A40 基础学科综合 标准查询与下载

KS J ISO 6888-1:2007 食品和动物饲料的微生物学.凝血酶阳性葡萄球菌(金黄色葡萄球菌及其他种)计数的水平方法.第1部分:Baird.Parke琼脂培养基技术

이 규격은 35 ℃ 또는 37 ℃에서 호기적으로 배양한 후 고체 배지상에서(베어드-파커 배

Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs-Horizontal method for the enumeration of coagulase-positive staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus and other species)-Part 1:Technique using Baird-Parker agar medium

KS J ISO 6888-2:2007 食品和动物饲料的微生物学.凝血酶阳性葡萄球菌(金黄色葡萄球菌及其他种)计数的水平方法.第2部分:.兔血浆纤维蛋白原琼脂培养基技术

이 규격은 35 ℃ 또는 37 ℃에서 호기적 배양 후 고체 배지(토끼 혈장 피브리노겐 한천

Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs－Horizontal method for the enumeration of coagulase-positive staphylococci(Staphylococcus aureus and other species)－Part 2：Technique using rabbit plasma fibrinogen agar medium

ISO 4831:2006 食品和动物饲料微生物学.大肠杆菌菌落计数和测定水平方法.最大几率数技术

This International Standard gives general guidelines for the detection and the enumeration of conforms. It is applicable to — products intended for human consumption and for the feeding of animals, and — environmental samples in the area of food production and food handling. Enumeration is carried out by calculation of the most probable number (MPN) after incubation in a liquid medium at 30 °C or 37 °C. NOTE The temperature is subject to agreement between the parties concerned. In the case of milk and milk products, the temperature of incubation is 30 "C. This enumeration method is applicable when the number sought is expected to be in the range 1 to 100 per millilitre or per gram of test sample. A limitation on the applicability of this International Standard is imposed by the susceptibility of the method to a large degree of variability. The information given in Clause 11 provides guidance on the applicability of the method and on the interpretation of the results.

Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal method for the detection and enumeration of coliforms - Most probable number technique

ISO/IEC 19794-1:2006 信息技术.生物测量数据交换格式.第1部分:框架

This part of ISO/IEC 19794 specifies — general aspects for the usage of biometric data structures, — the types of biometric data structure, — a naming concept for biometric data structures, — a coding scheme for format types. Biometric data include but are not limited to finger minutiae, finger pattern, finger image, face image, iris image and signature/sign behavioural data.

Information technology - Biometric data interchange formats - Part 1: Framework

ISO/IEC 19795-1:2006 信息技术.生物特性试验和报告.第1部分:原则和框架

This part of ISO/IEC 19795 - establishes general principles for testing the performance of biometric systems in terms of error rates and throughput rates for purposes including prediction of performance, comparison of performance, and verifying compliance with specified performance requirements; - specifies performance metrics for biometric systems; - specifies requirements on test methods, recording of data and reporting of results; and - provides a framework for developing and describing test protocols, to help avoid bias due to inappropriate data collection or analytic procedures, to help achieve the best estimate of field performance for the expended effort, and to improve understanding of the limits of applicability of the test results. This part of ISO/IEC 19795 is applicable to empirical performance testing of biometric systems and algorithms through analysis of the matching scores and decisions output by the system, without detailed knowledge of the system’s algorithms or of the underlying distribution of biometric characteristics in the population of interest. Not within the scope of this part of ISO/IEC 19795 is the measurement of error and throughput rates for people deliberately trying to circumvent correct recognition by the biometric system (i.e. active impostors).

Information technology - Biometric performance testing and reporting - Part 1: Principles and framework

