properties of thermal insulation materials in-situ in field applications under pseudo steady-state conditions. It is not intended that this practice should be used as a substitute for more precise laboratory procedures such as Test Methods C177, C335, or C518. 1.4 This practice is limited by the relatively small area that can be covered by an HFT and by the transient effects of environmental conditions. 1.5 Temperature limitations shall be as specified by the manufacturer of the HFT. 1.6 While accurate values of heat flux are highly dependent upon proper calibrations under the conditions of use, it is acceptable to use the calibrations provided by the manufacturer of the HFT for comparative work between similar materials, aging, or other conditions of use. Note 18212;Further information may be found in the literature (1-6). 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for In-Situ Measurements of Heat Flux in Industrial Thermal Insulation Using Heat Flux Transducers

ASTM C680-10 用计算机程序估测绝热的平面系统,圆柱形和球形系统的表面温度及吸热或热损失的标准实施规范

Manufacturers of thermal insulation express the performance of their products in charts and tables showing heat gain or loss per unit surface area or unit length of pipe. This data is presented for typical insulation thicknesses, operating temperatures, surface orientations (facing up, down, horizontal, vertical), and in the case of pipes, different pipe sizes. The exterior surface temperature of the insulation is often shown to provide information on personnel protection or surface condensation. However, additional information on effects of wind velocity, jacket emittance, ambient conditions and other influential parameters may also be required to properly select an insulation system. Due to the large number of combinations of size, temperature, humidity, thickness, jacket properties, surface emittance, orientation, and ambient conditions, it is not practical to publish data for each possible case, Refs (31,32). Users of thermal insulation faced with the problem of designing large thermal insulation systems encounter substantial engineering cost to obtain the required information. This cost can be substantially reduced by the use of accurate engineering data tables, or available computer analysis tools, or both. The use of this practice by both manufacturers and users of thermal insulation will provide standardized engineering data of sufficient accuracy for predicting thermal insulation system performance. However, it is important to note that the accuracy of results is extremely dependent on the accuracy of the input data. Certain applications may need specific data to produce meaningful results. The use of analysis procedures described in this practice can also apply to designed or existing systems. In the rectangular coordinate system, Practice C680 can be applied to heat flows normal to flat, horizontal or vertical surfaces for all types of enclosures, such as boilers, furnaces, refrigerated chambers and building envelopes. In the cylindrical coordinate system, Practice C680 can be applied to radial heat flows for all types of piping circuits. In the spherical coordinate system, Practice C680 can be applied to radial heat flows to or from stored fluids such as liquefied natural gas (LNG). Practice C680 is referenced for use with Guide C1055 and Practice C1057 for burn hazard evaluation for heated surfaces. Infrared inspection, in-situ heat flux measurements, or both are often used in conjunction with Practice C680 to evaluate insulation system performance and durability of operating systems. This type of analysis is often made prior to system upgrades or replacements. All porous and non-porous solids of natural or man-made origin have temperature dependent thermal conductivities. The change in thermal conductivity with temperature is different for different materials, and for operation at a relatively small temperature difference, an average thermal conductivity may suffice. Thermal insulating materials (k < 0.85 {Btu·in}/{h·ft2·°F}) are porous solids where the heat transfer modes include conduction in series and parallel flow through the matrix of solid and gaseous portions, radiant heat exchange between the surfaces of the pores or interstices, as well as transmission through non-opaque surfaces, and to a lesser extent, convection within and between the gaseous portions. With the existence of radiation and convection modes of heat transfer, the measured value should be called apparent thermal conductivity as described in Terminology

Standard Practice for Estimate of the Heat Gain or Loss and the Surface Temperatures of Insulated Flat, Cylindrical, and Spherical Systems by Use of Computer Programs

ASTM F683-10 管道系统和机械设备绝热的选择和应用的标准操作规程

1.1 This practice provides guidance in the selection of types and thicknesses of thermal insulation materials for piping, machinery, and equipment for nonnuclear shipboard applications. Methods and materials for installation, including lagging, are also detailed. 1.2 Supplemental requirements and exceptions to the requirements discussed herein for ships of the U.S. Navy are included in Supplementary Requirements S1. 1.3 Asbestos or asbestos-containing materials shall not be used. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Thermal Insulation for Piping and Machinery

ASTM C585-10(2016) 管道和管件公称尺寸用保温内直径和外直径的标准实施规程

4.1 The purpose of this practice is to ensure satisfactory fit on standard sizes, to accommodate radial expansion of pipes and tubes which are heated after being insulated, and to minimize the number of insulation sizes and thicknesses to be manufactured and stocked. 4.2 While it is possible to manufacturer insulation to these recommended dimensions, exercise care in attempting to nest layers of different materials, or layers supplied by different manufacturers. Individual manufacturing processes will operate at slightly different tolerances. While the product will fit the pipe, it is possible that it will not readily nest as the outer layer between the different materials, or with a different manufacturer, and possibly the same manufacturer. Exercise care to determine these differences before specifying or ordering nesting sizes. 4.3 The wide range of outer diameter dimensional tolerances will prevent many pipe and tube insulations from nesting for staggered joints or double layered applications, or both unless specified when ordered from the manufacturer, distributor, or fabricator. 4.4 Dimensions in accordance with this practice do not necessarily permit application of one thickness of pipe insulation over another (Nesting or Simplified Dimensional System) to obtain total thicknesses greater than those manufactured as single layer, or for multilayer application when desired. 1.1 This practice is intended as a dimensional standard for preformed thermal insulation for pipes and tubing. 1.2 This practice covers insulation supplied in cylindrical sections and lists recommended single layer inner and outer diameters of insulation having nominal wall thicknesses from 1/2 to 5 in. (13 to 127 mm) to fit over standard sizes of pipe and tubing. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in SI units are provided for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of Thermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and Tubing