ASTM F748-06(2010) 材料和装置用一般生物试验方法的选择的标准实施规程

The objective of this practice is to recommend sufficient biological testing to establish a reasonable level of confidence concerning the biological response to a material or device, while at the same time avoiding unnecessary testing. This practice is intended to provide guidance to the materials investigator in selecting the proper procedures to be carried out for the screening of new or modified materials. Because each material and each implant situation involves its own unique circumstances, these recommendations should be modified as necessary and do not constitute the only testing that will be required for a material nor should these guidelines be interpreted as minimum requirements for any particular situation. While an attempt has been made to provide recommendation for different implant circumstances, some of the recommended testing may not be necessary or reasonable for a specific material or application.1.1 This practice recommends generic biological test methods for materials and devices according to end-use applications. While chemical testing for extractable additives and residual monomers or residues from processing aids is necessary for most implant materials, such testing is not included as part of this practice. The reader is cautioned that the area of materials biocompatibility testing is a rapidly evolving field, and improved methods are evolving rapidly, so this practice is by necessity only a guideline. A thorough knowledge of current techniques and research is critical to a complete evaluation of new materials. 1.2 These test protocols are intended to apply to materials and medical devices for human application. Biological evaluation of materials and devices, and related subjects such as pyrogen testing, batch testing of production lots, and so on, are also discussed. Tests include those performed on materials, end products, and extracts. Rationale and comments on current state of the art are included for all test procedures described. 1.3 The biocompatibility of materials used in single or multicomponent medical devices for human use depends to a large degree on the particular nature of the end-use application. Biological reactions that are detrimental to the success of a material in one device application may have little or no bearing on the successful use of the material for a different application. It is, therefore, not possible to specify a set of biocompatibility test methods which will be necessary and sufficient to establish biocompatibility for all materials and applications. 1.4 The evaluation of tissue engineered medical products (TEMPs) may, in some cases, involve different or additional testing beyond those suggested for non-tissue-based materials and devices. Where appropriate, these differences are discussed in this practice and additional tests described. 1.5 The ethical use of research animals places the obligation on the individual investigator to determine the most efficient methods for performing the necessary testing without undue use of animals. Where adequate prior data exists to substantiate certain types of safety information, these guidelines should not be interpreted to mean that testing should be unnecessarily repeated. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Selecting Generic Biological Test Methods for Materials and Devices

ASTM E1493-06 抗菌素M13及其脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)识别的标准指南

This guide is intended for use in a biotechnology laboratory when the need arises to identify a preparation containing M13 bacteriophage or DNA.1.1 This guide covers the identification of bacteriophage M13 used in biotechnology.1.2 There are many variants of M13 that have been developed specifically for cloning technology. These variants have foreign DNA inserted into the M13 genome, causing the M13 to differ in size and genotype.1.3 If the M13 is to be used to construct a recombinant molecule, then the criteria described in Section 6 should be used to characterize the newly made DNA.

Standard Guide for Identification of Bacteriophage M13 or Its DNA

ASTM E2013-06 在价值分析研究中制定功能分析系统技术图和进行功能分析的标准操作规程

1.1 This practice covers a logical structure for the function analysis of a building project or process.1.2 This practice provides a system to identify unnecessary costs of a project.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Constructing FAST Diagrams and Performing Function Analysis During Value Analysis Study

ASTM E1873-06 用聚合酶链式反应技术测定核酸序列的标准指南

This guide is intended for use in any laboratory utilizing PCR or RT-PCR to amplify and detect a specific nucleic acid sequence. The criteria used for evaluation of the amplification reactions should be administered by an individual trained in the use of molecular biological techniques associated with PCR.1.1 This guide covers guidelines, recommendations, basic considerations, criteria, and principles to be employed when developing, utilizing, or assessing PCR procedures and specific protocols for the amplification and detection of nucleic acid sequences. This guide is not intended to be a standard procedure with a list of requirements for PCR detection of nucleic acids. This guide is intended to provide information that will assist the user in obtaining quality and reliable data.1.2 Nucleic acid targets for PCR include DNA, as well as RNA ; RNA sequences are suitable targets for PCR following reverse transcription of the RNA to complementary DNA (cDNA). This type of amplification technique is known as reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR).1.3 This guide has been developed for use in any molecular biology/biotechnology laboratory. This includes, but is not limited to, laboratories that specialize in the diagnosis of human, animal, plant, or bacterial diseases.1.4 This guide conveys the general procedural terminology of PCR technology used for the detection of nucleic acids.1.5 This guide is general; it does not cover the additional guidance that would be needed for specific applications, for example, for the PCR detection of nucleic acid sequences of specific microorganisms.1.6 This guide does not cover details of the various methods that can be utilized to identify PCR-amplified DNA sequences.1.7 This guide does not cover specific variations of the basic PCR or RT-PCR technology (for example, quantitative PCR, real-time PCR, multiplex PCR, and in situ PCR), and it does not cover details of instrument calibration.1.8 Warning-Laboratory work involving certain clinical specimens and microorganisms can be hazardous to personnel. Warning-Biosafety level 2 (or higher) facilities are recommended for biohazard work (). Safety guidelines should be adhered to in accordance with CLSI M29-A2 and other recommendations ().

Standard Guide for Detection of Nucleic Acid Sequences by the Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique

ASTM F748-06 选择材料和装置用一般生物试验方法标准实施规程

The objective of this practice is to recommend sufficient biological testing to establish a reasonable level of confidence concerning the biological response to a material or device, while at the same time avoiding unnecessary testing. This practice is intended to provide guidance to the materials investigator in selecting the proper procedures to be carried out for the screening of new or modified materials. Because each material and each implant situation involves its own unique circumstances, these recommendations should be modified as necessary and do not constitute the only testing that will be required for a material nor should these guidelines be interpreted as minimum requirements for any particular situation. While an attempt has been made to provide recommendation for different implant circumstances, some of the recommended testing may not be necessary or reasonable for a specific material or application.1.1 This practice recommends generic biological test methods for materials and devices according to end-use applications. While chemical testing for extractable additives and residual monomers or residues from processing aids is necessary for most implant materials, such testing is not included as part of this practice. The reader is cautioned that the area of materials biocompatibility testing is a rapidly evolving field, and improved methods are evolving rapidly, so this practice is by necessity only a guideline. A thorough knowledge of current techniques and research is critical to a complete evaluation of new materials.1.2 These test protocols are intended to apply to materials and medical devices for human application. Biological evaluation of materials and devices, and related subjects such as pyrogen testing, batch testing of production lots, and so on, are also discussed. Tests include those performed on materials, end products, and extracts. Rationale and comments on current state of the art are included for all test procedures described.1.3 The biocompatibility of materials used in single or multicomponent medical devices for human use depends to a large degree on the particular nature of the end-use application. Biological reactions that are detrimental to the success of a material in one device application may have little or no bearing on the successful use of the material for a different application. It is, therefore, not possible to specify a set of biocompatibility test methods which will be necessary and sufficient to establish biocompatibility for all materials and applications.1.4 The evaluation of tissue engineered medical products (TEMPs) may, in some cases, involve different or additional testing beyond those suggested for non-tissue-based materials and devices. Where appropriate, these differences are discussed in this practice and additional tests described.1.5 The ethical use of research animals places the obligation on the individual investigator to determine the most efficient methods for performing the necessary testing without undue use of animals. Where adequate prior data exists to substantiate certain types of safety information, these guidelines should not be interpreted to mean that testing should be unnecessarily repeated.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Selecting Generic Biological Test Methods for Materials and Devices

ASTM E1880-06 用次级离子质谱法(SIMS)进行组织低温截面分析的标准实施规程

Pressing cryosections flat onto a conducting substrate has been one of the most challenging problems in SIMS analysis of cryogenically prepared tissue specimens. Frozen cryosections often curl or peel off, or both, from the substrate during freeze-drying. The curling of cryosections results in an uneven sample surface for SIMS analysis. Furthermore, if freeze-dried cryosections are not attached tightly to the substrate, the impact of the primary ion beam may result in further curling and even dislodging of the cryosection from the substrate. These problems render SIMS analysis difficult, frustrating and time consuming. The use of indium as a substrate for pressing cryosections flat has provided a practical approach for analyzing cryogenically prepared tissue specimens.(1) The procedure described herein has been successfully used for SIMS imaging of calcium and magnesium transport and localization of anticancer drugs in animal models (2, 3, 4, 5) The procedure described here is amenable to soft tissues of both animal and plant origin.1.1 This practice provides the Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) analyst with a method for analyzing tissue cryosections in the imaging mode of the instrument. This practice is suitable for frozen-freeze-dried and frozen-hydrated cryosection analysis.1.2 This practice does not describe methods for optimal freezing of the specimen for immobilizing diffusible chemical species in their native intracellular sites.1.3 This practice does not describe methods for obtaining cryosections from a frozen specimen.1.4 This practice is not suitable for any plastic embedded tissues.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Tissue Cryosection Analysis with SIMS

ASTM D3739-06 反渗透用估算和校正Langclier饱和指数的标准实施规范

In the design and operation of reverse osmosis installations, it is important to predict the calcium carbonate scaling properties of the concentrate stream. Because of the increase in total dissolved solids in the concentrate stream and the difference in passages for calcium ion, bicarbonate ion, and free CO2, the calcium carbonate scaling properties of the concentrate stream will generally be quite different from those of the feed solution. This practice permits the calculation of the Langelier Saturation Index for the concentrate stream from the feed water analyses and the reverse osmosis operating parameters. A positive Langelier Saturation Index indicates the tendency to form a calcium carbonate scale, which can be damaging to reverse osmosis performance. This practice gives various procedures for the adjustment of the Langelier saturation index. The tendency to form CaCo3 scale can be suppressed by the addition of antiscalents or crystal modifiers. Suppliers of antisealents and crystal modifiers can provide information on the scale inhibition peformance of these types of chemical. Their use may be appropriate for reducing scale formation in RO systems. The RO system supplier should be consulted prior to the use of antisealents and crystal modifiers to ensure they will not have a negative impact on the RO system.1.1 This practice covers the calculation and adjustment of the Langelier saturation index for the concentrate stream of a reverse osmosis device. This index is used to determine the need for calcium carbonate scale control in the operation and design of reverse osmosis installations. This practice is applicable for concentrate streams containing xx 10 to 10 000 mg/L of total dissolved solids. For concentrate containing over 10 000 mg/L see Practice D 4582. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Calculation and Adjustment of the Langelier Saturation Index for Reverse Osmosis

ASTM E1326-06 评估细菌计数的非常规微生物试验标准指南

This guide should be used by producers and potential producers of nonconventional tests to determine the accuracy, selectivity, specificity, and reproducibility of the tests, as defined in Practices E 691 and D 3870. Results of such studies should identify the limitations and indicate the utility or applicability of the nonconventional test, or both, for use on different types of samples. Nonconventional test users and potential users should employ this guide to evaluate results of the nonconventional test as compared to their present methods. Practices D 5245 and D 5465 should be reviewed in regards to the conventional microbiological methods employed. If conventional methods have not been used for monitoring the systems, then guidelines are included for obtaining microbiological expertise. Utilization of a nonconventional test may reduce the time required to determine the microbiological status of the system and enable an improvement in the overall operating efficiency. In many cases, the findings of a significantly high level of bacteria indicates the need for an addition of an antimicrobial agent. By accurately determining this in a shorter time period than by conventional methods, treatment with antimicrobial agents may circumvent more serious problems than if the treatment were postponed until conventional results were available. If the antimicrobial treatment program relies on an inaccurate nonconventional test, then unnecessary loss of product and problems associated with inappropriate selection or improper dosing with antimicrobial agents would exist. Since many methods based on entirely different chemical and microbiological principles are considered, it is not possible to establish a unique design and recommend a specific method of statistical analyses for the comparisons to be made. It is only possible to present guides that should be followed while performing the experiments. It is also recommended that a statistician be involved in the study. 1.1 The purpose of this guide is to assist users and producers of nonconventional tests in determining the applicability of the test for processing different types of samples and evaluating the accuracy of the results. Conventional procedures such as the Heterotrophic (Standard) Plate Count, the Most Probable Number (MPN) method and the Spread Plate Count are widely cited and accepted for the enumeration of microorganisms. However, these methods have their limitations, such as performance time and degree of accuracy. It is these limitations that have recently led to the marketing of a variety of non-conventional procedures, test kits and instruments. 1.2 A conventional test is one that is widely accepted and published as a standard microbiological method or related procedure. A new, nonconventional test method will attempt to provide the same information through the measurement of a different parameter. This guide is designed to assist investigators in assessing the accuracy and precision of nonconventional methods intended for the determination of microbial population densities or activities. 1.3 It is recognized that the Heterotrophic Plate Count does not recover all microorganisms present in a product or a system (, ). When this problem occurs during the characterization of a microbiological population, alternative standard enumeration procedures may be necessary, as in the case of sulfate-reducing bacteria. At other times, chemical methods that measure the rates of appearance of metabolic derivatives or the utilization of contaminated product components might be indicated. In evaluating nonconventional tests, the use of these alternative standard procedures may be the only means available for establishing correlation. In such cases, this guide can serve as a reference......

Standard Guide for Evaluating Nonconventional Microbiological Tests Used for Enumerating Bacteria

ASTM D5196-06(2013) 生物应用级水的标准指南

4.1 The purity of water is relative and is usually characterized by the limits of impurities found in the water as well as by the methods used to prepare and handle the water. Section 7 mentions the suitable methods for water preparation. 1.1 This guide is intended to describe the chemical and biological characteristics of water to be used whenever critical purity is essential to the use intended in laboratory Bio-Applications, for example, clinical, pharmaceutical, and biomedical. The importance of such a reagent is often underestimated despite the impact that it can have. 1.2 This guide is not intended to be used as a reference in preparing water for injectables. Generally, the appropriate use of this guide may include experiments involving tissue culture, chromatography, mass spectrometry, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), DeoxyriboNucleic Acid (DNA) sequencing, DNA hybridization, electrophoresis, molecular biology or analyses where molecular concentrations of impurities may be important. 1.3 For all the other applications linked to an ASTM method and not bio-sensitive that require purified water, it is recommended that Specification D1193 or Test Method D5127 be consulted. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Bio-Applications Grade Water

ANSI/NSF 49(i11)-2006 II级(层流)生物安全细木家具

To expand Section 3.11 to allow the use of the new types now defined within IEST-RP-CC00, and to modify Section 5.20 to include all current and new filters defined in Section 3.11.

Class II (laminar flow) biosafety cabinetry

GJB/Z 222-2005 动力学环境数据采集和分析指南

本指导性技术文件规定了动力学环境测量规划、数据采集、数据确认和编辑以及数据分析的基本方法和实施指南。 本指导性技术文件适用于军用装备的结构振动、噪声和冲击等动力学环境数据的采集与分析，也适用于其它工程结构动力学数据采集与分析。

Guidelines for dynamic environmental data acquisition and analysis

KS B 7071-2005 产品模型基本术语

이 규격은 산업 자동화 제품 모델 표준 분야의 주요 용어의 정의에 대하여 규정한다. 이 규

Glossary of terms for product model data

ISO/IEC 19794-2:2005 信息技术.生物测量数据交换格式.第2部分:指节数据

This part of ISO/IEC 19794 specifies a concept and data formats for representation of fingerprints using the fundamental notion of minutiae. It is generic, in that it may be applied and used in a wide range of application areas where automated fingerprint recognition is involved. This part of ISO/IEC 19794 contains definitions of relevant terms, a description of how minutiae shall be determined, data formats for containing the data for both general use and for use with cards, and conformance information. Guidelines and values for matching and decision parameters are provided in an informative annex.

Information technology - Biometric data interchange formats - Part 2: Finger minutiae data

ANSI/INCITS 395-2005 信息技术.生物统计数据交换格式.签名/符号数据

This Standard specifies a data interchange format for representation of digitised sign or signature data, for the purposes of biometric enrolment, verification or identification through the use of Raw Signature/Sign Sample Data or Common Feature Data. The data interchange format is generic, in that it may be applied and used in a wide range of application areas where electronic signs or signatures are involved. No application-specific requirements or features are addressed in this standard.

Information technology - Biometric Data Interchange Formats - Signature/Sign Data

ISO/IEC 19794-4:2005 信息技术.生物测量数据交换格式.第4部分:指纹图像数据

This part of the ISO/IEC 19794 standard specifies a data record interchange format for storing, recording, and transmitting the information from one or more finger or palm image areas within an ISO/IEC 19785-1 CBEFF data structure. This can be used for the exchange and comparison of finger image data. It defines the content, format, and units of measurement for the exchange of finger image data that may be used in the verification or identification process of a subject. The information consists of a variety of mandatory and optional items, including scanning parameters, compressed or uncompressed images and vendor-specific information. This information is intended for interchange among organizations that rely on automated devices and systems for identification or verification purposes based on the information from finger image areas. Information compiled and formatted in accordance with this part of the ISO/IEC 19794 standard can be recorded on machine-readable media or may be transmitted by data communication facilities.

Information technology - Biometric data interchange formats - Part 4: Finger image data